CLASS XVIL ORDER TI. 61 



Chrysoco'ma. Calyx imbricate, oblong; receptacle naked ; egret hairy, srab- 

 rous; seed pubescent, (golden-locks.) 



Caca'lia. Calyx cylindric, scaly at the base ; receptacle naked; egret hairy, 

 (wild-caraway.) 



Spargano'i'horus. Calyx sub-globose, imbricate ; scales secured at the point; 

 receptacle naked ; seed crowned with a cartilaginous, shining cup. (water- 

 crown-cup.) S. 



Santoli'na. Calyx imbricate, hemispherical ; scales keeled, with scarious 

 points. iS. 



ORDER II. POLYGAMIA SUPERFLUA. 



A. Flowers discoid ; the ray-florets being obsolete. 



Tanace'tom. Calyx imbricate, hemispheric ; scales acuminate ; rays obso- 

 lete, 3-cleft; egret somewhat marginal; receptacle naked; flowers corymbed. 

 (tansey.) 



Artemi'sia. Calyx imbricate, ovate, with scales rounded, converging ; ray- 

 florets subulate ; egret 0; receptacle somewhat villose, or nakedish ; flowers 

 aiostly rounded, (wormwood, southern-wood.) S. 



Gnapha'lium. Calyx imbricate, with the marginal scales rounded, scarious, 

 shortish, glossy, coloured ; receptacle naked ; egret pilose or plumose, scabrous; 

 florets of the ray subulate, of the disk entire. Sometimes all the florets are 

 perfect, (life everlasting.) 



Bac"charis. Calyx imbricate, cylindric ; scales ovate, sub-coriaceous ; fer- 

 tile florets mixed with the perfect; receptacle naked ; egret hairy, (groundsel- 

 tree.) 

 B. Flowers radiate ; the ligulate ray-florets very manifest. [Receptacle naked.] 



Eri'geron. Calyx imbricate, sub-hemispherical; florets of the ray very 

 numerous and narrow; receptacle naked; egret double, outer minute, inner 

 hairy, of few rays. 



In'ula. Calyx imbricate, generally squarrose ; egret simple, scabrous, some- 

 times a minute, exterior, chaffy one ; anthers ending in 2 bristles at the base; 

 ray-florets numerous ; always yellow, (elecampane.) 



As"ter. Calyx imbricate, the inferior scales generally spreading ; egret sim- 

 ple, pilose ; receptacle often deep-pitted ; florets of the ray more than 10, except 

 in a few species; colour purple or white, never yellow, (star-flower.) 



Solida'go. Calyx oblong or sub-cylindric, with oblong, narrow, pointed 

 straight scales, imbricate, closed upon the flower ; ray-florets about 5, and fewer 

 than 10, lanceolate, 2-toothed, equal to, or shorter than, the calyx ; filaments 

 capillary, very short; style thread-form, equalling the length of the stamens, 

 stigma-cleft, spreading; egret simple, pilos-e, scabrous; receptacle furrowed 

 with dots or punctures ; seeds oblong, ovate ; yellow, (golden-rod.) 



Tussila'go. Calyx simple, swelling ; scales equa], and equalling the disk, 

 sub-membranous ; pistillate florets ligulate or without teeth ; egret simple, ses- 

 sile ; sometimes polygamous, (colt's-foot.) 



CHRysAN"THEMnM. Calyx hemispherical, imbricate, -with the scales membra- 

 nous at the margin; egret none, or a narrow margin, (ox-eyed daisy, fever- 

 few.) 



Bel"lis. Calyx hemispherical; scales equal; egret 0; receptacle conical; 

 seed ovate, (garden daisy.) Ex. 



Tage'tes. Calyx simple, 1-leafed, 5-toothed, tubular; florets of the ray about 

 5, permanent ; egrec 5 erect awns, (marygold.) Ex. 



Arni'ca. Calyx hemispherical, leafets equal, longer than the disk ; receptacle 

 naked ; egret simple, hairy ; florets of the my yellow, often destitute of anthers. 



Sene'cio. Calyx sub-cylindrip, equal, scaly at the base; scales withered at 

 the points ; receptacle naked ; egret simple ; rays sometimes wanting, (fire- 

 weed.) 



Bolto'nia. Calyx imbricate; rays numerous; receptacle conic, punctate; 

 seeds flat ; egret consisting of minutp bristles, -w^ith 2 elongated and opposite 

 bristles, (false chamomile.) 



Chrysop"sis. Calyx imbricated, ray-florets mostly yellow ; receptacle naked; 

 egret double; outer one chaffy, minute, inner one scabrous, many-raytd. S. 



Dahlia. See description of species. 



{Receptacle chaffy or hairy.] 



An"themis. Calyx hemispherical; scales with scarious margins, nearly 

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