62 CLASS XVIII. ORDER I. 



equal ; egret 0, or a membranous margia ; florets of the ray more than 5 ; recep- 

 lacle chaifs flat, with a rigid, acuminate apex ; seed crowned with a membra- 

 nous border or egret, (may-weed, chamomile.) 



Achille'a. Calyx imbricate, ovate unequal ; egret 0; florets of the ray 5 to 

 10, roundish, dilated ; flowers corymbed. (yarrow.) 



Heliop"sis. Calyx imbricate, with ovate linear lined scales ; ray-florets lin- 

 ear, large; receptacle chaffy, conic; the chaffs lanceolate ; seeds 4-sided; egret 0. 

 (sun-ray.) 



Hele'nium. Calyx 1-leafed, many-parted; egret 5-awned, chaffy leaves ; re- 

 ceptacle globose, naked in the disk, and chaffy in the ray only ; "florets of tiw; 

 ray half 3-cleft ; seedviUose; leaves decurrent. (false sunflower.) 



Verbesi'na. Calyx many-leaved; leafeis disposed in a double series; raj>^ 

 about 5; receptacle chaffy; egret awned. (crown-beard.) 



Zin"nia. Calyx ovate, cyiindric; rays 5, entire, permanent; receptaqc 

 chaffy; egret 2, erect awns." (blood marygold.) S. 



ORDER III. POLYGAMIA FRUSTRANIA. 



Helian"thcs. Calyx imbricate, sub-squarrose, leafy; receptacle flat, chafi^ ; 

 egret 2-leaved, chafi-like, caducous, (sunflower, Jerusalem artichoke.) 



Rud"eeckia. Calyx consisting of a double series of leafets or scales; rece^w 

 tacle chafly, conic ; egret a 4-toothed margin, or 0. (cQne-flower.) 



Bi'dens. Calyx sub-equal, leafy or scaly at the base ; rays often wanting ; 

 receptacle chaffy, flat ; egret of 2 or 4 awns ; seed quadrangular, (burr mary- 

 gold.) 



CoREOp"sis. Calyx double; each series many-leaved; the interior equal and 

 coloured; receptacle chaffy ; scales flat; seed compressed, emarginate. »S. 



Centah^rea. Calyx various, mostly imbricate, roundish ; egret simple, vari- 

 ous ; receptacle bristly ; corollas of the ray, funnel-shape, longer, irregular, 

 (blue-bottle, blessed thistle.) Ex. 



Actinome'ris. Calyx simple, many-leaved, foliaceous, sub-equal, remote, 

 elongated, 4 to 8; receptacle small, chaffy; seed compressed; margia crowned 

 with 2 persistent awns. 



ORDER IV. POLYGAMIA NECESSARIA. 



CALEN"Dcr.A. Calyx many-leaved, equal; receptacle naked; egret none; 

 seeds of the disk membranaceous, (pot marygold.) Ex. 



Silph"ium. Calyx squarrose, scales broad and leafy; receptacle chaffy ; seed 

 flat, obcirdate, emarginate, bidentate. 



Polym"nia. Calyx double, exterior 4 to 5-leaved ; interior 10-leaved ; leafets 

 concave; receptacle chaffy ; egret 0. 



FvA. Calyx about 5-parted; florets of the ray 5; receptacle having seeds 

 obovate, naked, (high-water shrub.) 



ORDER v. POLYGAMIA SEGREGATA. 



Elephan^'topcs. Partial calyx 4-flowered ; florets 5-cleft, ligulate, perfect ; 

 receptacle naked; down setaceous, (elephant-foot.) 



Echi'nops. Proper calyx 1-flowered ; corolla perfect, tubular ; receptacle setose, 

 (globe-thistle.) Ex. 



CLASS XVIII. GYNANDRIA. 



ORDER I. MONANDRIA. 



A. Anthers adnata, sub-tcrviinal, not caducous ; masses of pollen affixed by th£ 



base, and made up of angular particles. 



Or"chis. Corolla ringent-like, upper petal vaulted ; lip dilated, spurred be- 

 neath; masses of pollen 2, adnate, terminal, (orchis.) 



Haben.a'ria. Corolla ringent ; lip spurred at the base beneath; stipes of the 

 pollinia with naked and distinct glands ; cells of the stalks adnate, or separated. 



B. Anther parallel with the stigma, not caducous ; masses of pollen affixed to th6 

 svjmniil of the stigma, and made up of farinaceous or angular particles. 



Goody c'ra. Corolla ringent-like, the lower petals placed under the gibbous 

 lip, which is divided above ; style free ; constituent particles of the masses of 

 pollen angular. (raUlesnake-leaf, scrophula weed.) 



Neott"ia. Corolla ringent ; the 2 lower petals placed beneath the lip, which is 

 beardless; interior petals converging; style wingless; pollen farinaceous. 



