CLASS XIX. ORDER XII. 65 



filiate flowers : calyx 1-leafed, entire, or 5-loothed, l-flowered ; corolla 0; nut 

 covered with the indurated calyx, 1-seeded. (hog-weed.) 



ORDER VI. HEXANDRIA. 



Ziza'nia. Staminate and pistillate flowers mixed. Statninate flowers: calyx 0; 

 corolla-glume 2- valved, awned. Pistillate flowers : glume 2-valved, hooded, awn- 

 3d; style 2-parted; seed inverted in the plaited, glume-like corolla, (wild-rice.) 



Cocos. See specific description. 



ORDER XII. POLYANDRIA. 



A. stems not woody. 



Sagitta'ria. Staminate flowers : calyx 3-leaved ; corolla 3-petalled ; filaments 

 mo.stly 34. Pistillate flowers : calyx and corolla as in the staminate ; germs 

 many ; capsules aggregate, 1-seeded, not opening, (arrow-head.) 



Ar"um. Spatha ciicullate, 1-leafed; spadix not entirely covered with the 

 fructification ; being more or less naked above, with pistillate flowers beneath 

 and staminate in the middle, (sometimes a few are staminate beneath ; berry 

 mostly 1-seeded, generally cirrose glandular beneath.) (Indian, or wild tur- 

 nip, wakerobin.) 



Cal"la. Spatha ovate becoming expanded ; spadix covered with the fructifi- 

 cation ; stamens intermixed. Staminate flowers : calyx and corolla ; anthers 

 cessile. Pistillate flowers: calyx and corolla ; berries 1-celled, many-seeded, 

 crowned with the short style, (water-arum.) 



Pote'hium. Staminate flowers: calyx 4-leaved; corolla 4-paried ; stamens 30 

 to 50. Pistillate flowers : calyx and corolla like the staminate; pistils 2; berry 

 from the indurated tube of the corolla, (burnet.) 

 B. Stems woody. 



CIuer"cus. Staminate flowers: ament loose; calyx sub 5-cleft ; corolla 0; 

 stamens 5 to 10. Pistillate flowers : calyx l-leafed, entire, scabrous, being a 

 woody cup; style 1 ; stigma 2 to 5 ; nut or acorn 1-celled, 1-seeded, coriaceous, 

 surrounded at the base by the permanent calyx, (oak.) 



CoR^VLUs. Staminate flowers: ament cylindric, imbricate; calyx a 3-cleft 

 scale; pericarp none ; stamens about 8. Pistillate flowers: calyx 2-parted, laci- 

 niate; stigmas 2 ; nut ovate, surrounded by and included in the permanent leaf- 

 like calyx, (hazle-nut.) 



Fa'gus. Staminate flowers: ament roundish; calyx 5 or 6-cleft, bell-form; 

 stamens 5 to 12. Pistillate flowers : calyx 5-toothed, setose; germs 2; nuts 2, 

 enclosed in the calyx, becoming coriaceous, echinate. (beech.) 



Casta'nea. Polygamous. Staminate flowers: ament, and naked, linear; co- 

 rolla or calyx 1-leafed, 5 or 6-parted ; stamens 10 to '20. Pistillate flowers; caly.x 

 5 or 6-leaved, or 5 or 6-lobed, muricate; germs 3; nuts 3, with coriaceous puta- 

 men enclosed in the calyx, becoming echinate. (chestnut.) 



Be'tula. Staminate flowers: ament cylindric, imbricate; scales peltate, 3- 

 flowered ; stamens 10 to 12. Pistillate flowers: calyx a 2 or 3-flowered scale; 

 seed 1, winged, (birch.) 



Plat"anus. Ament globose. Staminate flowers: corolla none, or scarcely ap- 

 parent; anthers growing around the filaments. Pistillate flowers: calyx many- 

 leaved ; style with a recurved stigma; seed roundish, crowned with the mucro- 

 nate style, with egret-like hairs at the base, (button-wood, false sycamore.) 



Jug"lans. Staminate flowers: ament imbricate; calyx a scale, generally 5- 

 parted ; corolla 4 or 5-parted ; stamens 18 to, 36. Pistillate flowers : calyx 4-cleft, 

 superior ; corolla 4-cleft or 4-parted ; styles 1 or 2 ; drupe partly spongy ; nut 

 rugose and irregularly furrowed, (butternut, black-walnut.) 



CAR"yA. Staminate flowers : ament imbricate ; calyx of 3-parted scales ; co- 

 rolla 0; stamens 4 to 6. Pistillate flowers: calyx 4-cleft, superior; corolla 0; 

 styles 0; stigma disk-like, 4-lobed; pericarp 4-valved; nut sub-quadrangular, 

 even, (hickory, walnut.) 



LiauiDAM"BER. Staminate flowers : ament conical, surrounded by a 4-leaved 

 involucre; perianth none. Pistillate flowers : ament globose; perianth 1-leafed, 

 urceolate, 2-flowered ; styles 2 ; capsules 2, I-celled, many-seeded, (sweet 

 gum-tree.) S. 



Os"trya. Staminate flowers : ament cylindrical ; scales l-flowered ; perianth 

 0; filaments branched.. Pistillate flowers: ament naked; capsule inflated, im- 

 bricate, (iron wood.) 



