VOCABULARY. 



155 



flower, generally referring to the pe- 

 tals only. 



Antiscorbu'Lics. Substances which cure 

 eruptions. 



Apet'alous. (From a, without, and pet- 

 alum, a petal.) Havring no petals or 

 corollas; such flowers are termed 

 incomplete ; such as are destitute of 

 either stamens or pistils are called 

 imperfect. 



Apet'ala:. A class formed by some of 

 the ancient botanists, including plants 

 destitute of corollas. 



A'pex. The top or summit. 



Aphyl'lous. (Prom a, without, and fhyl- 

 toii, a leaf.) Destitute of leaves. 



Aphyl'Uc is the name given by an an- 

 cient botanist to a class of plants 

 without leaves, comprising garlic, 

 rush, mushrooms, &c. 



Apot/ie'cia. The fructifications of the 

 lichens. 



Appen'daged. Having bracts, thorns, 

 prickles, &c. 



Appres'scd. Closely pressed; as leaves 

 against the stem, &c. 



Approx'imale. Growing near each other. 



Ap'terous. Without wings. 



Aquat'ic. (From aqua, water.) Grow- 

 ing in, or near water. Aqiuitica: was 

 an ancient name for a class including 

 all plants which grow in water. 



Ar'bor. A tree ; a perennial plant, 

 which rises to a great height. JVIost 

 trees spring from seeds having two 

 cotyledons; they are therefore called 

 dicotyledonous plants. Tiie ancient 

 botanists divided plants into trees and 

 herbs; but this distinction is too vague 

 to form the basis of classification 



Arbo'reiis. Like a ti'ee. 



Arbusti'vus. (From arbustum, a shrub.) 

 An ancient class of plants contain- 

 ing shrubs; as the myrtle, mock-or- 

 ange (philadelp/ius,) &c. 



Arch'ed. Curving above, vaulted. 



Ar'cuatc. (From arcus, a bow.) Bent 

 like a bow. 



Arena' riiis. Growing in sand. 



Argcn'leus. Silver-coloured. 



Ar'id. Dry. 



A'ril, (anilus.) The external coat or 

 covering of seeds which, drying, falls 

 otf spontaneously. 



Aris'talc. (From areo, t(^ be dried.) 

 Av/ned, ending a bristle. 



Aro'ides. So called from arum. 



Arms, (arma.) Offensive weapons. 

 Plants are said to be armed, when 

 they are furnished with prickles, 

 thorns, &c. 



Aromal'ic. Sweet-scented. 



Aromal'ic(Z. The name ■ of a class of 

 Dioscorides, Clusius, Bauhin, and 

 34* 



some other botanists, who arranged 

 plants according to their virtues and 

 sensible qualities. 



Ar'row-form. Shaped like an arrow- 

 head, the hind lobes acute. 



Artic'ulatcd. Jointed ; as in the culm 

 or stem of the grasses. 



Arundlna'ceous (From Arundo, a 

 reed.) Resembling reeds. 



Arven'sis. Growing in cultivated fields. 



Ascend'ing. Rising from the ground 

 obliquely. 



Ascid'isate. Pitcher-form. From the 

 Greek askldion, a bottle or pitcher. 



Asperifo'Uus. Rough-leaved. 



Astrin'gents. Substances which con- 

 dense the fibres. 



Atteii'uated. Gradually diminished or 

 tapering. 



Auric'ulate. Having appendages re- 

 sembling ears. 



Awl-form. Sharp at the point, and 

 curved to one side. 



Awn. A short stiff" bristle 



Ax'll. The angle between a leaf and 

 stem on the upper side. 



A.z'illary. Growing out of the axils; 

 leaves are said to be axillary when 

 they proceed from the angle formed 

 by the stem and branch. 



Ax'is. The elongated part of a petiole, 

 upon which are attached many flow- 

 ers. A centre. A line, real or ima- 

 ginary, through any body. 



B 



Ba/ca. Aberry. It is a pulpy pericarp, 

 enclosing seeds without capsules. A 

 berry is said to be proper, when it is 

 formed of the pericarp or seed vessel ; 

 improper or singular, when it is form- 

 ed of any other parts. In the mul- 

 berry and rose, a large, fleshy and 

 succulent calyx becomes a berry. In 

 the strawberry, a berry is formed of 

 the common receptacle; in the rasp- 

 berry, of a seed. 



Baccif'erus. Bearing berries. 



Ban'iier. The upper petal in a papilio- 

 naceous flower. 



Barb. A straight process, armed with 

 teeth pointing backwards. 



Barba'tus. Bearded. 



Bark. The covering of vegetables, 

 consisting of .several parts ; as cuti- 

 cle, cellular integument, &c. The 

 bark consists of as many layers as 

 the tree on which it grows has years : 

 a new layer being formed from the 

 cambium, or from the alburnum, er- 

 ery year. The newest layer of bark 

 is called liber. 



Bar'ren. Producing no fruit; contain- 

 ing stamens only. 



