THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL. 



345 



advantage of the natural swarming 

 impulse, and if they are carefully 

 watched, and more sections given as 

 they are required, and no faster, 

 swarming for the season, so far as 

 this colony is concerned, will be no 

 more. 



No. 3 we will suppose now casts a 

 swarm. Go to No. 2 and arrange the 

 same as No. 1 was previous to hiving 

 No. 2 swarm into it, taking the two 

 frames of brood, minus the queen- 

 cells, and giving them to the nucleus 

 previously formed from No. 1 ; by this 

 process the nucleus is built up to a 

 full colony as swarming progresses, 

 when sections should be given them. 

 After No. 2 has been prepared the 

 same as No. 1, hive No. 3 into it. 



The above will suflBce to illustrate 

 the system which should be followed 

 through the apiary as swarming pro- 

 ceeds, until all have been so treated, 

 and the result will be, if the system 

 as here given is fully complied with, 

 a minimum increase of honey for the 

 market. 



FOUNDATION IN BKOOD-FRAMKS. 



Mr. Deisman — I do not want start- 

 ers in brood-frames. 



Mr. Bleasdale— I never have tried 

 starters.but I am going to experiment. 



J. I). Haggart — Foundation pays 

 well used in full sheets. 



Mr. Hutchinson— It depends upon 

 circumstances, which 1 have consid- 

 ered in my little book, " The Produc- 

 tion of Comb Honey." 



Mr. Ileddon— At the present price 

 of foundation, I am of the opinion 

 that it usually pays best to use full 

 sheets ; but there are no doubt times 

 and conditions when it is most profit- 

 able to use only starters, if the api- 

 arist knows how, and takes the time 

 to make the surrounding conditions 

 what they should be. 



Mr. Hains— Fill the frames ; it pays 

 best. 



MARKETING HONEY. 



Mr. Hutchinson — Put up extracted 

 honey in small packages, either tin or 

 glass; comb honey in pound sections, 

 in small crates. Sell to the consumer 

 if possible. 



E. Hanchett— Sell to your friends 

 and neighbors, and put it in packages 

 to suit them. 



Mr. Heddon— Manipulate the best 

 of sections in such a way a» to have 

 them come from the hive unsullied ; 

 clean them of all glue, and crate them 

 in one-story shipping-crates not hold- 

 ing more than 12 pounds each. The 

 selling depends upon the locality. 



Mr. Mason— Its preparation must 

 begin with its production. It must 

 be stored in white, smooth one-pound 

 sections, which must be kept neat and 

 clean. The different kinds of honey 

 must be kept separate. Separators 

 must be used to insure uniformity of 

 weights, and an even surface, giving 

 the honey a better appearance, and a 

 proportionate better price. Never 

 allow a section to go to market that is 

 not perfectly filled, and every cell 

 capped over ; and of all things, do not 

 market two colors of honey in one 

 section. 



Miss Dema Bennett, !Sec. 



For tne American Bee JoumaL 



ApproDriate Apicnltnral- Names. 



.1. F. LATHAM. 



The items and remarks on page 

 291, relative to a term by which honey 

 in its liquid and granulated condi- 

 tions may be properly designated, 

 seem to call for more than a passing 

 notice. Strained honey has been, 

 and very properly, banished from 

 apicultural parlance. But will the 

 word " liquid," when applied to 

 honey in all of its conditions out of 

 the comb, embody its true appella- 

 tion V Anything which will flow may 

 be termed " liquid." Would not the 

 phrase " liquTd water " be as applica- 

 ble when used to denote that element? 

 Congealed water is ice. Granulated 

 honey is sugar. Why not call honey 

 in its liquid and granulated condi- 

 tions " free honey ?" The word 

 "free," when used adjunctive with 

 honey, as an explicative, would not 

 admit of a qualifying sense as to 

 change, or iiwdUy. The term "free 

 honey" would mean honey, and no 

 twisting or prostitution of language 

 could mar its definition. When not 

 granulated, honey can be consistently 

 called "liquid;" and when crystal- 

 lized, it may as consistently be called 

 " granulated." 



Taking another step in advance, 

 the term " comb honey " does not 

 seem to truly describe honey in the 

 comb, but rather bears the aspect of 

 a misnomer— of a signification con- 

 veying a sense opposite to that usually 

 intended when applied to represent 

 honey as it is stored by the bees. 

 There is no sucli a substance as corah 

 honey. Honey, when confined in the 

 comb, as stored and sealed by the 

 bees, is no more or less than the pure 

 sweet that its name designates— nec- 

 tar gathered from nature's flora. 



" Honey-dew " is another misnomer 

 which deserves banishment from the 

 bee-keepers' vocabulary. To the in- 

 itiated the use of such terms as are 

 alluded to in the foregoing, may be 

 harmless, as the well-posted honey- 

 producer knows, or is supposed to 

 know, what he is talking about when 

 discussing such subjects; but to the 

 novice, their use by those who are 

 "looked to," has a misleading ten- 

 dency. 



Still another step along the same 

 line is another term that is applied to 

 a worker-bee that lays eggs. It can- 

 not be truthfully denied, but that a 

 worker-bee which deposits her eggs 

 in the cells of the comb is a laying 

 worker-bee ; but do the terms " lay- 

 ing worker " possess sufficient scope 

 from which a true comprehension of 

 her functions can be deduced V A 

 worker-bee can lay eggs, but they are 

 agamic in origin, and if I may be 

 allowed to add, functions. The same 

 may be said of an unfecundated 

 queen-bee, or old and defective 

 queens. Leaving queens out of the 

 list, it seems that the term "agamic 

 worker " would be more efficient when 

 applied to a worker-bee stimulated to 

 the habit, or impetus of egg-laying 



in compliance with the promptings of 

 a sympathetic desire to propagate its 

 kind, than that of " laying worker." 



Pushing a little further, I can coin 

 no reasons as to why the single term 

 — agami and its plural — will not com- 

 prise everything having reference to 

 the functions of the laying worker- 

 bee. 



Cumberland,? Me. 



Tor tbe American Bee Joumnt 



Damii Cellar for Bees, etc, 



WM. MALONE. 



Bees have wintered well in this 

 part of Iowa, as far as heard from. I 

 wintered 41 colonies in a very damp 

 cellar or cave, at a temperature of 

 from 40^ to 48'^, and the bees were the 

 most quiet at 40", with ventilators 

 closed. 



The bees came out in very excellent 

 condition on March 9 and 10, without 

 the loss of a colony, and as strong in 

 all appearance as when put in, on 

 Nov. 25, 1886. I could hardly see that 

 they had consumed any honey. They 

 commenced gathering honey and pol- 

 len from soft maple the next day after 

 being put out, and continued three 

 days, when a cold spell came, and 

 they dwindled considerably, so that I 

 lost 3 weak colonies ; but at present 

 my bees are in splendid condition. I 

 have young queens laying, and have 

 taken 125 pounds of fruit-blossom 

 honey ,and they have 300 or 400 pounds 

 sealed over ready to take ; but the 

 bees have stopped working, and so I 

 will have to stop taking honey from 

 them for the present. 



PROFITABLE PRODUCTION OF HONEY. 



I am satisfied that honey will have 

 to compete with other sweets before 

 we can sell any great quantity in our 

 home markets for " spot cash." If 

 we cannot realize the cash for our 

 honey, we had better devote our atten- 

 tion to something that will command 

 it. In my locality I can make more 

 money producing extracted honey 

 (that my neighbors say is good) at 

 even a less price than we now get for 

 it, than I can at any other business 

 that is open to me. Can I get the 

 cash for all I can produce at a lower 



grice at my apiary ? I believe I can. 

 ;ut shall I not interfere with some 

 other honey-producer in doing so V 

 This is an important question, and I 

 would like to have your opinion on it, 

 Mr. Editor, as well as others. 

 Newburn.J Iowa. 



[This is a legitimate question which 

 should be fully discussed at the forth- 

 coming convention this fall, at Chi- 

 cago. We prefer to leave it to the 

 decision of the giant minds which 

 will be there to give it a thorough in- 

 vestigation. Much can be said on 

 both sides— for " there are two sides 

 to every question," and this is no ex- 

 ception to the rule. We shall store 

 up our " powder " till then.— Ed.] 



