THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL. 



757 



W. Cowan, the distinguished editor of 

 the Britisk Bee Journal, who had 

 called on so many prominent apiarists 

 of the New World. The Professor 

 said that it bad never been his pleas- 

 ure to meet with one so familiar with 

 everything connected with bee-keep- 

 ing, and with every person of any 

 reputation as a bee-keeper. That in 

 the future, this visit of Mr. Cowan's 

 would often be referred to by those 

 who were so fortunate as to meet 

 him. as being one of the brightest 

 events occurring in the history of 

 progressive American apiculture. In 

 view of the many resulting benefits, 

 and the pleasant and profitable recol- 

 lections following such a visit, the 

 Professor moved that the thanks of 

 the society be tendered to Mr. Cowan 

 for his visit, and that he be elected an 

 honorary member of the " North 

 American Bee-Keepers' Society." The 

 motion was seconded and carried 

 unanimously. 



Immediately following the above 

 merited action of the convention in 

 regard to Mr. Cowan, and so appro- 

 priate, too, was another motion made 

 by Prof. Cook, relative to the Rev. L. 

 L. Langstroth, the honored Father of 

 improved bee-culture in America. 

 Mr. Cowan had told Prof. Cook that 

 of all the ingratitude from American 

 bee-keepers, the greatest was that 

 which had robbed Mr. Langstroth of 

 the rightful benefits resulting from 

 the invention of his movable-frame 

 hive ; and that consec[uently the 

 North American Bee-Keepers' So- 

 ciety could not do itself more honor, 

 and express its appreciation of his 

 efforts, than to forward a goodly 

 purse to Mr. Langstroth, who, in his 

 long-continued sickness, would re- 

 ceive it with such grateful apprecia- 

 tion. The Professor then moved that 

 a collection be taken up, and that it 

 be added to the amount remaining in 

 the treasury, after defraying all the 

 legitimate expenses of the convention, 

 the Secretary to be instructed to send 

 the whole to Mr. Langstroth, together 

 with expressions of sympathy from 

 the Society. This motion was unani- 

 mously carried. 



After a short recess. Prof. A. J. 

 Cook, Agricultural College, Mich., 

 gave a most interesting lecture on, 



The Legs of the Bee, 



which the Professor promises to write 

 out for publication as soon as possible. 

 A vote of thanks was given the Pro- 

 fessor for his lecture, after which the 

 meeting adjourned till 1:30 p.m. 



AFTERNOON SESSION. 



The convention was called to order 

 at 1:30, with President Miller in the 

 chair : 



Mr. Thomas G. Newman, of Chi- 

 cago, Ills., then gave the following ad- 

 dress on. 



The Best Name Tor Extrarled Honey. 



Eight years ago this Society passed 

 a resolution in favor of calling honey, 

 when taken from the comb, by this 

 cognomen—" Extracted Honey." 



Since then many efforts have been 

 made to change that name, but so far 

 these efforts nave been unavailing; 



and now the matter has been referred 

 to this Convention to decide whether 

 it shall be changed or not, and to me 

 your Secretary has assigned the open- 

 ing address on the subject. ' 



At the outset, let me say that there 

 is but one valid objection to the con- 

 tinued use of the present name, and 

 that is that there are so many " ex- 

 tracts " on the market, and some 

 think that " extracted honey " means 

 the " extract of honey "—not the real 

 thing I But only the wilfully ignor- 

 ant could come to such a conclusion. 



If we have a change we must make 

 it a sine qua non that the changed 

 name must be an ijiprovejient ! 

 Now let us look at all the names pro- 

 posed so far : 



Ex-comb honey, Loose honey, 



Comb-freed honey, Floramel, 

 .Separated honey, Honey, 

 Combless honey, Liquid lioney. 



Uncombed lioiify, Freed honey, 

 Divorced honey, Free honey. 



Centrifugal lioney, Slung honey, 

 Strained honey, Bulk honey, 



Expelled honey. Pressed honey, 



Cycloned honey, Honeyseini, 



Extricated honey. Pure honey, 

 Emitted honey. Nectar, 



Evolved honey. Drained honey. 



Extruded honey. Thrown honey. 

 Thrashed honey. Clear honey. 

 Quick drained honey, 

 Absolutely pure honey. 

 Honey out of the conib, 



Of all these 33 names not one is as 

 good as " extracted," and some are 

 perfectly preposterous. Nearly all 

 are indefinite, inelegant, uncertain, 

 unsuitable, and wholly inappropriate 

 —therefore, as we should be foolish to 

 make a change unless there is also an 

 improvement, to make any change I 

 think would be unwise. 



When honey is candied, what a mis- 

 nomer it would be to call it liquid 

 honey ! I 



Just fancy calling it cycloned 

 honey, or thrashed honey I 



Two questions are to be propound- 

 ed to this Convention in this matter, 

 and as a jury it is to decide : 



1. Is it desirable to make a change 

 in the name of honey when it is re- 

 moved from the comb ? and the other 

 is : 2. If so, what shall that name be ? 



I propose that these questions be 

 put to vote after a full discussion, and 

 that the decision shall be final. 



Thomas Q. Newsian. 



It was unanimously voted that no 

 more appropriate name for " extracted 

 honey '' can be selected than its pres- 

 ent one. 



The Secretary then read an essay 

 from Mr. J. 11. Martin, of Hartford, 

 N. Y., entitled. 



Coat or tlie Production of Honer- 



In computing the cost of production, 

 figures should show the cost for sev- 

 eral years. I find that the cost of 

 production, in my bee-yards, has 

 varied from 2 cents to -50 cents per 

 pound. I inventory my bees at $5 per 

 colony. 



In 1886 I had 200 colonies valued at 

 SLOOO; and empty combs, hives, fix- 

 tures, etc., $300. Interest at 6 per 

 cent.. $78 ; hired help, rent of apiary, 

 etc., $72. My o-rtj labor five months, 



at $30, $150— total expenses, $300. I 

 secured 10,000 pounds of honey, at a 

 cost of 3 cents per pound. 



In 1883 my yield was 16,000 pounds 

 from 160 colonies, and the cost per 

 pound was 2 cents. In 1882 my yield 

 from 100 colonies was 200 pounds, 

 with expenses of SlOO, or equal to 50 

 cents per pound as the cost of produc- 

 tion. This year the yield is $6,000 

 pounds, at a cost of 4 cents per pound. 



Taking the average for a longer 

 series of years, the cost of production 

 would be 5 cents per pound. The 

 above figures are for extracted honey. 



I count my time at five months, for 

 during the remainder of the year a 

 bee-keeper may turn his attention to 

 something else, i. e., unless he is pro- 

 ducing comb honey, when, if he pre- 

 pares his own crates, sections, etc., 

 three months more time should be 

 added, and 50 per cent, should be 

 added to the cost, making the cost of 

 comb honey at least 10 cents per 

 pound. 



One of my out-apiaries has the fol- 

 lowing showing for this season. It 

 contained 50 colonies,and was worked 

 for extracted honey. Expenses, $40 ; 

 honey produced, 2,200 pounds; cost 

 1 6-7 cents per pound. 



I find that each year I can drop 

 some of my old appliances and take a 

 less number of steps. I think that an 

 expert ought to manage 300 colonies 

 if in one yard, with little or no help. 



The apiarist having surplus combs 

 for every colony, and working for ex- 

 tracted honey, making only a mod- 

 erate increase, can handle a large 

 amount of honey with ease. 



To get the best profits from bee- 

 keeping, but little help should be em- 

 ployed, and fixtures used to facilitate 

 rapid manipulations. The bee-keeper 

 should keep just ahead of the bees, 

 and not spend much time talking to 

 book-agents. J. H. Martin. 



After the reading of the above, an 

 essay by Mr. G. M. Doolittle, of Bor- 

 odino, N. Y"., was read as follows : 



Honey Prodnctlon— Its First Cost, 



and Ho^v much the Bee-Keeper 



Should Obtain for his Labor. 



Many seem to suppose that an api- 

 arist is entitled to no more pay than 

 the man who cuts wood, carries the 

 hod, or breaks stone upon the high- 

 way—men whose working value is 

 about $1.25 per day. If this be true, 

 whence is the bee-keeper to receive 

 compensation for sleepless nights 

 passed in forming plans to be carried 

 out in the apiary during days of toil 

 in the hot sun, only perhaps to find 

 failure at the end, and the whole 



f round must be gone over again ? 

 'here are doubtless some before 

 whom this essay is read, who have 

 spent more hours, days, weeks and 

 years studying bee-keeping than the 

 most noted lawyer or physician ever 

 spent over their calling ; and yet 

 there are some of our numbers who 

 are so insane as to think the bee- 

 keeper can afford to work for the 

 same wages as the hod-carrier— one 

 who has probably never spent an 

 hours thought upon his profession. 



