1871 



THE WESTERN POMOLOGIST 



83 



Fig. 3. 



Vineyard IVork for march. 



By the Associate Editor. 



Everything should, be ready for the vineyard as this is a very busy month with the vineyardist. 



Vines not previously pruned should be attended to at once, before they commence to bleed. Cuttings 



can still be made ; they 



should be cut about eight 



or ten inches long and set ^''''I'WWI^iSlWV \ IIKiT /W/i) 



as soon as the ground is 



open; but to insure thei 



growing they should be 



set in rich, well-pulverized 



soil, so firmly that they 



can scarcely be with- 

 drawn. 



Grafting must be at- 

 tended to as early as the 



frost leaves the ground. 



You should cleft graft 



below the Slurface of the 



ground — all the directions 



for which with diagrams 



were given in Vol. 1. For 



the convenience of new 

 subscribers not in posses- 

 sion of that volume, we 

 will re-produce all the par- 

 ticulars there given, with 

 the diagram : 



To succeed well the 

 stocks should be at least 

 two years old. Talje the 

 earth away from around 

 them about four inches 

 deep, and cut the vines oft" 

 at a clean smooth place 

 about two inches below 



the surface of the ground. They should be grafted 

 soon after cut off and not exposed to the wind, 

 sun or air long. 



It not immediately grafted cover them over with 

 earth until you are ready. Cut the top of the stoclc 

 smooth and then peel off all the loone htn-k (leaving 

 none but the inner, thin bark) around the stock as 

 low down as the graft goes ; split, or rather 

 cut the stock by holding the knife (which 

 should be straight on the edge) nearly 

 perpendicular on the side you wish to 

 insert the graft, and strike it gently with a light 

 mallet until you cut it deep and low enough to set 

 the graft, but be very careful not to cut througli to 

 the opposite side ; then with a very narrow iron 

 wedge, thickest on the outside, drive it gently 

 until you open the stock wide enough to set the 

 graft, but not so as to split it through to the oppo- 

 site side. If the stock is small use small or thin 

 cions, cut them with two or three buds if short- 

 jointed, (if scarce, one bud will do provided there 



Fig. 1, 

 Fig. i. 

 Pig. 3. 



EXPLANATION TO ILLUSTRATION. 



A graft natural size and length sloped ready to insert. 



Manner of splittin.e block. Kbowing knife drove full depth. 



Graft inserted and Ihe earth removed. E to C showing the outer bark taken off 



the stock and cion as far as inserted; D showing the. earth line when filled up and 



completed. 



is length of wood below the bud of two or more 

 inches) ped nil the loose bark off) leave none but the 

 thin inner bark) on the end so far as inserted in 

 the stock ; wedge the graft so it will be the thickest 

 on the outside to e.vactly fit the split and match the 

 stock ; place the graft in firmly so when the wedge 

 is removed the stock will hold it securely without 

 tying, with the greater pressure on the outside of 

 the graft (use no wax). If the stock should split 

 through, cut it off and try again ; if careful, this 

 will .«eldom happen ; pack the earth around the 

 graft firmly and let but one bud be level with the 

 .surface (never below) ; if too high, mound up to 

 the bud. In case you cannot cut off under the 

 ground, the graft nau be inserted above, using the 

 same length eiou, and bank up the earth firmly to 

 the upper bud. 



It sometimes happens in old wild vines, as well 

 as those cultivated, that the roots branch out at or 

 near the .surface of the ground. In such instances 

 were we to cut them off below the surface roots we 



