6 The Western Pomologist and Gardener. 1872 



thy and productive as any trees in Iowa. Have one English Morello on Mahaleb about the 

 same age. This cherry does much better on tlie Mahaleb than on any other stock. I have- 

 a cherry orchard of about one hundred and fifty trees just coming into bearing — about 

 one hundred of them Early Richmond, one half worked on Morello, the other half oni 

 Mahaleb, a few on Mazard. From my experience with this cherry (Early Richmond), I 

 should say that in IMs locality it will give better satisfaction the "long run" on Mahaleb 

 than on Morello. Can find plenty of trees that we set out years ago, and that have been 

 bearing for the last ten years, and giving such satisfaction that when the farmers come to 

 buy cherry trees in the spring, they generally ask for " the kind that don't sprout." 



I have not had as much experience with the Richmond on the Mazard as on Mahaleb 

 though we have them on the former stock in bearing, and they promise to do as well as 

 any we have. For nursery purposes, however, I shall use the Mahaleb, as I know this is 

 all right in this section. My father knows of one tree (Richmond) on the College Farm 

 on Mahaleb, about twelve years old, that pioduces well. The Mazard and Mahaleb both 

 grow very late in the fall, and frequently the tops will kill. They should be banked up 

 the same as one year old apple grafts. We bud in the fall, then bank up, examine in spring 

 and if any buds have not taken, graft the stock at the ground. In all cases bud or graft as 

 close to the ground as practicable, and when transplanted, the trees should be planted so 

 deep that the stock will be some inches under ground. 



I have the Gov. Wood and some other varieties of the better, but tenderer varieties 

 of cherries in bearing in my orchard. I think I have hit upon a plan of raising some of 

 these fine varieties without any trouble, but will wait a few years longer, and if I am suc- 

 cessful will let the trees and fruit speak for themselves. 



P. 8. I have been experimenting for three years with the White thorn as a pear stock 

 and will tell you what I have learned about it at another time. 



The Pear and its Culinre-«In tliree numbers. --No. 1. 



By The Corresponding Editob. 



The pear, as a fruit for luxury or for commercial purposes, has not been, until recently, 

 cultivated to any considerable extent. Although known and described many long centu- 

 ries since, yet it is comparatively a fruit of recent introduction. 



Since the revolution brought about, principally in France, by working the Pear on the 

 Quince stock, thereby rendering the tree of dwarf habit, it has come to be a fruit almost 

 universally sought after and planted. The Pear, among all of the large tree-fruits of tem- 

 perate climates, is certainly the most luscious, not even excepting the finest Peach. There 

 are very few palates, indeed, that do not relish with greatest pleasure the flavor of a well- 

 ripened Pear, especially such as the Seckle, the Bartlett, or the White Doyenne. These, 

 to say nothing of other varieties, when well ripened in the fruit room, are universally 

 acknowledged to have the highest perfection of flavor. 



As an article of commerce, they command the highest prices in the market of any other 

 fruit in their season, and to those who have turned their attention to the cultivation of 

 this fruit especially, they have yielded a rich revenue. All that is now necessary to 

 make them almost universally sought after and planted, is to understand properly the 

 cultivation of the trees, and the proper care and management of the fruit. To these last 

 two points we propose to devote the remaining pages of this paper. 



Cultivation of the trees. The Pear tree is one of long life, of very large size, and of 

 abundant bearing in its native country and natural condition. When and wherever 

 it shall fail in either of the above conditions, such failure must result from some one 

 or more of the following causes: 



First. — From uucongeniality of soil. 



Second. — From fickleness of the climate. 



third. — From want of adaptation between the cion and the stock. 



