98 The Western Pomologist and Gardener. 1872 



Reliablk Fruit List for Nebraska. — At the last meeting of the Nebraska State 

 Horticultural Society the committee on fruits for general cultivation reported the follow- 

 ing as reliable : 



Apjdes. Raule's Jannctte, Bufflngton's Early, Early Harvest, Early Joe, Red Astrachan, 

 Duchess of Oldenburg, Red June, Early Red, Hocking, Cooper's Earl)', Drap d' Or^ 

 Fameuse, Gabriel, American Summer Pearmain, Fall Orange, Autumn Swaar, Red 

 Detroit, Northern Spy, Wine Sap, -White Winter Pearmain, Swaar, Gravenstein, Smith's 

 Cider, Rome Beauty, Sweet Nonesuch, Fall Wine, Golden Sweet, Roman Stem, Esopus- 

 Spitzenburg, Winter Wine, William's Favorite, Vandivere, Domine, Grimes' Golden, 

 Willow Twig, Ben Davis, Fulton. Transcendent and Hyslop Crabs give entire satisfac- 

 tion in their line. 



Pears. Bartlett, Seckel, Bloodgood, Tyson, White Doyenne, Duchess d' Angouleme 

 Louise Bon de Jersey, Flemish Beauty, Howell, Oswego Beurre, Lawrence, Beurre 

 Gifford, Easter Beurre, Glout Morceau, Beurre Die!, Belle Lucrative, Bufium, Vicar of 

 Winktield. 



Gooseberries. Houghton's Seedling and the Whitesmith. 



Ornpes. Concord, Delaware, Catawba, Norton's Virginia, lona, Israella, Ives, Rogers' 

 No. 15, 19, and Salem. 



Currants. Red and White Dutch are reliable. Versailles, White Grape and Prince 

 Albert have done well. 



New Mode of Grafting. — A correspondent of the Oardeners' Monthly, speaks of a- 

 new mode of grafting, thus : "I use a knife-blade, one-fourth inch broad, with which I 

 make a stab obliquely into the side of a large limb or body of the tree, passing into the 

 wood and between the wood and the bark, as near as I can, so that when the knife is 

 pushed in as fiir as 1 design, it is hid by the bark about an inch and a quarter, and the 

 bark very little broken or cracked, except in a very large tree. The graft is so sharpened 

 that it slips in where the knife came out, and just fits with the slope mostly on the sida 

 next the tree. The cut being oblique, the perpendicular fiber of bark binds the graft 

 tight. The inner bark of the tree and graft has abundant opportunity to unite all along 

 the sloping side of the graft and next to the wood of the tree, and as the whole end of 

 the graft is entirely covered, there is no place for evaporation. A little wax is used 

 to make sure the tightness of the union." 



Scab on Apples — Cause. — At the last meeting of the Uliuois State Horticultural Soci- 

 ety, Mr. Hull stated that he felt certain in his own mind that the Alphis IMali was the 

 cause of the scab, and that we should certainly be successful in curing the defect by kil- 

 ling the cause. Mr. Riley, State Entomologist of Missouri, concurred in the opinion 

 expressed by Dr. Hull, although he could not offer any corroborative fiicts from personal 

 observation. The sucking of the fruit by the louse, aided by the fungus growth may be- 

 the proper source from which this scabbiness sprung. The lice ref>.rred to hatch very" 

 early, and to a great extent disappear before the flowers are out. Yet enough undoubt- 

 edly remain to do the work. 



Consumption of French Wines in England. — Mr. T. G. Shaw, in a letter to the 

 Times, of December 13th, says that "during the ten years previous to the reduction of the 

 duties in 1860, the annual average consumption of French wines in this country was. 

 about one glass for each person, and it is now one bottle, the increase from 1859 to the 

 end of 1870 being from 695,913 to 4,157,373 gallons, and will this year be nearly a million 

 more. The increase is great, but our population has increased above three millions, and 

 our wealth probably 50 pei»cent." 



Preserving Stakes. — A correspondent of the Country Gentleman says : " Some 

 twelve years ago, I had some stakes fu' nursery made of pine inch boards, three inches 

 ■wide, sharpened to a point, and then boiled tor a short time in a solution of blue vit- 

 riol, and they are lying around in the field now as sound as the day they were made; 

 ■while grape stakes, coal tarred, do not last much longer than when left without." 



