446 



AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL. 



Queries ajid Replies. 



Pnrlly of Italian Drones, 



QuEEY 759. — Will queens reared from 

 pure Italians, and mated with black 

 drones, produce pure Italian drones ? 

 — Mc. 



Yes. — M. Mahin. 

 Yes. — H. D. Cutting. 



Yes. 

 Yes. 



-Eugene Secor. 

 -Dadant & Son. 



Yes. — Mrs, L. Harrison. 



I say, yes. — James Heddon. 



Practically, yes. — C. C. Miller. 



Comparatively, but not absolutely, 

 pure. — A. B. Mason. 



Some writers say not. I believe, how- 

 ever, that they do. — J. M. Hambaugh. 



Those best qualified to judge say that 

 the drones will be pure. — E,. L. Taylor. 



Theoretically they do ; but the prac- 

 tice and the theory do not agree. — G. L. 

 Tinker. 



They will not ; as can be readily as- 

 certained by mating such drones and 

 pure Italian queens. — C. H. Dibbern. 



The question has been debated. Ac- 

 cording to the law of parthenogenesis, 

 the drones would be pure Italians. — J. 

 P. H. Brown. 



Enough so for all practical purposes 

 in an apiary worked for honey ; but not 

 absolutely pure, according to my way of 

 thinking. — G. M. Doolittle. • 



It is claimed they will, but I am one of 

 the doubters. There is not room in this 

 column to give my reasons, but they will 

 be found in back numbers of the bee- 

 periodicals. — J. E. Pond. 



According to the best entomological 

 deductions, a pure blooded queen should 

 produce pure males of her own race, no 

 matter what her mating might be. But 

 during my long experience as a bee- 

 student and queen-breeder, I have ob- 

 served some things that leads me to be- 

 lieve that the mating of a pure queen 

 does effect her male progeny, which will 

 show in a practical way whether we can 

 understand it or not. — G. W. Demaree. 



According to the theory of parthe- 

 nogenesis, a pure queen will produce 



pure drones, no matter what her mating 

 may have been. There are some who 

 dispute this, however, and they give 

 good reasons for their position. — The 

 Editor. 



Deep or snallow Frames. 



Query 760. — What are the main ad- 

 vantages of the Simplicity frame over 

 one of square build, like the American 

 or Adair ? My own inclination is towards 

 the latter, since the queen lays in a 

 circle, and also in wintering, a brood- 

 chamber 12x13x12 inches would give 

 some 7 cubic inches less to keep warm 

 than one 18x12x10 inches. I winter 

 my bees on the summer stands. — Va. 



I prefer a shallow frame. — M. Mahin. 



I prefer a large surface on which to 

 pat supers, and I like to be in the fash- 

 ion. — C. C. Miller. 



Ask Father Langstroth, A. I. Root, or 

 some hive maker, for " I don't know." 

 — Mrs. L. Harrison. 



No advantage unless more use them. I 

 prefer Langstroth frames, because more 

 use them, else I like square frames the 

 best. — A. J. Cook. 



For the South, a frame embracing a 

 parallelogram, like the Langstroth, is 

 the best shape. But I have used closed- 

 end frames since 1871. — J. P. H. 

 Brown. 



It now seems pretty well established 

 that a two-story hive of shallow frames, 

 7 or 8 inches deep, is safer in out-door 

 wintering than any deep frame. — G. L. 

 Tinker. 



They are more easily taken out and 

 put in the hive, less liable to break down 

 in hot weather, or in moving, and the 

 brood is nearer the surplus receptacles. 

 — J. M. Hambaugh. 



Various methods of management re- 

 quire different styles of frames. While 

 many prefer the Simplicity, others would 

 not use it, and are successful with the 

 deep frame. — H. D. Cutting. 



Your queens do not always do what is 

 best. Death and failure are as natural 

 as life and success, and just as com- 

 monly met with. The sliallow frame 

 most conserves the warmth of the colony 

 in W^inter. — James Heddon. 



In Spring, queens do not lay in a circle 

 on account of the cold of the lower part 

 of the comb ; in Winter, the provisions 



