JOS farmers' and mechanics' journal. 



the plummer-block, where the shaft of the sunk spur-wheel ter- 

 minates, and the said plummer-block supports the other extremity 

 of the axle of the pinion. On that axle a flj-wheel is placed. 

 Another wheel of a very simple construction is placed on the shaft 

 behind the sunk spur-wheel. 



Oil the border of each of these wheels are placed two equal 

 weights of a certain weight — the one opposite the other, and so 

 fixed as to balance each other exactly. 



The parts of the machine properly calculated and made accord- 

 ing to the above direction, the action and re-action of the two 

 wheels lend an equal power to both ; and the fly-wheel, acting as 

 an excitative of both the powers, propels the machine alone. 



If, in the place of the wheel which is placed behind the sunk 

 spur-wheel, we substitute a pedal water-wheel with weights proper 

 to both, for the purpose of opposing a resistance to the column of 

 water which the pedal embraces, it will require but a small power 

 to turn it — and in the same way, mutatis mutandis, it may be ap- 

 plied to all mechanical operations. 



AGRIOUJ^TURE. 



HORSES. 



[Continued from page 65.] 



Sir, — I will now make a few remarks upon the treatment of a 

 Horse kept for his work. 



1. As to whether he should ever be turned out. It was once 

 the received opinion of English sportsmen, that he should be pe- 

 riodically brought back to what some people considered his natu- 

 ral state, turned out to grass, deprived of his corn and his shelter 

 from the weather. Hunters consequently, excepting those of a 

 few sagacious individuals, were regularly turned to grass to shift 

 for themsfilves in the summer. This system has been, of late 

 years, attacked by a very powerful and classical writer, who as- 

 serts, that to perform the work of an English hunter, the horse's 

 strength must be vastly increased upon nature by a long uninter- 

 rupted course of high keep in the stable, to turn him out, is not 

 only to expose him to ruin from taking cold, but to throw away all 

 his acquired strength. The continued summer-rest of a hunter, 

 which a horse not exposed to the same exertions does not require, 

 he says, can be taken in a small enclosure at home, the dampness 

 of the earth can be supplied by standing in wet clay, some hours 

 every day, and the grass, if he must have it, can be put into his 

 crib. The ultra-stabulist has completely triumphed, and convinc- 

 ed the English nation, that where a horse is kept ten months of the 

 3'ear in a heated atmosphere, to sleep upon the damp ground, in a 

 variable climate, the remaining two can do him no good whatever. 

 In our cities, when a horse gets weak or lame, who is used to a hot, 

 dry stable, perhaps to being clothed, with a plethoric system beg- 

 ging for diseases of the lungs and throat, incalculably less accus- 

 tomed to the night air than the generality of men, he is sent intq 



