NEW ENGLAND FARMER. 



until it is ' done,' it will become harder and have less 

 taste, than if the same piece has been thrown into 

 ■water already boilini^. In the tirst case, the matters 

 grateful to the smell and taste go into the extract 

 — the soup ; in the second, the albumen of the meat 

 coagulates from the surface inward, and envelops 

 the interior with a la^'or which is impregnable to 

 water. In the latter case, the soup will be indiffer- 

 ent, but the meat delicious." — Maine Farmer. 



jDoiis' ^Department. 



To Young Men*. — There is no moral object so 

 beautiful to nre as a conscientious young man. I 

 Avatch him as a star in the heavens : clouds may be 

 before him, but we know that his light is behind 

 them, and will beam again ; the blaze of others' 

 popularity may outshine him, but we know that, 

 though not seen, he illuminates his own true sphere. 

 He resists temptation not without a struggle, for 

 that is not virtue ; but he does resist and conquer ; 

 he hears the sarcasm of the profligate, and it stings 

 him, for that is the trial of virtue, but heals the 

 wound with his own pure touch. Ho heeds not the 

 watchword of fashion ; it leads to sin : the atheist, 

 who says not only in his heart, but with his lips, 

 " There is no God ! " controls him not ; he sees the 

 hand of a creating God, and rejoices in it. 



Woman is sheltered by fond arms and loving 

 counsel ; old age is protected by its experience, and 

 manhood by its strength ; but the young man stands 

 amid the temptations of the world like a self-bal- 

 anced tower ; hapj^y he who seeks and gains the 

 prop and shelter of morality. 



Onward, then, conscientious youth ! raise thy 

 standard and nerve thyself for goodness. If God 

 has given thee intellectual power, awaken it in that 

 cause : never let it be said of thee, " He helped to 

 swell the tide of sin, by pouring his influence into its 

 channels." If thou art feeble in mental strength, 

 throw not that droji into a polluted current. Awake, 

 rise, young man ! assume the beautiful garb of virtue ! 

 It is fearfully easy to sin ; it is diflicult to be pure 

 and holy. Put on the strength, then ; let truth be 

 the lady of thy love — defend her. — Southern Rose. 



Cjmltl). 



Ventilatiox. — Good ventilation is nowhere more 

 important, although nowhere more neglected, than in 

 our bed-chambers. The bad eff"ect of sleeping in 

 small and close rooms has been often mentioned ; to 

 which we may likewise add, that of having thick 

 curtains drawn close round the bed, which confine 

 the air that has been exhaled, surrounding us with 

 an impure atmosphere. Provision should be made 

 for a continual change of air in the apartment during 

 the night, by the escape of the heated and foul air, 

 and the introduction of cool and fresh air. The first 

 may be efl'ectcd by some aperture at the top of the 

 room ; perhaps keeping the top sash open for about 

 an inch may be sufilcient : of course, care must be 

 taken that the fresh air brought in at the top of the 

 room shall not act as a draught, striking upon the 

 bed, but that it enters by small apertures, and dif- 

 fuses itself as quickly as possible ; and likewise that 

 there may be the means of regulating the quantity 

 according' to circumstances. If the temperature of 

 the fi-esh air can be regulated, it will be better. 



A little apparatus for ventilating a bed-chamber in 

 the night, invented by the Marquis de Chabannes, 

 though not very effectual for a large room, is perhaps 



worth mentioning for a small one. It consists of a 

 little box, or enclosure of tin or other metal, having 

 an opening in front, in which may bo placed a small 

 lamp. The upper part, or flue, is to be inserted in 

 the wall, on the chimney breast, and is to go quite 

 into the flue of the chimney. The air which the 

 lamj^ requires for combustion will thus pass into the 

 flue, occasioning fresh air to rush into the room to 

 supply its place. This machine is, in fact, a little 

 chimney, in which the lamp is the fire. It should be 

 placed near the toj) of the room. 



It is highly desersdng of attention, that although 

 we never use fires without flues, yet we very ab- 

 surdly have long continued to burn lamps of consid- 

 erable size, which are, in fact, so many fires, in the 

 middle of our apartments, even when small, without 

 the least attempt to carry ofl" the burnt air which 

 they are constantly generating. No wonder, then, 

 that the air, in such places, is often felt to be oppres- 

 sive : it is, indeed, extremely unwholesome. — Cyclo- 

 pmcUa of Domestic Econom,y. 



iUccljanics' ^Department, ^rts, $Ct. 



An Ink-supplvixg Pen-Holder. — A desidera- 

 tum, which has for the last twenty years baffled the 

 skill of a host of inventors, has just been produced, 

 with complete success, by Conant and Co., of this city. 

 The article is made of pure silver, in size no larger 

 than a common pencil-case. By touching a spring, 

 the ink is let on the pen at the pleasure of the wri- 

 ter, dispensing entirely with the use of the inkstand. 

 It is said that twenty pages of letter paper, or four 

 thousand words, may be written by once filling the 

 holder. The article, being adapted to a gentleman's 

 pocket or lady's reticule, will be found of great ser- 

 vice to the travelling public, and all who wish to bo 

 provided with pen and ink at an instant's notice. — 

 Boston Evening Journal, 



Artificial Stone. — The following is an article in 

 the London Times of March, 1848 : " A process 

 has been patented by which artificial stone, of every 

 quality, maj' be produced, from artificial granite to 

 statuary marble. This invention is, from its cheap- 

 ness, a great advantage for the purposes of architec- 

 tural decoration, and, from its plastic nature before it 

 becomes hard, of great service to sculptors in taking 

 casts of statues, busts, &c., and even of figures of 

 the size of life. The cost is, in all cases where carv- 

 ing is required in stone, in which this composition is 

 substituted, less by nine tenths. The invention is 

 founded on the chemical analysis of the natural 

 varieties of stone, and the manufacture is capable 

 of such modifications as are requisite to produce all 

 the varieties. The artificial stone produced is les3 

 absorbent than natural stone, and is superior in 

 compactness of texture, and will resist frost, damp, 

 and the chemical acids. It is made of flints and 

 silicious grit, sand, &c., rendered fluid by heat, and 

 poured into moiilds as required, till cool and hardened. 

 Its strength and solidity enable it to resist more 

 blows than real stone. The specimens of the inven- 

 tion, which are now to be seen at the office of the 

 works, No. 6 John Street, Bedford Row, are exceed- 

 ingly curious. They consist of many varieties, some 

 being plain pieces of coping stone, stones for variegated 

 pavement for halls and rooms, stone ornaments, such 

 as mouldings for friezes, finials, and some more 

 elaborate, having flowers and devices apparently cut 

 with a chisel. There are also some grindstones, 

 and hones used by agricultural laborers for sharpen- 

 ing scythes and tools. The invention is also appli- 



