NEW ENGLAND FARiMEK. 



163 



)ther will not ; and in this lies the difficulty of 

 he explanation ; we clearly find a particular 

 kindliness or pleasantness in the teel of the one 

 much superior to the other, by which we learn 

 that the one will make fat, and the other not so 

 fat ; and in this a person of judgment, and in 

 nmctice, is very seldom mistaken. 1 shall only 

 make one more remark, which is, that though 

 one animal will make remarkably fat, and the 

 other will scarcely improve at all, with the same 

 keeping; yet between these extremes are num- 

 berless gradations, which the complete judge 

 can distinguish with wonderful precision." 



Sir John Sinclair observes, that '^ Handling 

 cannot easily be defined, and can only be learnt 

 bv experience. The skin and liesh of cattle, 

 when handled, should feel soft to the touch, 

 somewhat resembling that of a mole, but with 

 a little more resistance to the tiiiger. A sot't 

 and mellow skin mast be more pliable, and more 

 easily stretched out to recover any extraordina- 

 ry quantity of fat and muscle, than a thick and 

 tough one. The rigid-skinned animal, must, 

 therefore, always be most diflicult to fatten. In 

 a good sheep, the skin is not only soft and mel- 

 low, but in some degree elastic. Neither cat- 

 tle nor sheep can be reckoned good, whatever 

 (heir shapes may be, unless they are first rate 

 handlers." 



DIRF.CTIONS FOR BF.f OVERING DROWNTD PERSONS. 



The following directions have been published 

 by the Dublin Humane Society : — 



" What thou doest, do quickly^ 



1. Convey the body carefully, with the head 

 a Ulde raised to the nearest convenient house. 



2. Strip and dry the body ; clean the mouth 

 and nostrils. 



From tlie New York American. 

 Bulter — Russian mode of Making — .? .Yea; Dis- 

 coverij. 

 Sir— Observing in your paper last evening, a 

 communication from Mr. Hugh Hartshorn* to .1. 

 S. Skinner, Esq. on the subject of making I.uttcr 

 in Winter, 1 beg leave to furnish a few particu- 

 lars on that subject, as practised in Russia, since 

 the year 181G, and which, may perhaps, be of 

 some service to those who may he induced to 

 make the experiment, either in Summer or Win- 

 ter. Being in that country in the year 1817, I 

 was informed by a Russian Nobleman that the 

 proprietor of an extensive estate (also a Noble- 

 man of high rank) had discovered a new mode 

 of making Butter, and had received letters pa- 

 tent from the Emperor as a reward for the dis- 

 covery, and which ho stated as being at thai 

 time in full and successful operation. The pro- 

 cess consisted in boiling (or rather that species 

 of boiling called simmering) the milk for the 

 space of fifteen minutes in its sweet state — oli- 

 serving at the same time not to use sufficient 

 heat to burn the milk; it is then churned in the 

 usual manner. He also stated that no difficulty 

 ever occurred in procuring Butter immediately, 

 and of a quality far superior to that made from 

 milk which had undergone vinous fermentation ; 

 and that, in addition to its superior flavour, it 

 would preserve its qualifies much longer than 

 that made in the ordinary mode ; that the addi- 

 tional advantages were, that the milk, being left 

 sweet, is possessed of almost the same value for 

 ordinary purposes, and by some was considered 

 more healthy, as they supposed the boiling or 

 scalding to destroy whatever animalcule it may 

 have contained. 



If the above process should upon experiment 

 prove of suflicient imjiortance, so as to bring it 

 into general use, particular!}' in the winter, if 



3. An adult lay the body on a bed or blanket Ly^^i J .j^^ ^^ ^^ ,j,g advantage ofthose who 



near the tire or in a warm chamber ; if in the 

 summer, expose it to the sun. 



4. A child ; place it between two persons in 

 a warm bed. 



5. Kub the body gently with ^annc/, sprink- 

 led with spirits. 



6. Restore breathing by introducing the pipe 

 of a bellows (where the apparatus cannot be im- 

 mediately procured) into one nostril, keeping the 

 fthcr and the mouth closed, gently inflate the 

 lungs, alternately compress the breast, and theji 

 let the mouth and nostrils free. 



7. .■^pply warm bricks to the soles of the feet, 

 and warm spirits to the palms of the hands, and 

 the pit of the stomach. 



8. Persist in these means for three hours at 

 least, or until life be restored. 



Cautions. — 1. Never to be held up by the 

 heels. 



2. Not to be rolled on casks, or other rough 

 usages. 



3. Not to allow into the room more than sis 

 persons. 



4. Not to rub the body with salt. 



General Observations. — On signs of returning 

 life, and if swallowing be returned, a small 

 quantity (ot'ten repeated) of warm wine and wa- 

 ter, or diluted spirits, should be given ; the pa- 

 tient put into a warm bed, and if disposed put 

 to sleep. 



Electricity and bleeding are never to be em- 

 ployed, unless by the direction of a medical gen- 

 tleman. 



may practice it to have their milk scalded in ves- 

 sels calculated to stand in the kettle or boiler, by 

 which mode the danger of burning the milk 

 would be avoided, for it is ascertained that milk 

 only burns on the edges of it surface, or where 

 it comes in contact with the sides of the vessel 

 in which it is heated, which can never happen 

 in double kettles, or where one is placed within 

 the other. A SUBSCRIBER 



December 5. 



during four years, and minute iiive-tigatnni ol' 

 (he practices of the best graziers, (with whom 1 

 have much to do) that such state of the tail is proof 

 of tendency to " hollow horn." I mean that the 

 " tail rot," as it i» called by Downing, the Eng- 

 lish Cow Leech, is a symptomatic disease indi- 

 cative of some affection of the spine, whicli 

 generally produces a more fatal malady, accnin- 

 panicd by liollowness of (he horns. — .\ small 

 quantity of white miicus, or .'orum like sluli, 

 exudes generally from the Jncisicn. 



In New F.nglanil, tlicy all cut off flic tails. — 

 I cut off the long hair, at the ends, but never re- 

 move any portion oftbelionc, although I do not 

 hesitate at pushing a sharp knife through the 

 soft parts of half a dozen calves or cows tails in 

 a morning. 1 have seen an animal on her side, 

 wiiich, within half an hour, was led to rise and 

 after eat, merely by cutting oil three inches of 

 the tail. Some of the best Surgeons to whom I 

 have .spoken, think that my notions are perf'cct- 

 Iv consistent with the received opinion of the 

 connection between the spine and tail of a quad- 

 ruped. The remarks of some of the old farm- 

 ers of this county, excited my ridicule on this 

 point, at first. They go so far as to assert, that 

 the tail is injured by treading on its end when 

 the animal makes an effort so rise — the most 

 skilful farmers, and the most celebrated in this 

 neighborhood, among us fellows who do not faint 

 at smells, cut off the hair for the reason I have 

 given. 



I ivould be glad to welcome Mr. C******* 

 here. The finest grazing land in the Atlantic 

 States, / think is the alluvion on the West Bank 

 of the River Delaware. And the best Grazing 

 Farms could be purchased on its margin, at ve- 

 ry moderate prices. 



I have a letter from Massachusetts, saying 

 that Ccelebs had 62 cows at glO each. 



Ointmait for the Mange. — Hogs lard, 2 lbs. ; 

 sbirit of turpentine, half a pmt ; oil of vitriol, 2 

 ounces, to be well mixe<l ; after add brimstone in 

 fine powder, half a pint. 



My cattle all take from one to two ounces of 

 salt daily in their food — once in a fortnight, half 

 an ounce of salt petre. 



* See Mew England Farmer, No. 20, p. 165. 



From tlic American Farmer. 



TO CVRE NEAT-C.VTTLF. OF THE MAKGE. 



Pennsylvania, April I2th, 1822. 

 Dear Sir, 



When your Cattle have the mange, cause 

 them to be well washed with soap — at night, 

 give half an ounce of nitre; repeat it the next 

 morning. If the weather be good, rub ti-e/i on 

 all the parts affected, some ointment, prepared 

 by the subjoined recipe — let them be kept un- 

 der cover for two days and nights, then turn 

 them into the field w here they can run, produce 

 szveat and rub the?nselves ; if necessary, repeat 

 this treatment. This disease sometimes attacks 

 the fat, and the thin. I have never failed in at- 

 tempting a cure, and witliin five weeks. Pinch 

 the tail throughout, if any soft place be found, 

 slit it with a sharp knife so far as the softness 

 extends, I know from an accurate observation, 



AJIERlC.iX CUTLERY. 

 We have now before us three pocket or pen 

 knives, made at Pittsburg, and commonly sold 

 in the shops of that city and its neighbour- 

 hood— a four bladed knife at 150 cents; a two- 

 bladed knife at 62 1-2 cents.— These are the 

 retail prices, and as low as knives of like quality 

 can be fairly imported and sold at. This is 

 what we did not expect. We have seen knives 

 of Pittsburg manufacture, that cost 5 dollars, 

 which in every apparent quality, rivalled the 

 best products of Sheffield, at a similar amount 

 of price : and excellent razors are also made at 

 the same place. These things are furnished 

 by regular manufacturer. We also observe ex- 

 tensive establishments at New-York, wherein 

 tailors' shears, scissors, penknifes and razors, 

 arc made and warranted to be of the best quali- 

 fy. One of the great advantages of home manu- 

 factures, is the direct responsibility of the manu- 

 facturer to the public, w hich is just as w hole- 

 some in itself, in a maker of razors, as in a ma- 

 ker of treaties with foreign nations, or in con- 

 tracts that involve millions of the people's 



monev. 



kmingkam Ckroniclc 



