':;*) 



^K^V ENGLAND FARMEH. 



lirelj- to me; but tlioiis[h [ liave hiiil tho plea- 

 ."iirc of (indiritT; ilmt t'losc I have Pent have g\v- 

 v.n grent satislaction, yet I very Hir prolor, 

 whcrcvor it is practicable, that all sboiiKI make 

 ciioicn tor themsclve'. And 1 s-liouiJ still re- 

 ommcnd but a sm;ill number at first, not mere- 

 ly on account of my own convenience, oivinq- to 

 ths demand I have ; but because persons have 

 then an opportunity, at no vas texjicn'^e, olsee- 

 ina: v.hfllicr they are the kind of animal they 

 wished (or — and as I have before saiil, convic- 

 tion wiiich arises from experience, is always 

 prreatly to I)c preferred. To nie however, it 

 lias been hic;:lily crratifyinj to lind, that in so ma- 

 ny case's, where they liave once been eslaidish- 

 c I, a Iro^h supply' has so soon been ivished for. 

 1 think Iherelbre, a bull and one or two heifers 

 miijbt sulfice in most places at tirst, «hcre the 

 trial is made ; nnd in some, a young bull only. 



Krom thp .^mrriran Farnitr. 



C EM EXT. 



However valuable ;\ir. Skinner's paper con- 

 tinue? to be, 1 (ind all his receipts arc not in- 

 fallible ; particularly that on ashes and gall, for 

 cracks in stoves, as 1 tiod al'tcr drying, if crum- 

 bles otF, and weepin;? eyes are again renewed, 

 but if you ailcl a portion of IMaster of I'aris with 

 Settle iron lllinifs, it will produce a substan- 

 tial cement, and the lustre of your eyes be 

 preserved from the great annoyance of smoke. 



Plhiliinun. ?,I. O. 



From the American Farmer. 

 Ansver to a " .\orth Carolina Far.ncr."' 

 The best preventives against fleas in hogs, 

 lice in cattle, and ticks in sheep, are corn meal, 

 and care. The best remedy for the e\ils tlle^ 

 I'.rcatc, is a strong decoction of tobacco, obtain- 

 ed by boiling. Hickory ashes, thrown upon 

 swine, not only assists in destroying fleas, Iml in 

 removing cutaneous diseases, by causing the 

 animals to rub themselves frequenflv. 



CTRVVEX. 

 Philadelphia County^ JMnrch .^j//, 1C23. 



From tliL- Connecticut llcralil. 



A few weeks since, an obituary notice of Mrs. 

 i.ong, of Concord, N. II. went the rounds of 

 the newspapers. Her death was occasioned by 

 using sugar adulterated with while lead. She 

 died with aggravated symptoms of Colicu Pic- 

 lunum, or Lead Colic. Since then a family in 

 the same town, (Mr. .). Wheeler's,) have been 

 severely alllicted in the saine way, Irom the use 

 of a|iplc-fauce kept in earthen pan=, glazed 

 with red lead — the youngest mcndjer of the 

 family has died. There is a notice of the case 

 by Dr. Long, and a report by the central Medi- 

 cal Society, IV. II. on the subject, in the .^>u■- 

 Ilampshirc Pulriat. Ur. Long gives the follow- 

 ing as the history of the symptoms: — 



•• Among the first symptoms noticeable in this 

 disease, are a tightness or uneasiness across the 

 stomach and bowels, costiveness, faintness, gid- 

 diness, numbness in the extremities, pains .•-hoot- 

 ing Uiruugh the head, neck, back, and limbs, 

 wliich are often thought to be iheumatick. And 

 in the further progrc'ss of the disease, slight 

 sickness of the stomach, thirst, anxietv, general 

 languor, yellowness of the skin — and if not re- 

 lieved, worse symptoms ensue ; such as obsti- 

 nate costiveness, a frequent but ineirectual de- 

 ."irc to evacuate the contents of the bowels, 



constant nausea and vomiting, violent pains in 

 the stomach and bowels, with the sensation of 

 their being knotted up and strongly drawn up- 

 ward and back ; epilepsy, delirium, palsy, 

 strong convulsions, and death." 



When a family or any member of it, is alTect- 

 cd with such symptoms, they may suspect the 

 action of lend poison, and ought to examine 

 their food, drink, and utensils for cooking or 

 containing them. They ought too, to make 

 speedy application for medical assistance, as 

 this is a case of peculiar obstinacy and danger. 

 In the case abo\e mentioned, the glazing of the 

 pans was in part entirely destroyed, and the in- 

 side of tho pans reduced to the state of clay. 

 Lead is used in Ibiming pewter vessels, in sol- 

 dering tin -.varo. and in glazing earthen ware. 

 White crockery is glazed with white lead; com- 

 mon brown ware with coarse red lead, or ox3'd. 

 Stone ware is glazed with salt, and is therefore 

 not liable to these objections. Lead is easily 

 corroded by any thing acid, such as wine, cider, 

 pickles, preserves, and by oils, when rancid. 

 These articles then contain the lead in solution, 

 which may be detected by a solution of liver of 

 sulphur, {hiidiusiilphurrt^) in the form of a black 

 cloud or precipitate. Wines are often sweeten- 

 ed by sugar of load, when pricked or acidilied. 

 This has been made a gainful, but most nefari- 

 ous speculation. It has been one of the thou- 

 sand guilty means of gathering wealth from the 

 wretchedness of others. Krom the case of Mrs. 

 Long, it appears that the same adulteration has 

 been practised in sugar. Those who value 

 their health, (and there is assuredly nothing ol 

 higher value, for one half of our moral evils 

 are e\il from their destroying heahh :) those 

 who prefer a sound constitution to any moment- 

 ary gratification or fancied convenience, ought 

 to take care how they suiTer this insidious poi- 

 son to taint their food, and infect their luxuries. 

 Let them remember, there may be " death in 

 the piitP'' Copper is another poisonous metal. 

 All copper and brass kitchen utensils should be 

 used cautiously — and brass cocks ought in par- 

 ticular to he avoided in drawing ofT any acidu- 

 lous liquor. Oils, too, act on copper, at least 

 vvhen rancid ; and I have often witnessed the 

 melted tallow on a brass candlestick colored a 

 deep green. 



THE FARIVIEB. 



nOSTO.K :~!^ATLRDA\\ M.iRCH J', 1825 ^ 



iBi' 



TEK.MS OF THE F.\RMER. 



(Kr Publislied every Saturday, at Thrf.e Dolu 



per annum, payable at tlie end of the year — but th ? 



who pay witliin six!}/ days from the time of subscriB i* 



wM be entitled to a d< diiction of FfFTV Ce.\ts. ' 



(SCf -^ fitlu-pig-e and index will be furnished, gr^ 

 s-hole volume. 



,|j». 



iJ»- 



Finesaf. — Some workmen in Italy being on 

 (he point of hurling a stone from the roof of a 

 house, called out to the persons passing to take 

 care. A man going by, and neglecting the cau- 

 tion, was wounded by the fall of a stone ; and 

 summoning the workmen into a court of law, 

 demanded damages. I'yla-us, a lawyer of much 

 eminence in the twelfth century, was employed 

 as counsel for the workmen ; and finding that 

 there was no possibility of procuring evidence 

 that his clients had called out to the passers by, 

 he advised them how to act accordingly. When 

 the trial came on, and they were interrogated 

 by the .ludge, and asked why they had hurled 

 down the stone so carelessly ? they made no an- 

 ■■wer. The .ludge repeated his question, but 

 still they were silent. The Judge appearing 

 astonished at thi';, l'yl<cus informed him that his 

 clients were unhappily deaf and dumb. " JVay," 

 exclaimed the plaintilT, " that never can bo, 

 for 1 heard those very men cry out to every 

 body take rare." ""if so," said Pyla^us, ""l 

 h.ive proved what was neccssay ; no damages 

 can be awarded, and they must be acquitted." 



to llio^^e who tuke the wh 



OCJ^' .Agents ^^ho prociwe seven subscribers, and j 

 come responsible for tlie payment, will be entitled j **" 

 ropy gratis, aiul 'in the same proportion for a lai r') 

 number. 



(c!7"t'ompIefe files from' the commencement of 1 

 pajar in .\ugust can be furnished. 



BREEOI.NG OF C.VTTLE, kc. 



We this day ronchule Mr. Wilkinson's Remarks 

 the Iniproremcnt of Cattle, ic. which deserve d 

 only to be read but to be s/urf/trf, and his Icadhig ma 

 inis impressed on the memory of every farmer -wl 

 wishes to keep a good stock of cattle. We do not su 

 pose that all his observations can be of immediate pia 

 tical utility to American farmers in general, but \ 

 believe much benefit may be derived from them. 

 thi' perusal of these remarks should merely induce , 

 to breed from our best stocl; instead of slaughtering, 

 selling the finest animals to butchers, and keeping tl 

 poorist to breed from, they will prove of very "re 

 value to American agriculture. 



An error with regard to the breeding nf cattle at 

 other domestic animals has done much mischief in ( 

 Britaiu, and been attended with some bad consequei 

 CIS in the United States. Mr. Lawrence, an Englis 

 writer of eminence and general correctness, in a Trei 

 list on Cattle, p. 27, says — " You may breed foreve 

 in-and-in, or from the nearest affinities of blood, wit 

 the utmost success, provided you select, with judf 

 nicnt, the best shaped individuals ; and the finest an 

 mals of this country have been bred in this mode. "- 

 When we first read this sweeping maxim it struck i. 

 as something similar to that of tbe honest man, wh 

 declared that " thesnut rails would last forerer an- 

 ever, to his certain knowledge, for he had tried the ex 

 perimcnt out and out, and never knew it fail in all hi 

 life /i-mf." We thought that the Law of Mature ws 

 averse to incestuous connexions, as well anion" brute; t~ 

 as mankind. We consulted some scientific and practi- 

 cal agriculturists in this viciniLy, and were in/brmed 

 that the best race of animals by breeding in-and-in, oi 

 cohabiting exclusively with their near relations, would' 

 speedily degenerate, the offspring become puny and' 

 sickly, and in time unable to breed at all. This was 

 particularly the case with swine, as some persons had 

 experienced to their cost. We also consulted Sir John 

 Sinclair, whose authority we consider as pre-eminent 

 in questions relating to improvements in agriculture ; 

 and found that he is pointedly opposed to the plan of 

 confining the connexions of a superior breed of animals 

 to the same family. 



" This method," observes the worthy Caronct, "of 

 breeding in-and-in, or putting animals of the nearest 

 relationship together, was for some time in fashion, un- 

 der the sanction of Mr. Bakewell's authority, yet ex- 

 perience has now proved, that it cannot he successfully- 

 persevered in. It may be beneficial, indcei?^ if not cai^ 

 ricd too far, in fixing any variety that may be thought 

 valuable, but on the wliole, it is only in appearance. 

 Under this system the young animal comes into the 

 world, on comparatively, a very small scale. By keep- 

 ing it fat from the first moment of its existence, it is 

 made to attain a greater size than nature intended; 

 and its weight in consequence, will be very great, in 

 proportion to the size of its bones. Thus a generatioa 



f.! 



