314 



NEW 



ENGLAND FARMER. 



We think tli:it thore is reason m (vaiting till 

 animals become •' liiiUlat,"" or in "good pliKht,"' 

 before thpy nre fed with acid food. Aci<U or 

 alcohol cre:ite appetite by stimulatiiicf the sto- 

 macli, lint if long continued, they -.veaken the 

 digestive powers, and in time totiUy de-troy 

 ♦he tone of the stomach. The animd will then 

 "be visited with what in a human subject would 

 be called dyspepsia, or a want of thi' power of 

 digestion, fattening hitn will be out of the ques- 

 tion, and he will be worth but little more than 

 the value of his hide. The constitution of an 

 ox ma3' be destroyed by excessive eating, or 

 what may be called high living, and it is only 

 towards the close of his (lays, near the last stage 

 of his preparation for the butcher that he should 

 be allowed to become an epicure, and indulged 

 with as much as he can eat of rich or high sea- 

 soned food. Store keep should be neither too 

 rich nor loo abundant ; and if an ox is once 

 uiadc tilt, and then loses his~flesh, he is like 

 one of I'haraoh's lean kjne, the more he de- 

 vours the leaner he becomes. If voung cattle 

 are kept in rich pastures in summer, and poor 

 fodder in the winter, sometimes stulTcd, at other 

 times starved, they lose their disposition to fat- 

 ten- To such cattle Mr. Lawrenrc alludes, 

 when he says, " It is extremely imprudent, in- 

 dolently to continue at high keep, animals which 

 do not thrive ; I advert chielly to imlividuals, 

 with which the first loss is always the least." 

 " Stock caitlc,'' says Mr. Eordley, " are kept ; 

 others are tlittened. The feeding is ditferent. 

 Cattle kept need no kind of grain, nor even haij, 

 unless to cows about calving time. .SVrarc with 

 ■j.ny juicy food, such as roots or drank* abund- 

 antly suliices for keeping cattle in heart through 

 winter, provided they are sheltered from cold 

 rains. Mr. Bakewell kept his fine cattle on 

 straw and turnips in winter.'" " A drank for 

 keeping may be made thus ; roots, chatT or cut 

 straw and salt, boiled together in a good quan- 

 tity of water ; the roots cut or mashed. The 

 cattle drink the water and eat the rest. Drank 

 Cor fattening cattle, thus: roots, meal, flaxseed, 

 chaff or cut straw and salt, well boiled together 

 in a plenty of water. If given warm, not hot, 

 it is better." The same author says, " Hay, 

 meal, and linseed jelly with drank, must be ex- 

 cellent food in stall-fattening. Linseed jelly is 

 thus made : seven parts of water to one of tlax 

 seed steeped in a part of the water 48 hours; 

 then add the remaining water cold, and boil 

 gentlij two hours, stirring constantly to prevent 

 burning. It is cooled in fubs, and given mixed 

 with any meal, bran or cut chaff. Each bullock 

 (large) has two quarts of jelly a day ; equal to a 

 little more than one quart of seed in four days.'''' 



* Thf word drank is given us by Count Rumford for 

 distinguishing tliis touiposition from ihiiplc water. 



the clapboards, which cannot easily be erased : | etables for summer and winter use for the fan 

 whereas, a building painted (as usual) in tke ily. ^^ 



heat of summer will soon need a new coat ; f«r| The system of rotation of crops is five yeai 

 the heat causes the oil to penetrate into the 1 The quantity of manure made upon the fai 

 wood and leaves the other component parte in a year is about 200 ox cart loads, of foB * 

 dry, which will soon easily crumble off. bushels each : this manure is made by the n 



A SLBSCKIBER. cattle and swine — about 60 loads by the swiu 

 the cattle yard is cleaned up every mornio 

 and the manure put into a heap under a covi 

 from the sun and rain. The swine have H 

 shavings of the fields and brooks, the pomace 

 apples, the weeds and other materials thron 

 to them during the summer and autumn, andai 

 kept in their enclosure all the time, and in U 

 pring the yard is cleared. The neat cattle al 



NEW ENGLAND FARMER. 



AND 



PA- 



KOR THE 



UNBLESSED EKKECTS OF SL.WERY 

 PER MONEY. 



Extract of a letter from a dislingui5hed inhabitant of 

 Missouri, well informed, and high in office, to a ge»- 

 tleman in this vicinity, dated Jan. 1823. 



" The sapient legislature of our state has, 



under the name of" Relief Laws," virtually eo-|kcpt in the barn-yards all the night in the sub - 

 acted that the community shall be trammelled,! mer season; and in the barns and yards all tJ 

 hand-cuffed, and consequently yjoor, for ten yearsj winter season; the water for their drink heir 



to come ! and, besides, although it is one of the 

 fairest regions under the sun, yet the curse of 

 slavery is entailed upon it forever; this, in the 

 very nature of things, in our latitude, must keep 



brought into the yards by an aqueduct. 



About 5 tons of ground Plaster of Paris fJt 

 each year, have been used for several yea 

 past, as a manure upon the grass land, and ti ^• 



the people poor ; for, first, in a community where I corn and grain for sowing have been mi« 



there are s/nt'M, whites are always imperious,! with it. 



dissolute and idle; but, second, our climate, The product of the farm some j'ears has be« 



FOR THE NEW EN(;|,AND FARMER. 



PAlNTfNG. 



I believe it is a general practice lor people to 

 do their painting some time during the three 

 summer months ; but repeated experiments have 

 been made within a tew years, which have 

 proved that a house painted late in autumn or 

 in the winter, will hold the paint more than txi'ice 

 as long as one painted in warm weather. 



The reason is obvious ; for when paints are 

 applied in cold weather, the oil, with the other 

 ingredients, ybri/i a Aarci cement on the surface of 



yields no produce sufficiently profilable to ena- 

 ble the white man to live in idleness himself, 

 and sup])ort his slaves to do his work for him. 

 Now, these two things put together, must 

 make us a poverty-struck state forever. Specie 

 h»s disappeared from among us, and the "• Bills 

 of Credit" of the state, issued in the name of 

 '• Loan Office Certificates," are passing at a dis- 

 count of 50 to 60 per cent. 



"■ The produce of the soil is very low — Corn 

 say 20 cts. — Pork, 2 to 24 cfe. and in some parts 

 of this state 1 to U cts? — Beef, 2 to 3 cts. — 

 Wheat, 50 cts. On the other hand, groceries 

 arc comparatively very bigh--Sugar, 2.o cts. — 

 Coffee, 50 to 62i cts. — Salt, (at present) ^3 per 

 bush. — Tea, (Hyson) '^3 to Sj. In the winter 

 of IC 19-20, Brown Sugar was sold in St. Lodis 

 at 50 cts. per lb. ! and Salt at gO per bushel.'' 



The following, with some other pieces from the 

 pamphlet containing it, was intended for publication 

 more than six weeks since, but was mislaid, and clip- 

 ped our memory. We hope, however, that no bail 

 consequences will arise from our carelessness, as irli- 

 cles of this kind are not like the current news ol the 

 day which derives its principal inttrest from its lov- 

 elty. — 



From the last Pamphlet published by the Essex Agri- 

 cultural Society. 



MR. BARTLET'S FARM. 



The farm in Methuen belonging to Willam 

 Bartlet, Esq. has been uuder my direction ive 

 years ; Mr. Bartlet has all the income iVom .'aid 

 farm, and pays all the expenses. 



Said farm contains about two hundred acres 

 of land, and is divided into twenty lots, all wl ich 

 are fenced with a substantial stone wall; K of 

 the lots have been cultivated, and have proiuc- 

 ed wheat, rye, oats, flax, Indian corn, potatces, 

 English and Swedish turnips, white beans, t.m- 

 othy, herds-grass and clover hay ; 8 lots are at 

 present in grass for mowing; 5 lots for pastir- 

 ing ; one lot is woodland and pasture tor youtg 

 cattle ; one lot is an orchard of apple trees, ii 

 good bearing ; and 5 lots are under culture fo' 

 corn, oats, potatoes, English and Swedish tur- 

 nips, and winter r3'e, with s part of some lots fo' 

 flax and white beans ; besides a garden of veg- 



greater than others. It produced in 1821 tl 

 following articles 



-So barrels cider, 600 bushels corn, 700 busi 

 els potatoes, 40 bushels English turnips 

 bushels white beans, 475 lbs. flax, 75 bushe 

 rye, 320 bushels oats, 350 lbs. butter, 2000 lb 

 cheese, 4OO0 lbs. pork, 40 cart loads pumpkin 

 75 tons English hay, 10 cart loads fodder. 



And the present year, 1822, 



70 tons English hay, 10 tons run bay, 3( 

 bushels oats, 1200 bushels potatoes, 300 bushe 

 lidian corn, 500 lbs. flax, (this by estimation, 

 Oft being cleaned) 1 100 bushels English turni; 

 MO bushels ruta baga, 100 barrels cider, 

 bushels winter apples, 20 bushels winter peat 

 2400 lbs. cheese, 400 lbs. butter, 6 bushels whi 

 beans, 12 calves, sold at 7 dollars each, 4 f 

 oxen, sold for 294 dollars. 



The stock of the farm consists at present < 

 15 cows, 10 oxen, 3 yearling heifers, 1 spric 

 calf, 1 late calf, 2 calves for butchering, 1 

 swine, 34 sheep and lambs, and 1 horse. 



The labor on the farm is done by myself an 

 wife, with 2 men and 1 boy, and 2 young wi 

 men or girls: but in the most hurrying time 

 particularly in getting in hay, as many ham 

 are employed to cut and cure it as can work I 

 advantage. And the only drink used by tb 

 laborers, both transient and stationary, is pn 

 duced by the farm, viz. beer and cider. 



JONATHAN MORSE, 2d. 



Methuen, September '2'i, 1022. 



N. B. This year's produce is added to thii 

 statement since the description was made ouUl 



A'cziiburyport, JVovcmber 18, 1822. 



Note. By the " shavings of the brooks aa 

 fields," Mr. Morse means " the grass and weed 

 which grow in the brooks and round the edge * 

 of the fields;" which being unfit tor foddei 

 are thrown to the swine. 



The " ten cart loads of fodder" were thi 

 produce of the field of oats ; which beingseed 

 ed with herds-grass and clover, and these, afle 

 the oats were harvested, growing luxuriantly 

 the field was mown (the oat stubble and youo{ 

 grasses) and yielded (as Mr. Bartlet has siacf 

 stated) " ten bulky loads of excellent fodder 

 almost equal to second crop hay." 



