NEV/ ENGLAND FARMER. 



12 o'clock, to continue in swarlh until the de»v 

 is off the HPXt morniiiEr) and that he S'^U into 

 cocks, before 5 or u o'clock in the ;if(ernoon, 

 all the hay spreai upon his (leld. The fermen- 

 tation which hay undergoes by standiner in the 

 cock over ni^lil. not only sweetens the hay, but 

 prepares it for a more rapid evaporation of its 

 juices the next day, and will doubly pay the 

 expense of cocking, besides the security it af- 

 fords against bad weather." 



The following methods of prevcntinec hay 

 irom heating in the mow, are from the publi 



every praise she had bestowed on it, producing 

 excellent soups and jellies from materials before 



thrown away. 



" In the other corner is placed an oven made 

 only of one brick in thickness (2i inches) bothffered h 

 at bottom and si<les, and not more than one in 



and below, with four inches of well-rammed 

 wood ashes." — " Wood ashes being a bad con- 

 ductor of caloric [or matter of heat] and thence 

 keeping in all heat, such oven will not require 



lution had been a master-baker in Philadelphia 

 once told me, thnt a very material portion oi [.5510 

 the profits of his business, which was extensive, jtibei 

 arose from his saving of fuel — fur he never suf. ifioo'' 

 ' ' ' ■ ■ ' " That is, batch «'"' 



ovens to become cold. 



succeeded batch with so short intervals, that i '"^T 



readth (4.V inches) on the top; the whole to small quantity of fuel served to raise the requi- J"p,i 



be bedded and surrounded on all .sides, above -ite heat. And Count Rumford, in his account pfor 



of the establishment formed under his direction Iwte 

 for the poor in Munich, states, that the firal lb*' 



cation last above quoted.—" Let your bays be j more than a third part of the fuel usually con 

 open under the bottom for a free circulation ofjsumed in the operation of heating. I had once 

 air; till several large bags with hay, set them an oven that being surrounded, and in contmui- 

 crect upon the floor of your bays; place the ty, with very thick walls on every side, and 

 hay around them with as "little treading as pos- into whose substance the unseen fire [heat] pas- 

 sible ; raise up your bags with the rise of your sing in continual progress, it required twenty 

 mow, and when your mow is finished, rernove faggots to heat it ! Of this 1 soon grew tired, 

 the bags: these openings will serve as ventila- 1 and built another as above described, of the 

 tors, and secure your mows from heating. If 1 same dimensions, and which (the fjre [or heat] 



you reserve your wheat or rye straw for this 

 purpose, and cover your clover occasionally as 

 you mow it, with straw, your straw will not 

 only prevent your mow from heating, but im- 

 bibe the moisture of your clover, and become 

 valuable Ibod for your horses and cattle." 



" Salt hay, in this country, has usually been 

 Iiurt by lying too long in the swarth. The 

 method in which 1 have treated it for several 

 years, is to cock it the next day after it is cut, 

 and put a layer of some kind of dry straw be- 

 tween load and load of it, in the mow, to pre- 

 Tent its taking damage by over heating. The 

 straw contracts so much of its moisture and salt- 

 uess that the cattle will eat it very freely, and 

 the hay is far better than that made in the com- 

 mon way." 



The following is from a communication to 

 the Bath and West of England Agricultural So- 

 ciety, made by a gentleman by th* name of 

 Lewen Tugwri.l, and was published in the 12th 

 volume of the papers of that Society. The 

 volume itself we iiave not been able to place 

 our hands on, and the Extract and succeeding 

 remarks are obligingly furniiihed us from the 

 minutes of a gentleman, to whom we have 

 heretofore been indebted for favors connected 

 with the objects of our publication ; and whose 

 literary and scientilic labors have made valua- 

 ble additions to the stock of public knowledge 

 in the departments of Agriculture and Domestic 

 Economy. 



THE F.MTRACT. 



" In one corner (of the fire place) is a small 

 stove for a boiler, or steam-kettle ; or what 

 would be infinitely preferable, but which, un- 

 t'nrtunately, is not known to the lower orders 

 of society, Papin's Digester. This culinary ar- 

 ticle being capable of raising heat in water to 

 every requisite temperature, by its means may 

 be prepared the most economical soups, Irish 



heating of the oven took .366 lbs. of dry pineg. 

 wood. The following batches required less am 

 less ; until for the 6th batch 71 lbs. of woofl 

 sufficed ; that is about a fifth part of what wa 

 necessary for the first. 



not bf^ing suffered to pass beyond a single brick) 

 would be heated at any time (although divested 

 of previous warmth) with three of such faggots, 

 and generally in about a sixth of the time of the 

 former." 



" As small sized ovens are made at the potte- 

 ries in one entire piece, it would be singularly 

 appropriate to bed them in these ashes, to pre- 

 vent a migration of their heat beyond their own 

 external parts. The fire place of the above 

 Digester may also be surrounded with the same 

 non-conducting substance." 



A few remarks on Mr. Tugwell's statement 

 may perhaps be useful. I suppose the wood- 

 ashes must be made a little damp, to admit of 

 their being " well-rammed." Admitting the 

 non-conducting power of ashes, some might ap- 

 prehend that the single tier of bricks forming 

 the oven, would be incapable of receiving heat 

 enough to bake a batch of bread ; but I have 

 found it sufficient (in a small oven constructed 

 on TogwelTs plan,) thoroughly to bake pnn- 

 loaves of rye and Indian meal bread. Conse- 

 quently it must be abundantly adequate to bake 

 loaves of wheat meal. In constructing the small 

 family oven, after it was formed with a single 

 coat of bricks, I directed the mason to com- 

 mence laying the exterior coat, leaving a space 

 jail round (excepting the moutii, of course) of 

 three or four inches for the ashes ; and as lie 

 carried up the work, the ashes were filled in. 



Mussachusells Agricultural Repository and Journal. 

 The last number of this valuable publicatioD 

 has just issued from the press of Messrs. Wells 

 k Lilly. We have had time to give it but an 

 imperfect and hasty perusal ; but have seen 

 enough to warrant the assertion that its articles 

 are well written, and well selected, and cannot 

 foil to prove profitable, as well as interesting, 

 not only to the practical farmer, but to all who 

 delight in the Studies of Aat»rf, and wish to 

 know by what laws her system of economy 

 regulated. 



Bob, 



Oiitl 

 tike 



IJOI 



MASSACHUSETTS LEGISLATURE 



Closed its session on the 14th inst. A journal of theit 

 proceedings is probably in possession of most of oui 

 readers, who would feel an interest in its detail. — 

 There has been but little said, but as much done, per- 

 haps, as the public °:ood requires. The following are 

 the titles of some of the acts, not included in our last: 

 An act to incorporate the Bunker Hill Monument 

 Association — to continue in force for the term of five 

 years an act entitled an act for the encouragement ol 

 Agriculture and Manufactures — to incorporate the Mer- 

 rimack Manufacturing Company — to incorporate th« 

 BoyUton Medical irociety of Harvard University — tr 

 incorporate the Newton Factories — to incorporate the 

 West Boylston Manufacturing Company — for the rebel 

 of the Danvers Cotton Factory — to incorporate the 

 Bristol County Agricultural Society — to incorporate 

 the Braintree Manufacturing Company — to incorporate 

 the Mansfield Union Cotton and Wool Manufactory. 



lil'U 



ffla 

 11; 



iV, 



i\ 



T« 



FOKEIGA. 

 An arrival at New York has brought advices from 

 London to the 8th of May, which is ten days later than'f^ 

 had previously been received. From the French ar- 



stews, bouillies, ice. drawing even from bones 1 adapted to the use of Bakers; and 1 hope some 



close into the rebates" (commonly pronounced i """"y ''=*^'"" ^.'■■«'»°»fJ 'h^ Governor of Figueras to 

 ruhlicts) of the jambs and head-piece (also of 

 soap stone, which formed the mouth of the 

 oven) and fastened with a latch. 



Mr. TuKwclPs oven must be singularly well 



£ 



(otherwise thrown away) the most nourishing 

 jellies, and extracting from them every nutri- 

 tive particle." 



" I purchased one of Papin's Digesters, at 

 the recommendation of a lady («lio from a most 

 emaciated and exhausted slate, bordering on 

 consumption, was restored to sound and vigor- 

 ous health by bone-jelly) and found it merited 



, mil's in Spain we have accounts to the 30th of April. 

 IIS far as the commencement of the arching, i At that period D'Angouleme's corps remained at Vitto- 

 when the whole top of the oven received the } rla. The right corps was at Burgos, almost half the 

 coat of ashes; and then the brick work was laid : ''i^'ance between the frontier and Ma.arid. The left, 

 , 1 , J •• I J J „ „. „ ,„ nnder Marshal Moncev, had advanced some way m 



over and completed it. In a word-two ovens ! ^,^j^,^,^j^^ and was besieging Figueras ; and the cenr 

 were constructed, with three or four mches of f^^.^ „„,,gr gen. Moliter. h.id occupied Saragossa, and 

 rammed and pressed wood ashes in the space was still advancing. There has been hut little fight- 

 between them. The door of the oven was o( ing, and the Spaniards appear to be true to their sys- 

 soap stone, hung by a pair of hinges, shutting tern of not running the ri.^k of great battles. Marshal 



,.j surrender that fortress, the latter replied that he andj 

 the garrison were resolved to bury themselves under 

 the ruins of the fortress rather than fail in the observ- 

 ance of their honor and their oaths. It has been re; 

 ported that Russia has determined to lake an active 

 part in the war in favor of France, but nothing official 

 on that subject has transpired. The Portuguese insur^ 

 gents have been subdued or driven out of the kingdom. 

 The Government of Great Britain has determined on 

 preserving its neutrality, and to permit the two hostile 

 nations to settle their disputes without her interference, 

 and this determination has received the approbation of 

 Parliament. 



It was reported at Odessa on the 3d of April, that 

 there had been another great fire at Coustantinople, 

 near the Seraglio. 



of them may be induced to make the experi 

 raent, and test its efficacy, as stated by him. 

 A well informed man, who before our revo- 



*■ Dr. Papin, a French physician, published a dc;- 

 cription of his Digester in 1681 ; as you may see in 

 llces' Cyclope(li», article 1'apin. 'though not intro- 

 iluccd into the kitchen, it appears to be still used in 

 chemical and pbilusophical experimcats. 



