Vol. 0.— No. 3. 



NEW ENGLAND FARMEH. 



n 



..ibridged notices, from the BuUelin des Sciences, 

 for llie Hampshire Gazette. 



RUSSIA. 



The stale of agriculture in Russia is very low. 

 Gr;iin is raised in siifticiont quantities to supply 

 the country with bread and whiskey, and to leave 

 a large excess for e.Nportalion ; yet by a compari- 

 son of the crop with the seed for several years, it 

 ;ippears that the produce is only 3 for 1. There 

 are a few estates which yield 10 to 12 for 1, but 

 !here arc so many that give only 2 for 1, that the 

 iverajo crop cannot be more than 3 for 1 of seed. 

 The peasants have no lands of their own : they 

 cultivate those of the ciown or of their lords, and 

 iiavG no inducement to adopt any new modes of 

 onUurc. They have but few wants, and are ex- 

 tremely ignorant and indolent. In Denmark rye 

 produces 8, barley 10 to 14. and oats 10 for 1. 



EEKS. 



In Livonia, the inhabitants make hollow places 

 in the trees of the forest, to receive and cultivate 

 bees. Sonio^of them had hundreds, and even 

 thousands of these bee-hives. Mr Butner, a Li- 

 vonian clergyman says the air, at some distance 

 from the ground, is better for the bees than that 

 of the- bee-houses which receive the exhalations 

 of the earth. Where forests are not conveniently 

 situated, he says it is advantageous to place the 

 hives upon trees standing alone, at 12 or 15 feet 

 above the ground. 



HAIL. 



Storms of hail are frequent and destructive in 

 ihe southern parts of Europe, and the subject of 

 jirotecting tlie crops from their ravages by para- 

 <Treles, or hail-rods, has e.tcited much attention 

 and discussion in France, Italy, Switzerland, &c. 

 The Bulletin for March, 1 827, notices 23 publica- 

 tions, (some of more than -300 pages) upon the 

 efficacy of those rods. Many fields furnished with 

 paragrelcs have been preserved from the hail, 

 while those in the vicinity, which were not so 

 firmed, have been ravaged. In some places, how- 

 ever, the hail-polos have not afforded effectual 

 protection, and these failures have furnished ar- 

 guments for those who oppose the system. 



Paragreles are poles set in the fields, around 

 which are wouad ropes of straw, iron-wire, or 

 other conductors of electricity. It is believed in 

 France that electricity is an important agent in 

 the formation of hail, and that this formation may 

 be prevented by drawing the electric fluid from 

 the clouds, by the aid of elevated metalic points. 



SHEEP. 



The English have had more regard to the form 

 than to the fleeces of their sheep, and most of the 

 44 millions in that country are of the long-wooled 

 large breeds. Fine wool for the manufacturers is 

 imported from Saxony and Spain. The Saxons 

 Iiave given their attention to the fleeces, vvhich 

 they have brought to so great perfection that 

 Spain possesses no flock that can be compared 

 with some of those in Saxony. Sheep of the Sax- 

 on race are pretty numerous in the neighbouring 

 countries of Silesia, Moravia, &o. In France there 

 are but few flocks of pure merino blood. The 

 French import great quantities of fine wool from 

 Spain and Sixony. and they are now malsing ef- 

 forts to introduce the Saxon race of sheep into 

 France. Some of the French farmers have pur- 

 chased sheep of the English long-wooled races, 



and are attempting to acclimate them in France. 

 This long wool is in demand for the manufacture 

 of smooth stuffs, as bombazets, &c. It is admitted 

 that the English sheep eat twiue as much as the 

 merinos. 



M. L. do Chateauvieux says the merino sheep 

 are so multiplied in Europe that there must ne 

 cessarily be a reduction in the price of their wool, 

 lie thinks the price of the superfine wool from 

 the Saxon merinos will continue to maintain a 

 liigh price, because there arc but few persons who 

 will bestow that care and attention on their flocks, 

 which these small and delicate sheep require. — 

 He expresses an opinion that the Saxony sheep 

 come from the race of Segovia in Spain, and that 

 most of the other merinos in Europe proceed from 

 the race of Leon, which is larger and more vigor- 

 ous, but less fine. 



Bomfsttc IScoJtems. 



struck in tlic street, rcaciicd nearly double the 

 distance it did when raised in the steeple. 



Ink. — Nutgall:^, in powder 4 ounces, Logwood 

 2 ounces. These are to be boiled for an hour in 

 six pounds, (three quarts) of water, or until one 

 half is cvajioratod. It is then percolated through 

 a hair sieve, and to the liquid are added, copper- 

 as 2 ounces, gum Arabic half an ounce. Blue Vit- 

 riol half an ounce. Sugar Candy half an ounce. — 

 It should be sufticiently warmed to dissolve these 

 ingredients. It is then-to be well stirred, and 

 suffered to stand 24 hours. It is then poured from 

 the sediment, and should bo preserved in well 

 stopped glass or stone jars. 



It is fit for immediate use. This composition 

 was the formation of Mr Ribancourt. It is un- 

 questionably the best writing ink in use. Dr. Cox of 

 Philadelphia says he has tried a great variety of 

 recipes for the formation of ink, and has found 

 none equal to this. 



[BY THE EDITOR.] Sore Throat.— het the throat be steamed with 



Remedy for a Sore Throat Wo are informed hot water, in which hops are infused, and apply 



by a person, v;ho has experienced its good eflects, j the hops after having been scalded for some time 

 that the essence of tar is a remedy for that affec- externally to the diseased part of the throat. 



tion of the throat, which often times teririinates in | 



ulcers, and sometimes proves fatal. The essence /r«n.— Anointing the afflicted part with rat- 

 of tar may be had of apothecaries, and the mode j t'esnake's oil is said to be of great service, 

 of administering is to drop a little on a lump of 

 sugar, which is permitted to dissolve in the mouth 

 and the solution swallowed. It should be taken, 

 he says, as soon as any symptoms of the complaint 

 are felt, in small portions at a time, and repeated 

 till the pain is mitigated, and the patient convales- 

 cent. The essence of tar we should suppose 

 would produce effects on the human. system simil- 

 ar to those produced by spirits of turpentine ; and 

 should recommend caution in its use, without ad- 

 vice from a regular physician. 



Dairy Secret. — Have ready two pans in boiling 

 water ; and on the new milk's coming to the dairy 

 take the hot pans out of the water, put the milk 

 into one of them, and cover it with the other. — 

 This will occasion great augmentation in the 

 thickness and quality of the cream. 



JVen in Cattle — Rub the part affected with ai. 

 Indigo bag, which has been some time in use in a 

 dye-pot. 



MAGNOLIA. 



Near Fish creek, in Virginia, ten or twelve 

 miles from Ohio, there is a grove of the lofty ma"', 

 nolia, and in the season of flowering, they fill the 

 wilderness with delicious fragrance for several 

 miles round. The leaves are more than three feet 



Cod-fish. — Dun, or dried cod-fish ought not to 

 be boiled to have it tender ; it operates as on an 

 egg, an oyster, or a clam, — the more you boil it, 

 the harder it grovvs. Let it simmer on or near the 

 fire, in a kettle, two or three hours, according as 

 the fish is hard, and then change the water ; and, 

 before dishing, put this up to near boiling heat, I in length and of a proportionate width. There 

 but not higher. This management does not draw | are no other trees of the kind within ■WD miles, 

 out, but revives the glutinous, and enlivens the i It has been stated, that the magnolias in Florida^ 

 nutritious substance in them, and leaves the fish ! have been smelt the distance of 60 miles. 



tender and nutritious. | 



A new three story brick building fell down in 



Jlnts. — When you find ants in quantities near ; Robinson-street, Now York, on the 27th inst. 

 home, pour hot water on them. The farmer when while the workmen were slating the roof. One 

 he manures his land, if he uses ashes, lime or salt person was killed, and five others hurt, three very 

 sand, will not be troubled with those insects. Dr badly, one of whom has since died. The wall next 

 Rees' Cyclopedia recommends boiling raiu water to a wooden building was eight inches thick ; and 

 with black soap and sulphur, and saturating the that adjoining another brick building, was/our {n- 

 ground with it, which is infested with those insects. : ches thick. The bricks appeared perfectly clean, 

 I and the mortar crumbled between the fingers like 



Bells — The nearer bells are hung to the ground, < ashes. 



other things being equal, the further they can be i 



heard. Dr Franklin has stated that some years ' Foote being at table next to a gentleman who 

 ago the inhabitants of Philadelphia had a new bell ' helped himself to a very large slice of bread, after 

 imported from England, and in order to judge of jhe had eaten a mouthful or two, Foote took up his 

 the sound the bell was raised on a triangle in the i bread, and cut a piece off. — " Sir," said the gen- 



great street of that city, and struck, as it happen- 

 ed on a market day ; when the people coming to 

 market were surprised on hearing the sound of a 

 bell at a greater distance from the city than they 

 had ever heard any bell before. This circum- 

 stance excited the attention of the curious ; and 

 it was discovered that the sound of the bell when 



tleman, " that is my bread." — I beg a thousand 

 pardons, sir," said Foote, " I protest I took it to 

 be the loaf." 



The Quebec Gazette states that much sickness 

 prevails amongst the emigrants from Great Britain) 

 which proves fatal to many. 



