268 



NEW ENGLAND FARMER. 



Vol. 6.— No. 34. 



[Extracts from Loudon's Gardener's Magazine lor Jan. 18-8.J 

 4n approved Method of obtaining a Crop of Early 



Cauliflowers, a week or ten days btfore Ifiase 



treattd in the usual tvay. By J. M. 



From a seed-bed which has been sown two or 

 three days after rutlier than before the customary 

 period, select a score or two ol heallliy plants. — 

 Pot them singly into the smallest-sized /arden-pots 

 in rich loamy compost; water, and plunge them 

 in a cold frame, shading for a short tune, till they 

 have taken root. Afterwards give air daily, draw- 

 ing on the lights at night, and defending from se- 

 vere frost with a mat or two; water frequently 

 with tepid manured water, and keep clear from 

 decayed leaves and woods. E.xamine the state of 

 the roots from time to time, and, as soon as they 

 become in the least degree matted, immediately 

 shift into 4S-sized pots, with the before mention- 

 ad compost; and replace them carefully in the 

 same frame, attending to tnem as before. When 

 the roots have nearly filled these last pots, shift 

 into thirty-twos, and, in due time, they will ulti- 

 mately require twenty-fojrs ; or, if they have 

 grown rapidly, even eighteens. After being fairly 

 established in these, they may be removed into a 

 vineyard, peach, or other forcing house, there to 

 remain till the end of March or beginning cf April 

 when they may be turned out into the open air 

 between the aspara^^us beds, or any other warm 

 and well sheltered spot. They will require to be 

 put in pretty deep, and protected by hand glasses, 

 or at least by boughs of trees, that they may not 

 suffer from the sudden transition or inclement 

 skies. It is hardly necessary to add that the 

 whole success of this mode of culture depends en- 

 tirely on the plants receiving no check in any 

 stage of their growth, either from want of timely 

 re-potting, water, air, or sufficient protection from 

 frost. While in the house, if not supplied witli 

 water in pans, they are very liable to button, and 

 thereby wholly defeat the end in view. 



The Lincolnshire Agricultural Society has giv- 

 en a prize often guineas to one man, for having 

 had seventeen children (ten living) and been forty 

 years in the service of one master ; and another 

 of five guineas, for twenty fi e children gotten 

 (ten living) and a service of forty-one years. — 

 These premiums seem to have been well merited 

 by the length of service ; but, as to the children, 

 there is something revolting in rewarding persons 

 for calling twice as many beings into existence as 

 they were able to nourish and bring up. Premi- 

 •jms for early marriages and large families may be 

 very suitable for new countries like America. 



The powder of horse chesnuts being mixed with 

 a third of flour, is found to make better paste than 

 that made from flour alone. [Mec. Mag. viii. p. 

 223.) We are glad to observe that these nutscan 

 be applied to some useful purpose, and hope some 

 country shoemaker or bookbinder will take the 

 hint. 



Small farms arc rapidly melting away on the 

 Marquesse of Lansdowne's property in Queen's 

 county. The farm houses are constructed on an 

 excellent plan, such as promises comfort, and 

 gives temptation to clwanlines, a desideratum in 

 the rural life of Ireland; and munificent allow- 

 ances are granted by this nobleman out of the 

 landlord's rent, towards in.suring a sufficient in- 

 terest, and an inducement to seek after the en- 

 .loyraent of comforts. 



One of the most iinportanl grusses, tor cultiva- 

 tion in the middle states, is certainly the Orchard- 

 grass (Dactylis glomerata,) a stout and tal Igrass, 

 bearing a panicle or irregularly branched (lower- 

 ing culm, terminating in many rough clusters of 

 small, flat and pointed glumes, all in each lobe or 

 cluster inclining one way, and nearly all thesame 

 form and consistence. The seed is small, and 

 falls out of the glume when ripe, though not very 

 readily. The leaves have almost uniformly a 

 plaited or wrinkled margin when they first expand. 



The Darnel, Tare or Lolium, produces its flovi'- 

 ers in a spike almost in the manner of wheat, but 

 the calyx consists of but a single outer valve, and 

 contains a spikelet of many equal flowers like a 

 Festuca. The common species, here naturalized, 

 is perennial, and has beardless flowers ; the an- 

 nual kind, in Europe, though, I believfc, seldom in 

 America, ovarruns fields of grain, and where mix- 

 ed in any considerable proportion with wheat, 

 which it resembles, though less in size, produces 

 a bread which is deleterious, and apparently into.t' 

 icatiug. — 



The delightful and well known vanilla odor of 

 new hay is chiefly produced by the presence of 



the Vernal grass, or Anthoxanthuin odoratum 



The flowers, when mature, form a yellow chaffy 

 spike ; the calyx, thin like that of the oat, in- 

 cludes a flower which, at a late period, assumes a 

 browny tinge, and falls out inclosing the seed : 

 each of its valve produces an aivn, one of them 

 nearly from the base, the other trom near the tip 

 of the vahe ; there are also two minute abortive 

 rudiments of flowers, near the base of the true 

 flower glume. This grass is likewise remarka- 

 bln for producing only two, in place of three sta- 

 mens. — 



Without possessing anything specious in their 

 flowers, no class of flowers add so much to the 

 beauty of the landscape as the grasses: their 

 presence marks the distinction between desolate 

 sterility, and verdant plenty ; a very important 

 part of the food of man, and the whole of that of 

 his principal domestic animals depend upon this 

 panied by an engraving, representing the mode of | important tribe of plants. The industry of man is 

 training dwarfs aud standards. Gentlemen in J requisite to the very existence of the grain he 

 Ireland" might write for it to be sent by post. — employs for food, while that part of this family 

 When a second edition is called for we would re- | necessary for the food of animals is every where 

 commend Mr. Lindsay to compare the spelling of spontaneous, and perennial, and scarcely denied 



to any climate in the world. 



At a meeting of the Hartford Agricultural So- 

 ciety, holden on the 27th Tebruary, 1828, the fol-^ 

 lowing gentlemen were elected honorary mem- 

 bers: Hon. Gorham Pnrsons, of Ms. — Hon. John 

 Amory, of Md. — John S. Skinner, Esq. of Bait. — 

 Hon. Jonathan Roberts, of Penn. — Hon. William 

 Jarvis, of Vt.— Hon- H. W. Dwight, of Ms.— Hon. 

 S. T. Uosmer, of Con. — J Prince, Esq. of Ms. — 

 Hon. J. Wells, of Ms. 



An unciescribed Shrub, which supplies wliole- 

 some and limpid water, has been discovered in our 

 new Indian countries, from whose stem, when di- 

 vided there issues a copious vegetable spring of 

 limpid and wholesome water. 



SuGAR/)-oni licet Root. — At a dinner recently 

 given by the town of Amiens to the King of 

 France, there was placed on the table, opposite 

 His Majesty, an immense column composed of 

 sugar, manufactured from the Sugar beet root, at 

 Franvillers, near Amiens. The column consisted 

 of four different qualities of refined sugar, and 

 chrystals of raw sugar formed the pedestal. The 

 manufacture of sugar from beet-root seems to be 

 making great advances in France. 



Myrrh. — A rewara of 25/, or a gold medal of 

 equal value, has been offered by the Medico-Bot 

 anical Society, for an accurate description of the 

 plant yielding the myrrh, which is supposed to be 

 merely the produce of the Auiyris Kataf. 



Burnet, Poterium sunguisorba, so much used by 

 the French and Italians in their salads, is of so 

 cheering and exhilarating a quality, that it has 

 passed into a proverb in Italy, that no salad can 

 be good without it. 



Mulberriis and fValnuts. — One of the charac- 

 teristics of the present age is the quickness with 

 which productions are obtained, for which formerly 

 we were obliged to wait many years. A friend of 

 mine, who has not planted his garden more than 

 t.vo years, has already gathered mulberries and 

 walnuts; the latter are fr'im considerable trees, 

 which had borne m the nursery belbre removal, 

 and which were obtained from Hanison and Co. 

 from Bromplon; the former are from standard 

 trees fiom Luchanan's nursery, Cambervvell, which 

 contains the largest plants of this tree in the 

 trade ; many of them have born fruit for two or 

 three years, and when removed to a private gar- 

 den with care, will bear the first year. 



A selection of names of hardy Fruit trees is 

 just published, in one sheet or table, by Mr. Ed- 

 ward Lindsay, nurseryman, Belfast. It is accoin 



the names with that of the Horticultural Society's 

 catalogue. 



Extracts from NuUall's Litroduclion to Botany. 

 Nearly all the fine fruit trees and flowers of the 

 family of the Rosacea; which we generally culti- 

 vate, originate in temperate climates. Tiie apple 

 has been obtained fiom the wild Crahtree of 

 Northern Europe ; the Pear from the very un- 

 promising wilding of the same country, but bears 

 a warm climate better than the apple. The Quince 

 (Cydonia) is found in wild hedges and rocky pla- 

 ces in the south of Europe. The Plum (Prunus 

 domestien) is likewise indigenous to the south of 

 Europe, but scarcely eatable in its native state. 

 That variety called the Damason, or the egg- 



The bills for the improvement of Connecticut 

 River, and for the extension of the Hampshire 

 and Hampden Canal have passed the House of 

 Representatives in Alassachusetls. 



.'Monument to Governor Cli<iton. — A meeting was 

 sliaped plum, was probably introduced from Syria. ' hi^ld at Buffalo on tlje 28th, to concert measures 

 The Peach (Jlmygdalus per.'.ica) is the produce of for the erection of two monuments to the memory 



Persia. The Almond occurs wild in the hedges 

 of Morocco. The Cherry (Prunus eerasus) is 

 the product of Cerasonte; the Apricot of Armenia; 

 the Pomegranate [Punica granctium) of Persia 

 and Carthage. 



of Dewit Clinton, to be located at the extremities 

 of the Erie canal, at Buft'alo and Albany ; and to 

 appoint a committee who shall act in concert with 

 a like one of the city of Albany, in furtherance of 

 the proposed measure. 



