Vol. 6.— No. 39. 



NEW ENGLAND FARMER. 



307 



four centd u pojnd, on cheese, imported, was con- 

 tinued. 



Now, sir, let Mr. Pomeroy and your otiier read- 

 ers, compare the laws, ns they may be found in 

 Ihe statute book, with Mr. Pomeroy's Btntement. 

 The mere inspection will be sufficient for my pur- 

 pose ; and comments would be superfluous! 



On roadinj; Mr. Pomeroy's communication to it.'! 

 conclusion, 1 find that there is nothing more in it, 

 ^vhich requires animadversion. If he chooses to 

 take the nnJi-t.-iritf bill, now before Consfress, as a 

 specimi-n of what is wanted by the true friends of 

 the ".\merican System," and to deprecate the de- 

 tails of that bill, his supposition is erroneous, how- 

 ever well directed may be his objections. 



Providence, April 12, 1828. VV. E. R. 



will swell considerably and come up much sooner ; 1 plate or stoves. The cream remains upon the 

 all the bugs will be destroyed and found floating milk in this slate, until quite cold, when it may be 



on the top of the water. In fact I have very fe 

 and venly believe, if the plan was universally a- 

 doptcd, we should not hear any moro about buggy 

 peas ; but if here and there a slovenly neighbour 

 should neglect this rule, the flying weavil would 

 pass from his field, to his more careful neighbours 

 as readily, as the miller from the neglected apple 

 and wild cherry trees to the better attended ones 

 of his neighbours, depositing the eggs of the cat- 

 erpillar for the ne.\t year. P. 



FOR THE SEW ENGLAND FARMER. 



Mr. Fessf.nden, — I learn with regret that Ma- 

 jor Jaqiies has lost the celebrated bull Coelebs. — 

 This I consider not only a heavy loss to the enter- 

 prising owner but a loss to the public, believing 

 it will not be an easy matter readily to supply the 

 place of that fine animal. 



If sir, "he who contrives to make two spires of 

 grass grow where but one grew before be entitled 

 to rank with the benefactors of mankind ;" it fol- 

 lows, that he who contrives to make one spear of 

 grass produce as much beef or as much milk ,ts 

 two did before is entitled to the same distinction. 

 I am not so visionary as to believe this advanttige 

 can ever be fully realised ; much however, has 

 been done, and much more may be done, tending 

 to this result. 



I am surprized at the apathy of our agricultural 

 brethren on this subject, and the indifference so 

 manifest in the community generally towards our 

 agricultural societies. The advantages which 

 have and must continue to accrue to the public 

 from the operations of the Massachusetts Agricul- 

 tural Society, are incalculable. The public spirit 

 of the founders and liberal supporters of this in- 

 stitution is in my opinion by no means duly appre- 

 ciated ; succeeding generations while reaping the 

 fruits of their labors will bless their memories as 

 public benefactors. 



Among the objects of this Society improvement 

 in the breed of stock I believe is, and I think de- 

 servedly so, one of the most prominent. In this 

 pursuit the gentleman above mentioned appears 

 engaged heart and soul, so far as his location and 

 facilities admit, but these compared with his ac- 

 tivity and perseverance are quite limited. It is 

 much to b« desired that his zeal should be exert- 

 ed in a field commensurate with his abilities, and 

 we have no fear that it would not be as benuficial 

 to the public as satisfactory to himself. I 



A FRIEND TO IMPROVEMENT, 



removed into a churn, or, as is more frequently the 

 case, into an open vessel, and there moved by a 

 stick about a foot long, at the end of which is fix- 

 ed a sort of peal, from four to six inches in diam- 

 eter, and with which about 12 lbs. of butter may 

 be separated from the buttcr-niilk at a time. 



"The butler in both cases, being found to sepa- 

 rate much more freely, and sooner to coagulate 

 into a mass, than in the ordinary way, when churn- 

 ed from raw cream that may have been several 

 days in gathering ; and at the same time will an- 

 swer a more valuable purpose for preserving, which 

 should be first salted in the nsual way : then pla- 

 ced in convenient sized egg-shaped earthen crocks, 

 and always kept covered with a picklo made stronc 

 enough to floa- and buoy up about half out of the 

 brine, a now laid egg. This cream, before churn 

 ing is the clouted cream so much celebrated in 

 Devonshire. Although it would be reasonable to 

 suppose, that the scalding of the milk must have 

 occasioned the whole of the oily or unctuous mat- 



FOR THE NEW ENGLAND FARMER. 



I TEAZELS. 



Mr.. Fessenden, — For the information of your 

 I Bristol correspondent, who inquires respecting 



teazels in your last paper, I send you the follow- 

 > ing, derived from persons who for a number of 



years have cultivated them on farms in my neigh- 

 borhood : They thrive best in a deep loamy soil ; 



the ground is made mellow by 2 or 3 plough- 



ings and well harrowed. The latter part of April , ^ ,-•■,,. 



the seeds are sown in drills, twenty inches apart ;l'r'° 1°™. "P"" /l^-^ ^"^f""' f" experience 



and thinned in the drills to 1 fool distant; must be '''^"" ^'''' " '"" "'^ ^'^^^' ""'' ">at the scalded 



kept free from weeds until autumn, when the 



plants are slightly protected during the winter by 



some coarse litter. In the following spring they 



are to be uncovered and the weeds kept down un- 

 til the latter part ol the summer, when the head 



will be ripened and must be picked as they turn 



brown and thoroughly dried. 

 It sometimes happens, that a part of the plants 



do not produce heads the second year. Such 



plants they remove into a bed by themselves, and 



they produce a crop the third year. 

 I The following is e.\tracled from M'Mahon and 

 lagrees in substance with the foregoing : 

 1 Dipsacus fullonum, or Fuller's teazels. This 



phnt is propagated by sowing this seed in March 



or April, upon a soil that has been well ploughed. 



It is observed that good wheat land is well adapted 



for the production of teazels. From 1 to 2 pecks 



of seed is sown upon an acre, and harrowed in 



with a light harrow. When the plants are up, 



lioe them in the same manner as practised for 



turnips, cutting down the weeds and singling out 



:he plants to six or eight inches. Hoe them a 



second time, cutting out the plants to about one 



foot asunder, and keep them free from weeds. — 



The second year the plants will shoot up stalks 



with heads which will be fit for collecting in Au- 

 gust, observing that they are to be collected as 



they turn brown and ripen. 



A RHODEISLANDER. 

 JVorth Providence, Aptil 14, 1828. 



FOR THE NEW ENGLAND FARMER. 



Mr. Fessendeiv, — Hnving seen pieces occasion- 

 ally in your very useful " New England Farmer" 

 on the subject of Peas, time of planting same, for 

 preventing bugs, &c. I will mention a very simple 

 plan 1 have for several years adopted, so many 

 that I begin to think it originated with me — Im- 

 mediately before planting I put the peas in a tub, 

 and pour very hot water on them, keep stirring for 

 one or two minutes, and have cold water at land 

 to pour on sufficient to cover them one or two imh- 

 es, leaving it not more than blood warm, for one 

 or two hours before planting, in which time (hey 



FOR THE NEW ENGLAND FARMER. 



MANAGEMENT OP DAIRIES IN DEVON- 

 SHIRE, ENGIiAND. 



" The milk is put into tin or earthen pans, hold- 

 ing about ten or twelve quarts each. The even- 

 ing's meal is placed, in the following morning, and 

 the morning's milk is placed in the afternoon, up- 

 on broad iron plates, heated by a small furnace, or 

 otherwise over stoves, where, exposed to a gentle 

 fire, they remain until after the whole body of 

 cream is supposed to have formed upon the sur- 

 face, which being gently removed by the edge of 

 a spoon or ladle, small air bubbles will begin to 

 rise, that denote the approach of a boiling heat, 

 when the pans must be removed off the heated 



ed 

 skimmed milk is much richer and better for the 

 purposes of suckling, and makes far better cheese 

 than the raw skimmed milk does. 



"The ordinary produce of milk per day, for the 

 first twenty weeks after calving is three gallons, 

 and is equal to the producing of a pound and dK 

 quarter of butter daily, by the scalding process. 

 The scalded skimmed milk is valued at 1 Jd. per 

 quart, either for cheese making or feeding hogs. 

 The sum of the trials, procured to be made on 

 the milk in several parts of this district, gives an 

 average cf twelve pints of milk to ten ounces of 

 butter, w hen cheese is to be made (but in which 

 manufacture there does nut appear to be any su- 

 perior BAcellence in Devonshire,) great care is 

 taken that the milk is not heated so far as to pro- 

 duce bubbles under the cream. 



" Although these statements will be found con- 

 siderably short of the average produce from cowe 

 of a larger size, and probably much better adapt- 

 ed for the pail, still there are not wanting instan- 

 ces of what must be regarded as extraordinarr 

 produce among the North Devon cows. 



•" In the neighbourhood of Molland Bouceaux, t 

 single cow, judged to be rather less than eight 

 score per quarter, within three weeks from the 

 lime of calving, yielded, in seven successive days, 

 seventeen pounds and a half of butter ; several of 

 the meals of milk were measured during this 

 time, which gave an average of fourieen pints 

 per meal : instances also occurred in other parts 

 of the district of two pounds of butter per day be- 

 ing obtained from cows within a short time after 

 calving ; and it is particularly clear in the recol 

 lection of a gentleman in the neighbourhood o^ 

 Bishop's Tawton, that some years since a cow of 

 the common red breed, after her second or third 

 calf, which she had between Michaelmas [27th 

 Sept.] and Christmas yielded, without any particu 

 lar attention being paid to food or treatment, du- 

 ring a considerable time of the ensuing winter, 

 two pounds and a half of butter per day ; thiscow 

 living at the time in common with the other dairy 

 cows, which were permitted in the day time tc 

 range over all the old pasture grounds, and regu- 

 larly foddered morning and evening with hay ic 

 the same field." — VancQxiver''s Survetj of Devon 

 shire. 



