326 



NEW ENGLAND FARMER. 



May 2. If^'H- 



JVEW ENGLAND J' ARMER. 



BOSTON, FRIDAY, MAY 2, 1828. 



May, transplant them into the open garden. As 

 the plants come up, and advance from three to six 

 inches in growth, hoe somo earth to the stems, 

 cutting down all weeds. When they begin to send 

 forth runners, place suitable supports to each row ; 

 and conduct the tendrih to the sticks or lines, 



KIDNEY BEAN — Phaseolus vulgaris. 

 This plant and it.s usfc are too well known to re 

 quire any description The sorts mentioned in Mr. j turning them in a contrary direction to the sun. 

 Jluasell's catalogue are kidney divarfs, or springs ;\ The ascending plants will soon come into flower, 

 early yellow nanberry— ea ly Mohawk, [which podding at the joints, in long succession. They 

 will bear a smart frost without injury] — early ! are so prolific, thai the returns from three sow- 

 yellow six weeks early Canadiiin dwarf — early lings, May, June, and July, will last from July till 



dwarf cluster — early dun colored, or Quaker — 'October, 



early China dwarf — Inrge white kidney dwarf — | The pea, English bean, and kidney bean, are 

 while cranberry dwarf— red cranberry dwarf-War- liable to the attacks of various insects, especially 

 rington. or marrow — refugee, or thousand to one | the aphides, [plant lice] in dry seasons. When 



Rob Roy white cutlass bean of Carolina. Pole] tatly crops are newly sown, or planted, mice will 



or lunnins: benns are, large white Lima — saba, or ^ burrow for and eat the seed, and when it begins 



Carolina scarlet runners — white Dutch runner i to penetrate the soil, it is attacked by snails, slugs, 



Dutch case-knife, or princess — red cranberry — i tbt cut worm, &c. The usual means of guarding 



white cranlierry — [the three last mentioned string against the ravages of insects, must, therefore, be 

 beans], and asparagus, or yard long, dolichns ses- | resorted to by the gardener 



ed m. The drought kept them back — but. uuout 

 sixty-five rods of ground, on which the experiment 

 was made, gave a product of twelve and a half 

 bushels. The crop was too ripe wnen it was har- 

 vested, and as it was cut with a eithe. 1 estimated 

 that about two and a half bushels were left upon 

 the ground. No labor was bestowed upon them 

 from the time they were sown till they were har 

 vested." 



quipedalis. 



Tiie following directions for the culture of the 

 bean in gardens are from McMahon : "Towards 

 the latter end of April, [or the fore part of May, 



As regards the field culture of the bean, we 

 would observe, that the white kind, which is most 

 generally approved of in New Enghind, will pro- 

 duce pretty good crops, on poor, sandy, or gravel 



in New England] you may plant a first crop of ily soils; but when planted oi such ground, it 

 kindey beans in the open ground. Select a warm, good husbandry to wet and roll them in plaster 



dry, and favorably situated spot, and having dug 

 and monurcil it properly, draw drill.: an inch deep, 

 and two feet or thirty inches asunder ; drop the 

 beans therein, two inches apart, and draw the 

 earth equally over them ; do not cover them more 

 than an inch deen ; for at this ear.v time they are 

 iiable to rot, if cold or wet ensun. The kinds pro- 

 per to be sown now ore the early cream-colored, 

 speckled, yellow, and white dwarfs " 



Loudon gives the followine directions for the 

 culture of runners, pole beans, as they are com- 

 monly called in this country : Thp runner kidney 

 beans may be sown in a small portion towards the 

 end of Aj>ril, [about the middle of May in New 

 England], if tolprnbly warm, dry weather ; but as 



before planting. They may be planted in hills 

 or drills, the rows two and a half or three feet 

 apart, according to the strength of the soil, and 

 cultivated like other hoed crops. They may be 

 planted the latter end of May, or beginning of 

 June, or about the time of planting Indian corn. 

 If planted in hills, they may be placed from four 

 teen to twenty four inches apart in rows, and the 

 rows the distance before mentioned. Five beans 

 are quite enough to remain in a hill. Hogs' dung 

 mixed with ashes, is said to be the best manure 

 for them ; and it is said to be very injurious to 

 beans to hoe them while the dew is on, or in wet 

 weather. 



Judge Buel, of Albany, has given the following 



these beans are rather more tender than the dwarf, notices of some experiments, in the field culture 

 sorts, more li.ible to rot in the ground by wet and i of this vegetable : " Beans may be cultivated in 

 cold, especially the scarlets, the beginning or mid- i drills or in hills. They are a valuable crop ; and, 

 die of May [first of June in New England] will : with good care, are as profitable as a wheat crop 



FACTS, 



Condensed from the London Quaterly Jouraal of Science and 

 the Arts. 

 Common salt applied as a manure in gardens 

 will quickly destroy snails. 



Apples may be kept the whole year round by 

 being immersed in grain, which receives noinjury 

 from their contact. If it was universally practised 

 we should hear no complaints of decayed and rot- 

 ten apples. 



All trees with spreading branches accommodate 

 the direction of llie lower branches to the sur- 

 face of the earth over which they e.\tend, and all 

 the branches hold a parallel direction to the earth's 

 surface. 



Soap stone powdered fine and mixed with oil 

 diminishes friction, and is an excellent substitute 

 for the usual composition applied to carriage 

 wheels. 



100 wt. of raw meat will yield 67 of roast meat 

 or 50 boiled and 200 basins of broth. 



To measure the velocity of a cannon ball, let 

 the ball liberate the works of a time-keeper at the 

 moment when it quits the mouth of the piece and 

 make it also stop the time-keeper when it strikes 

 an obstacle. 



Ink can be made from a decoction of logwood as 

 well as from an infusion of galls. 



It is said by some that the formation of pearls is 

 always due to the introduction of some extraneous 

 substance in the shells of the iish 



The common elm growing in a forest and in 



good earth acquires its full increase in about one 



hundred and fifty years, but it will live many ages 



even five or six-hundred years. 



When the upper branches of a tree die, it indi- 



be time enough to sow a considerable crop; and They leave the soil in good tilth. The China j '^.^''^^ that the central wood is undergoing altera- 



you may sow a full crop about the beginning of bean, with a red eye, is to be preferred. They ' ''°". """^ "'^ "''"' go'n? to decay. 



June. Allot principally the scarlet and large white ' ripen early, and are very productive. I cultivated I '^'"® S'ass bottles containing olives in good 



runners. Some Dutch runners are very eligible i beans the last year in three different ways, viz. in ' P''®*'^"^"°" ^''^'^ '"°"'"* '" ""^ excavations at 



as a secondary crop. The first crops should have ] hills, in drill, and sowed broad-cast. I need not j "P^"" . 



the assistance of a south wall. Intermediate crops I describe the first, which is a well known process. | ^ solution of caoutchouc in oil of turpentine 



may be sown in any open compartment, or against : I had an acre in drills, which was the best crop I '• "^^^ *^ * ^'^^ *''"■ P*P^'' "'" effectually prevent 



any fence not looking north. The latest sown ever saw. My management was this: On an acre ! '^^ '"j"''^ ''>' ""'^^' ''"'"'''''y °'' '"*^*='^- 



will continue bearing longer under a good aspect 

 and shelter. In sowing, draw drills about an inch 

 and a half, or not more than two inches deep. Let 

 parallel rows be at least four feet asunder, to ad- 

 mit in the intervals sticks or poles for the plants 

 to climb on. Place the beans in the drills four 

 inches apart, and earth tbem in evenly the depth 

 of the drills. A row contiguous to a fence or 

 building may ascend upon lines. Some may be 

 sown in a single row along a border, or on each 

 side of a walk, and have the support of a slight 



of light ground, where the clover had been frozen] ^'''^ '°°^^ "'" ''" "''^ black-mulberry tree sent 

 out the preceding winter, I spread eight loads of K°''''' shoots after lying in an apparently inactive 

 long manure, and immediately ploughed and har-^''^'" *'°'' 24 yeaie. 



rowed the ground. Drills or furrows were then ^'^'^'^ ''«^^^^ "'='>' ^^ ?''°"'° ^' ^^'^ ''J' sowing the 

 made with a light plough, at the distance of two 1 ^''^'^^ "" ''"'^'^ flannel well cleansed and moisten- 

 anda half feet, and tho beans sown alon^ thej'''*- P"t that flannel on a board which can be hung 

 furrows about the 25th of May. by the hand. atj"P- P'"^® °" ""^ fl'*""^' °" *^'"'"'> "'^ •"''^''^ "® 

 the rate of at least a bushel on the acre. I then ]^°'^" another piece of flannel fastened to a thick 

 gauged a double mould-board plough, which was ''°*''''- "^"''^ °^ ^^^° "PP^"" '"""''^ "^ ^°°" ""^ "'^^ 

 passed once between the rows, and was followed 1^"^'^= ''^^^ ^^-®*'''e''' ^"y 24 hours. In six or 

 by a light one-horse roller, which flattened the i ^®''''° '^"y^' ''' K''°'' weather, the crop will be two 



trellis of laths and lines; or they might be crched I ridges. The crop was twice cleaned of weeds, by '"'^'"^^ high— It is then fit for use. Be careful to 



over with similar materials to form a shady walk ' ' " " " ' ' ' 



or bower. In a cold, wet season, or when requi- 

 site, to have a few plants more forward than the 

 general crop, some scarlets may be sown in April, 

 cither in .i slight hot bed, or in pots, under frames 

 of hand-glasses, to raise and forward the plants. 



the hoe, but not earthed. The product was more '^^^P ^^^ f^^rme] clivm/s wet. 

 than forty-eight bushels, by actual measurement. 

 The beans brought me one dollar the bushel last 



JVolice. 



foil TVirt *i,:.,i ~ •„. 4 Ti ■ The owner of the Horse Columbus, recentiv owned by the Mas- 



tall. The third experiment was likewise upon a sachuseus Agricuhural .Society h; sending his address lo the 

 piece of ground where the clover had been killed, publislier of Uie New England Farmer, win hear of someiliinsr 

 -- -..- ^.„...., It was ploughed about the first of June, the seed '• his advantage. N. B-Anj, person knowing the address oV 

 till two cr three inrlir-'! liio-h • tlinr, «> <i j ^ ii i ,- /- , ■ the owner will comer a favor t>y uiforming the coilor as above. 



1111 iwo cr inreo inciics nigh , then, at the end of sown like peas, upon the first furrow, and barrow- ; New York, April 28th 1823. 2t m. 2 



