S42 



NEW ENGLAND FARMER. 



May 16, 1828. 



ficulty. From the rind, as well as the wnouysub 

 stance of the stalk, Dr Schaeffer has produced a 

 very good white writing paper ; though that man- 

 ufactured by M. De Villette, in France, was of a 

 dark green colour. The seeds on expression, af 

 ford an useful lamp-oil. 



In a medical view, the whole plant, and partic- 

 ularly the root, is esteemed to be diuretic ; and 

 has, therefore, been rccommendeil in the jaundice 

 and in nephritic coinplaints. A leaf, if plated on 

 the tongue, and pressed against the roof of the 

 mouth, is said to be efSc:cious in bleeding at the 

 nose ; and instances have occurred, in which par- 

 alytic limbs have been recovered by stinging them 

 with nettles. If credit is due to some authors, the 

 e.ipressed juice of this plant is a valuable remedy 

 to the asthmatic and consumptive. 



Some interesting experiments have been made 

 by M. Zannetini, in Italy ; froui vvhich it r.ppears 

 that the flowers and seed.s of the Common Nettle 

 may, with efficacy be substituted for the Peruvian 

 bark, in all febrile affections, especially in tertian 

 and quartan agues. This native veaetable oper- 



wash them as often as they appear to need it — turnips, niiingel-wurtzel, and oiits. Weiirhtofthc 

 which is alvfays, when the bark is not smooth." sheep alive, one 239 lbs., another 24411)3. dead. 

 MANURK^ '°^^ 158 lbs., the other 149 lbs. 



Farm-yard dung, it is well known, is greatly re- ' ' "" '""^e and more convinced I am right in the 

 duced in value by being e.xpo.ed to ihe atmosphere ""^^'^ ^l'"^'"^' ' ^'™; '^'^^ °^ Srov^'^'S long, fine, 

 in small heaps, previous to being .spread ; and still f ""f^' M"'"" "'""l ^'>' combing. I am satisfied 



f. L • J T. r .'r • r. " 's practicable, that the farmer who anolies his 



more after being spread. Its fertilising fjualities ,. i;. , ' ., , ' .' , "PP'ies ni.= 



i_ .ju.i- uiK.u attention and skil to his obiect. wi 1 find an ad- 



are exhausted , by the sun — washed awav by the , , '" "= ""j^ci, wm imu an au 



rains, or diffused in the air. and what remains is ">"? '"/,f "J" '" '^^ ^^'^ °^ 7"' """^ '"""<'•'■" 

 worth but little. This is more particularly the .. ^^'- ^,^'^''"' "^^f ■".''' ^"I'S'quent communica-. 

 case with long fresh dung, the greater part of 'O", " The principal object that I had in view was, 

 which consists of straw wot with liquid manure, '° "^=''^° '^"°"'" "'^ '^-^^^ f«=' 'hat the animal 

 which may be almost wholly lost to the farmer, 

 by evaporation; and as Mr. Arthur Young ex- 

 pressed it, be rather applied to "manure the at 



[the Anglo-Merino sheep] will carry its fleece in 



all its strength and bpauty, three years. I have 



produced the article such as was never seen or 



, „ ., .1 1 r- u- I. -^ • , „j I contemplated before, most people suoposincr that 



mosphere," than the soil for which it was intend- 1 . \_ . ., ■ o ' '■"r"' °"hF"='"d '■"'" 



, . ,, ri r .If A „j ; sheep shed their fleece every year, 



ed. All careful farmers, therefore, spread and x j . ., , , ■ 



,...,. r, ,•■ .. I do not propose the wool shouU 



plough in their manure as soon as possible alter it 



uld be more than 



. . ^ u 1 1 111-. - • two years' growth, which would require one vear's 



IS brougiit to the land; and while it remains in ^.■' ^, ' . ,, . t: i i t- une jrear t, 



^ _ cutting. 1 he sheep shou 



., , J ,. m, I ■•n up at about sixteen or eigh 



avoided to rain and sun-shine. 1 net dung hills "^ "^ 



IS brouffiit to the laml ; and while it remains in ^.- „'; , , ,, , , j-— - 



., , ,1 -^ .. II i,„ cutting. Ihe sheep should be wethers, and out 



the yard thev e.xpose It no more than can well be . u . ■ - i lo, anu pui, 



- , J , "- J , • rrn I ■•11 up at about sixteen or eighteen months old." — 



avoided to rain and sun-shine. Thei dung hills J; . ■, ^ ^, „ 



„ J -.u .L L- u 1 Iravsacltons of the tSocieiy for ihe Encourasement 



I are often covered with earth, which receives and fait An o.- ^i n^ ^vu,iuQ^n,^n'. 



, J., , , 1- ■ r , 1 ■ I preserves tor use tne gaseous products oi ier;iien- 



ates more speedily than the foreign bark ; and, in if . , , .^? [. . ,., , . 



, J ■ , ■ , , , , tation and decomposition ; and the manure left by 



large doses, induces a leth^irmo sleep: the per- „, - ., j - -.u j u i, 



cutt e in the open yard is either preserved by be- 



of Arts, S,-c. V 45, p-36,('l,-^27y. 



ep : the per 

 tion to be given ought never to exceed one drachm, 

 and should bo administered in wine, two or three 

 times in the course of 24 hours. The same cau- 

 tious that are necessary in the use of the Peruvi- 

 an bark, arc likewise to be observed in taking the 

 seeds and flowers of the nettle. Lastly, M. Zan- 

 netini recommends a slight infusion of the latter, 

 m wine, as an excellent preservative for those 

 who reside in marshy and unwholesome situations. 

 Domestic Encyclopedia. 



DANDELION. 



A valuable communication on the cultivation of 

 the dandelion in gardens, by Gen. Dfarborn, 

 will he found on the first page of this day's paper. 

 We think this vegetable bids fair to be a general 

 and profitable occupant of our kitchen gardens — 

 The Caledonian Horticultural Memoirs assert that 

 " The leaves [of the dandelion] in early spring, 

 when just unfolding, afford a very good ingredient 

 in salads. The French sometimes ea* the young 

 roots and the etiolated leaves with their slices of 

 bread and butter. When blanched, the leaves 

 considerably resemble those of endive in taste. — 

 The root is considered an equally good substitute 

 for coffee as chichory, and may like that plant, be 

 stored in cellars or barrels for producing winter 

 salad." Should the dandelion improve as much 

 6y cultivation, as the parsnip and carrot, which in 

 their wild state are worth but little, it will be a 

 great acquisition to ou' garden vegetables. 



WASH FOU FRUIT TREES. 



A gentleman, who has been greatly henefiteil in 

 his horticultural pursuits by a wush for fruit trees, 

 recommended by Mr B'-nj Wheeler, of Framing- 

 ham, Mass. the receipt for which was published in 

 the New F.ngland Farmer, Vol. iv. page 348 — ad- 

 vises us to republish said receipi, as it cannot be 

 too generally known, nor too extensively practis- 

 ed. Mr. Wheeler's presotjption is "to dissolve 2 

 pounds of potash of the first quality in 7 quarts of 

 water for the bodies of trees. If the limbs are 

 covered with moss or lice, 1 take a painter's brush 

 and apply the solution to the moss. Sic. with care 

 not to touch the leaves or buds. It may be done 

 at any time of the year, when we are most at leis- 

 ure. Once in from two to four years is generally 

 sufficient. I have no general rule, however, but 



away by rain or dried up by the sun. 



The degree of decomposition to which farm 

 yard dung should arrive befoie it can be deemed 

 a profitable manure must depend on the texture 

 of the soil, the nature of the plants, and the time 

 of its application. Loudon says, "in general, clay- 



JVew Holland. — The London Quarterly Review 



, -,, . .1 ,... , ,, ■ has an article on Cunningham's " Two years in 



ing mi.xed with straw, or other litter, or shovelled ., o .u ^ir i <> r l- , .y<jaio n. 



, . I L -. • .111.1 II "6w South Wales," from which we gather the 



under a shed, where it is not liable to be washed „ „ - .it.,,,. ^ 



following particulars. England first sent convicts 



to New-Holland in 1T88. At that time there was 



not a civisi.?,ed being, nor an European animal on 



the Island. Now there are 40,00(» inhabitants ; — 



200,(100 sheep ; 100,000 cattle ; three newspapers ; 



two banks ; several distilleries, one of which con- 



., . - r - . J sumes 50,000 bushels of grain in a year : 32 steam 



ey soils, as more tenacious of moisture, and more . , , . ... ,":-, , ■' J,;^~ 



,•'„,,,. , ,- ,- ■ wind, and water mills ; 13 breweries ; 50 vessels 



benefited by being rendered incohcsive and por- . ., . , .„ „ i i r., - t , '^'=""='=' 



^ . " 1 J J .u in the trade with England, China, Inc la, &c. ; — 



ous, may receive manure less decomposed than , , , , ,■ . 



1, 1 ■ J . - -1 ■ t! „ 1 . schools ; churches ; reading rooms ; pianos : nost 



well pulverized turnip soil requires. .Some plants, « . , , . < . m'''">^'> > k""" 



too. seem to thrive better with fresh dung than "ffi-^;^ ;/»ge coaches ; mechanics of all kinds ;_ 



others, potatos, in particular ; but all the small thrifty farmers, &c. Of the adult inhabitants, a- 



seeded plants, such as turnips, clover, carrots, &c. h°"t one half are convicts in servitude, one fourth 



which are extremely tender in the early stage of ';''"^''='^ "'*'° .h^^^ been emancipated, and one 



their growth, require to he pushed forward into ^° ^J. J^" emigrants. There are three males to 



luxuriant vegetation, with the least possible delay, 



by means of short dung. c.. _ d \ \ '~T^ T \ _ . „ „ . 



' , T,, , ^ V 1 • 1 Sugar Beet. — A writer in the Pans BuHe/tn o/ 



" The season when manure is applied, is also a c....-.,„„ c ^ ^o^o , """••"••{/ 



, . , . . , A licxences for January lb28, says — that the sweet 



a material circumstance. In spring and summer . . . ■' , - •' , , ,. 



.... . f. .1. u . ""^t appears te prosper best in the northern cli- 



when it 13 used for grain or grass crops the object '^ ' 



ie to produce an immediate effect, and it should ,, „ . ,,, i ., . ., , - , , ■ 



., c V. 1.11 1 .1 '"^ Antilles — and that the beet yields the great 



therefore be more completely decomposed than . j u . i- <• ■ . , 



, u • . ■ 1 ■ 1 ■ . ..est and best quality of sugar in the early part o 



may be necessary when it is laid on in autumn for , ' •' " j i- ... « 



mates — that the sugar is at least equal to that of 



it- 



Of 

 season. 



The writer further remarks, that if the discove- 

 ries and improvements in this species of produc- 

 tion shall continue to be made for a abort time. 



m.iy be necessary 



a crop whose condition will be almost stationary 



for many months more." — Sup. Enc. Bri. &xl.Jigri, 



LONG WOOL. 



The British Society for the encouragement of with as good success as heretofore, the superiori- 

 arts, manufactures, and commerce, have awarded fy of the cane for producing sugar will be of short; 

 n premium to Charles Callis Western Esq. M. P. duration. The above suggestions imply an exten- 

 for a specimen of long and fine Anglo-Merino sive production of this article, of an amount suffi- 

 wool. j cient to be taken consideration in the speculations 



In a communication to the Society, Mr. Western • and estimates respecting the West India trade. — 

 thus describes a sample of this wool : The wool . Boston Bulletin. 



will be of three ytars' growth next clipping time, j , 



I took it off this morning from the backs of two i Cheap and ejicacious Manure. — Raise a plat- 

 wether sheep. I drew it from the skin with quite ' form of earth on the head-land of a field, eight 

 as much difficulty as if it had only been of one I 'eet wid«. one foot high, and of any length, accord- 

 year's growth, and with as much pain to the ani- ing to the quantity wanted. On this first stratum 

 mills. You will observe the strength and clas- .of earth, lay a thin stratum of lime, fresh from Ihe 

 ticity of the wool, and the impossibility of discover- kiln ; dissolvp or slack this with salt brine from the 

 ing any difference in each successive years growth, rose of a watering pot ; a<ld immediately another 

 I estimate the weight of one fleece at 25 lbs., the i layer of earth, then lime and brine as before, car- 



other at 28 or 301bs., in the grease, 



The food of the sheep has been according to 

 the season, tares and clover, green grass, hay, 



rying it to any convenient height. In a week it 

 should be turned over, carefully broken, and mix- 

 ed, so that the whole mass may be thoroughly in- 



