NEW j:NGL.A]yi» FARMEK. 



Published by John B. Rcssell, at J^o. 52 JVorth Market Street, (over the Agricultural fP'arehouse). — Tbomas G. Fessenden. Editor 



vol.. VI. 



BOSTON, FRIDAY, MAY 23, I8;i8. 



No. 44. 



A G li 1 O U L T U li E . 



PLAJSrER OF PARIS, CLOVER, &c. 



The following extracts are frojii a ■■ Series of 

 Papers, coinmunicaled for llie American Farmer, 

 by (jieo. VV. Jeffreys, Esq. of Norih Carolina 



ihroiigh the apertures — jjut lime, aslies, &c. all in 

 vain. Once the trees are attacked, they invaria- 

 bly die. This is the best tree of the garden ; it 

 produces the most excellent fruit. I ain deter- 

 mined to try on it an experiment, which I have for 

 a long lime thought of, but from which I have 



for rfitardinj^ vegetation, as leeks, Loreuoles, 6ic. 

 Jlccileration by she.lttr, and exposure to the sun, 

 is the simplest, and probably only piirnilive mode 

 of accelerating the vegetation of plants. And 

 hence one of the objects for which wall and 

 hedges are introduced in gardens. A May-duke 



I have been in Ibe habit of using plaster more p^'"'*ys ''^'5" discouraged by my friends saying cherry, trained against a south wall, and another 

 than twenty years, and its effects on every kind of "^'"'' ^^''" l^'" '''«= 'rce. But the tree is already I tree, of the same species, la the o; en comp.irtment 

 vegetation (sedge >J-rass e.xcepted which it dimin- "'' '* dead, and I think there is even prudence in | ot a sheltered garden, were found, by the latf J 

 isiresj are surprisingly great. There is no arable I '''^ "''''• s""=e it leaves at least a possibility— a ''■ ' -'•'"—'•- n, ,:_u. __,. 



lover seed here— neither \ 'i°Pe of saving it 



land left unsown witti _ i 



is plaster of so much benefit tn lani left bare (Jf | " S^eat deal of conversation followed that exi 

 grass ; plaster is not a manure but a stimulus ; it | P*-''^'""^"^ ! some laughed, some found it absurd. I 

 stimulates clover, and clover manures the land ;-r- i ""y^^"" ^''^''^'^ ''"'' c.xamined with anxiety the tree 

 three pecks of plaster are enough as a top drea- "^^'^■'y ^"y- To our great surprise ond satisfac- 

 sing for one acre, and all kinds of small grain in- I ''""' ^^'^r the fall of the faded leaves, the vege- 

 cluding hemp and dax are benefitted by the same j '^"°" ""Csumed all its activity, and a new set of 

 quantity to the acre. Early in the spring we sow I ''^aut'fu'. 'ong- green leaves again covered the 

 plaster on our clover pastures and grain fields ;.^ ! '"'^- Encouraged by this success, all the fruit 

 our sheep are not permitted to run in the clover I "^"^s of the garden, sound or not, were scalded 

 fields in the v\ inter, and are kept out iu the spring,} before the setting in of winter, 

 until the clover is well grown — at this time. also j '^''^ brother of the young lady having taken 

 hogs are permitted to graze upon it, ant if they ! confidence in the operation, and huving himself an 

 are well salted will thrive as long as clov«r laste. | "fcbard of a hundred and fifty fruit trees, apples, 

 The second crop injures the stock, particularly P^^'"S' plums, peaches, &c. of which a few were 

 horses, very much by creating a slavering, and iti "'s° worm-oaten, took the resoludon to have them 

 is best to keep them off, and devote the second h" scalded b^M-e winter. An iron kettle was 

 crop to seed. We generally salt our clover hay,' brought into IW orchard, kept boiling, (water ad- 

 nnd put it under cover, not much together ; mixing '^'^^ ^''O'"' " "ewAboring brook in proportion as it 

 it with straw answers a good purpose. ]n saving i ^^'^s used) and wree or four quarts poured at the 

 clover seed the heads should be gathered quite , ''°'-'o'" °^ each tree, about one foot above the 

 dry, and kept in that state until sown. Those { S^^^d ; care was taken to cause the water to 



follow the trunk and penetrate to the roots, by 

 pouring it round the tree, and not too fastT Thi.s 

 was done to each tree in the orchard with the 

 greatest ease in less than half a day's labor. The 

 same operation was performed again in the spring 

 as scon as the frost was out of the ground. Not 

 a single tree died. Those in bad order revived, 

 and Ihey are all recovered with the most luxuriant 

 blossoms. 



This discovery, for it well deserves the name, 

 will certainly rank among the most useful. I has- 

 ten to send it for your valuable paper ; it should 

 be reprinted in all the publications of this country, 

 for it might save many thousand fruit trees this 

 season from destruction, if known by all gardeners 

 and farmers. 



In former times, a young lady who had become 

 a benefactress of her own country, by her inge- 

 nuity and industry, would have received, as a re- 

 ward, a crown of the finest flowers, with a basket 

 of the best fruit ; but in these dry modern times, 

 let her, at least, receive our best thanks. D. C. 



who sow seeds for market too often heat it, which 

 prevents it from coming up ; the good or bad qual- 

 ity of clover seed may be discovered by filling a 

 glass tumbler half full of water and .Iropping a 

 few seeds in. Those which sink are good, those 

 that swim are generally deprived of their vegetat- 

 ing pojvers — Clean seed should be sown in the 

 following manner. Let the weather be calm 

 (which is also necessary for sowing plaster) and 



let the ground be laid off into eight feet lands ; 



take as much seed as you can between your thumb 

 and two fingers for every two casts or steps, and 

 let the casts not exceed the width of the land." 



PLASTER OF PARIS APPLIED TO SEEDS. 

 Not only Indian Corn, but Peas, Oats, Buck- 

 wheat and probably most other seeds are benefitted 

 hy wetting them with water and then rolling them 

 in plaster. 



From the New York Statesman. 



Kyle, of Moredun, near Edinburgh, on an average 

 of years, to differ a fortnight in the ripening of 

 their fruit. In cold, <lanip, cloudy seasons, they 

 were nearly on a par ; but in dry, warm seasons, 

 those on the wall were sometimes fit to be gather- 

 ed three weeks before the others. It may be here 

 remarked, that though, in cloudy seasons, those on 

 the wall ditl nut ripen before the others ; yet their 

 flavor was, in Koch seasons, better than those of 

 the others, probably from the comparative dryness 

 of their situation. Corn and potatos on the north 

 and soutli sides of a hill, all other circumstances 

 being equal, ripen at about the same relative dis- 

 tance of time. 



Acceleraiing by soils is effected by mapii es of 

 all sorts, but especially by what aie called hot and 

 stimulating manures and composts, as pigeons' 

 dung for cucumbers, blood for vines; and, in gen- 

 eral, as to soils, lime rubbish, sand, and gravel, 

 seem to have th.e power of accelerating vegetation 

 to a much j;re«ter degree than rich clayey or 

 loamy soils, '»• bog or peat earth. 



Accclcrniing by previous preparation of the plaid. 

 is a method of considerable importance, whether 

 taken alone, or in connection with other modes of 

 acceleration. It has long been observed by culti- 

 vators, that early ripened crops of onions and po- 

 tatos sprout, or give signs of vegetation, more 

 early next season than late ripened crops. The 

 same of bulbs of flowers which have been forced, 

 which rc-grow much earlier next season, than 

 those which have been grown in the open air. It 

 was reserved to Knight, however, to turn this to 

 account in the forcing of fruit trees, as related in 

 a paper, accompanied as usual by what renders aK 

 the papers of that eminent horticulturist so trulf 

 valuable — a rationale of the practice. 



FRUIT TREES. 

 What are you doing there madam ? said I last 

 summer, to an industrious and amiable young lady, 

 who herself takes the care of her flower, fruit, aiid 

 kitchen garden ; for mercy sake ! what are you 

 doing there ? Don't you see, answered she; I am 

 scalding this peach tree. Do you want to kill it.' 

 On the contrary, I wish to save it if I can ; the 

 root is worm-eaten — the leaves are curling and 

 withering — it will be dead in a few days, if I do 

 not apply an efficacious remedy. I have lost seve- 

 ral fruit trees this summer by the worms ; in vain 

 have I tried all the means suggested, as to dig 

 round— look for worms — use a wire to kill them 



Frsm Loudon's Encyclopedia of Gardening. 



TO ACCELERATE VEGETATION. 



Accelerating by the form of surface consists in 

 forming beds or banks in an east and west direc- 

 tion, and sloping to the south, forming an angle 

 with the horizon, the maximum of which, in gar- 

 den soils, cannot exceed 45 degrees. On such 

 beds early sown crops, as radisnes, peas, turnips, 

 &c. will come much earlier, and wfnter standing 

 crops, as lettuce, broccoli, &c. suffer less from se 

 vere weather than those on a level surface 



AGRICULTURAL SOCIETIES. 



The benefits of these associations have been fell 

 by the agricultural interest of our country, which 

 has been essentially promoted by the diffusion oi 

 practical and scientific information on subjects 

 connected with the business of the farmer. Within 

 some twenty years that these societies have exist- 

 ed, crops of many of the products of the soil have 

 doubled and a general increase taken place in oth- 

 ers. The breeds of animals, particularly sheep 

 and kine, have improved by crosses with such ani- 

 mals as were imported by some Agricultural Soci- 

 ety or by some individual member; and a very vis- 

 ible improvement has taken place in the imple 

 ments of husbandry. — Boston Patriot. 



Tooth- Ache.— 'X remedy for this most painful af- 

 fection which has succeeded in ninety-fiveof a hun- 

 dred cases, alum reduced to an impalpable powder 

 The [ 2 drachms, nilrous spirit of ether 7 drachms miseA 

 north side of such beds or ridges itniy be used and applied to the tooth. 



