34 



NEW ENGLAND KAllMEK 



ArGUST 33, 1S34. 



■WINTER WHEAT, &,c. 



As tbe time for sowing winter grain is not liis- 

 tnnt, I shall state to you the course ilial I pursue. 

 I usually sow ou oat or l.arley stuhhle where twelve 

 jiounils of clover seed to the acre has been sown 

 for manure ns a dressing. I endeavor to finish all 

 that I do to the ground hy tiie first of Se|)tenil.er. 

 If sown hy the 20th <d' August I should prefer it, 

 when the ground is well trkpared witm the 

 PLOUGH AMD HARROW. The vvlieat is sown being 

 prepared as stated below. The quantity of seed 

 is from one-half to two hushels per acre, and 1 

 nii\ with it a bushel and a half of oats, and on the 

 acre I spread or sow from one and a half to two 

 hogsheads of lime. After harrowing v\-ilh a sec- 

 ond sized harrow, the field is rolled well. The 

 use of the oats is to protect the wheat in winter 

 and in the spring, as they are a tender vegetable 

 and killed by the frost, they are easily converted 

 into manure, or food for the crop that is growing 

 liy sowing about a bushel of plaster to tbe acre. 



The wheat should be prepared for sowing in the 

 following manner : A strong brine is made in a 

 tub, and the wheat gradually poured into it, and 

 what floats after the seed is ihorougbly wet is skim- 

 med off. The brine is then weakeue<l with water 

 and the wheat is left lo »oak twelve or more hours ; 

 the brine is tlien drained ofi", the wheat thrown in 



HOT SPRINGS OF THE ARKANSAS. 



A WRITER in the Little Kock Gazette gives tbe 

 following description of the hot springs of Arkan- 

 sas. 



The springs are about five miles in a direct line 

 from the Washita river, and about a quarter ot a 

 degree north of the Louisiana line. 'I'hey break 

 out of llie side of a mountain, are very llmnerou^ 

 and abundant, in water; indeed they burst lUU 

 everywhere iu the sides and bottom of a pretty 

 rocky creek, into which they all run. It is sain 

 they are seventy in uuud)er. They are so numer- 

 ous and their beat so great, that after two or three 

 weeks of dry weather, tbe creek becomes too liol 

 LO bathe in opposite the springs, and bathers go 

 Irum an eighth to a quarter of a ndle lielow, when 

 ibe water is bearal)le. Tbe exact temperature vvi 

 could not ascertain ; but it exceeds 150 o( Faren- 

 heil's thermometer. I sbonid judge the w.Armesl 

 ^prmgs to have a temperatme of ISO. Praclica. 

 persons will recognise the degree of heat by tin 

 tact that the water will readily scald the hair Irom 

 hogs. 1 believe they are tbe warmest waters 

 known, except lliose of Hecla, in Iceland. Thi 

 water retains its beat (or u great length ot time; 

 iet into a bath at night, it is of a right teniperaturt 

 to bathe iu the morning. It is used either hy 

 oalhiug in the water, or exposing the body to the 

 steam which arises liom it when coidined, ami ioi 



laborers who are troubled with rheumatism, lU 

 their old age, ought not to wonder what brought it 

 on nnlrss ibey liave very poor ineniiuics. — Ihu- 

 plc'a jMitgcizhie. 



a pile on the barn ll"c)r to drain further, and limi 



or plaster ndxe.l with the see.l, and it is then sown. | ll'is purpose some rude '^"" "';"'," ^;":";« '■';,=;;;'_' 



This is a sure preventive of the smut, and ascer 



tained to a certainty hy preparing smutty wheat 



IN THIS WAY FOR THE CROP and SOWING A SMALL 

 <iUANTITY UNPREPARED. The CrOp WaS FREE FROM 



SMUT. The unprepared was very smutty. 



Celery. 1 think that 1 have adopted abetterand 

 Jess expensive mode of raising celery. The last 

 year was my first experiment ; and the plant was 

 iincnmmotdy fine anil well bleached. Instead ok 

 A trench I catiseil the groiiml that is to be plant- 

 ed to be well prepared «illi <dd manure mixed 

 with the soil, imd put the plants on a level of the 

 ground, if anything rather raised. Thus the young 

 and tender plant has the warmth of ibe sun to pro- 

 mote vegetation not only when first planted, but 

 also during the whole season. All the trouble 

 that we have after this is, lo fix a boarti oti each 

 Kide, and as the plant grows, fill it in, first with 

 soil, then with sand, putting up a second board as 

 the growth nipiires it. 



As it is loo. late for this season to piusue this 

 course, 1 shall be prepared to add the experience 

 of this year to the practice of the next. Tbissea- 

 S'ln was rather cold and unfavorable, when the cel- 

 ery was first planted out. My celery cultivated in 

 this way was unciuumonly fine and well bleached. 

 Tlie sainl bleaches wilbont prodiuMug mildew from 

 loo much moisture. Your ob't servant, 



Charles Vaughan. 

 HaUowell, Jul;, -28111, 1834. 



over two or three ol the princjpid springs, they 

 have produced extraordinary cures iu rheumatism, 

 paralysis, liver complaints, enlargement ot tht 

 spleen, eruptions, pulmonary conqilainis, obstruc- 

 tions anil chronic disorders of every kind. 



SPELT. (Trltifum Spilta.) 



This grain is much used for bread, iti Germany,, 

 and is the frnmeutacions triliute which llie iiiicieiit 

 Ilomans exacted iVoin the People <d' the Country, 

 while it liu-nied a part of the Komau Empire. It 

 is considerably cnltivati d by the German Farmers 

 ill Pennsylvania. Its product is about the same 

 MS that id' wheat ; but the flmir made from it is of 

 a yellower color; and iheritbre not so valuable in 

 the markets, though (m rhaps eipially good fiir 

 i-onimon family use. The grain is to be hulled 

 before grinding ; and, as the skin of it is very thin. 

 It is very productive iu flour. 



Its advantages over wheat are, that it is much 

 less liable to he winter-killed in moist lands where 

 wheat is apt to be drawn up by the roots by lli« 

 Irost. It will grow on the richest soil without 

 loiiging ; and it will also grow well on soils too 

 poor or dry to bear wheat to any advantage. It is 

 usually sown iu Pennsy Ivunia about the 20lh of 

 September; though it is said that it may be culti- 

 vated as a spring crop. I>ry soils are said to lie 

 most suitable tor this grain. Probably it might he 

 i-uliivatcd to advantage iu New F.ngland, and elsw- 

 vvhere where wheat does not flourish. — Far. ^'issist. 



HORSE KILLED UY A BOAR. 



TttE following singular instance of the ferocity 

 of a hoar, occurred in the vicinity of this city a 

 i-h irt time since : A horse having been put into a 

 meailow in which were a boar and some store pigs, 

 was attacked by the former, which it is supposed 

 instantly infliited siicli a wound upon it as to ren- 

 der it incapable of effectual resistance ; the en- 

 traiU were torn out, and the poor animal, whilst 

 in this state being set upon by the whole of the 

 jiigs, was partly devoured ulive! — JVeto York pa- 

 per. 



THOUGHTS ASU DIRECTIONS FOR AUGUST. 



Fruits begin to be abundant in proiiorlion as 

 the heat seems to create a necessity for them ; 

 sirawberries, curranls, gooseberries, lilai kberries, 

 &c. arc all made for tbe use of man or the other 

 animals, but man whose inoiles of life are so arti- 

 ficial, should use them with caution. Shun tliosi- 

 especially whicdi are unripe. 



Fruits though ever so ripe and wholesome 

 should not be taken immediately after a full meal, 

 fashionable as it may be. Let them either form a 

 part or the whole of a light meal, or let them be 

 taken between meals, at the farthest distance from 

 them. The stones of all fruit are more or less in- 

 jurious, and should be avoided. 



Eat sjiariugly of food generally, especially of an- 

 imal food. It is a great mistake of those who la- 

 b(U- haril, that they iiinst eat more in proportion. 

 The hunger ibey feel in such cases, is a diseased 

 hunger not a niduntl one. Those who are inactive 

 in body or mind, and those who are over-active in 

 either should tat little. It is be whose body and 

 mind are exercised moderately, and in due propor- 

 tion to each other, that can eat the most freely. 



Uo not eat at any rate while greatly fatigued in 

 body and mind ; and above all do not take spirits, 

 or hitters, or vinegar, or mustard, or pejiper, or 

 ginger, or any thing of the kind to create an artifi- 

 cial appetite. God's laws operating iu your bodi- 

 ly frames in such cases, demand rest rather than 

 food or drink. 15nt if you drink at all, let it he iu 

 small draughts of cool (hut not too cold) water. 

 Avoid ice. A bit of toasted bread in your water 

 will always be useful. 



In lying down for rest during the hot season, 

 avoid currents of air and the dauipjjrouud. Many 



PORTABLE STEAM ENGINES. 



Small portable steam engines, three feet square, 

 have been invented, which at an expense of a len- 

 der, and one hundred weight of coals per day, lift 

 two tons and a half of brick and niurtar daily to 

 ihe height of a fiiiir story building. The «hole 

 appaiatiis can he carried on a cart. 



ITEMS OP ECONOMY, &.c. 



To increase the Strength and Firmness of Tlircad 

 and Coarse Cloth. — The lixivium of oak has been 

 euqiloyed for scarcely any other purpose than that 

 of tbe tanner, and yet it is applicable lo a great 

 variety of uses. If thread, cords, nets, coarse linen, 

 &c. be steeped in it, they acquire greater firniiiess 

 and dnrahilily. Fishermen have long re?iuted to 

 this. Nothing is inm-e apt to spoil than skins, and 

 yet this preserves tlicni. h is the same with 

 hempen and linen cloth : they conlain much guiii- 

 my and resinous matter, whiidi, with tannin, forms 

 an envelope, and thus adds to (heir durability. 

 Linen ought not to steep more tlian eight or len 

 days in this solution : it acquires a very brown 

 color. When this color fades, the ojieratiou may 

 he repeated. 



The best method of preserving nets and cord- 

 age is the following : Dissolve two pounds of 

 Flemish glue in fifteen gallons of water, dip the 

 nets, &r. into this solution, and then sleep them 

 in a strong solution of oak or cbesiiut bark, — the 

 lamiiu combines with the gelatine, and forms, b»- 

 iween the fibres of the hemp, a solid net work, 

 which adds great strength to the cords. Any 

 bark which contains tannin may be employed in 

 making a decoction ; so bones, parings of skin, re- 

 mains of fish, &.C. and generally all substances con- 

 taining gelatine, may be used in making a gelati- 

 nous solution. Fishermen, who often throw away 

 on the shore geloliuous fish, may use them for this 

 purpose. — yowr. des Connais. Usuttles.] 



