VOi. Xill. SO, g. 



AND HORTICULTURAL JOURNAL. 



61 



«uSer — but these appear slender cliaiices. We 

 ?<iiow the history Hiid habits of the insect too well 

 ?o believe that either mist, or rain^ or dew, or 

 •drotiglit will either forward or retard their opera- 

 tions, if the main body appear about the time the 

 wheiU comes to the ear." 



From my own observations I am convinced it 

 is the same species of insect described above, that 

 we have got here. I am not aware that it has 

 tieen known in Canada l>efore last year, and it 

 a[>pears to have multiplied prodigionsly. Nuw 

 that the wheat has got ripe and hard, the maggots 

 have disappeared ; it is oidy when the grain is in 

 the soft and milky state they prey upon it, or 

 rather upon the matter destined to form the grain. 

 Wheat on new lands does not appear to have suffer- 

 ed so much as that on lands long cultivated ; this 

 I know by experience. My wheat was on new 

 land this year, and has not been much injured ; 

 this circumstance should induce further inquiry, 

 which might perhaps lead to the discovery of 

 some remedy for an evil which may otherwise be 

 a very great one here, where wheat is the princi- 

 pal crop that farmers cultivate. I have the hon- 

 or to be. Sir, your obedient servant, 



Wm. Eva.ns. 



Cote St. Paul, August 13, 1834. 



WHEAT. 



Extract of a letter from Maine to the Sec'y of the H. 

 F. i{ H. Ag. Society. 



" My winter wheat is sown between the 1st and 

 7th of fjept. (but ill the Connecticut Valley may be 

 sown as late as the middle of September) with the 

 wheat I sow 1 1-2 bushel of oats to the acre — the 

 oats will be a firotection to the wheat during rhe 

 winter and a manure in the spring — sometimes 1 

 sow one to two hlids. Lime to the acre and one 

 bushel of Plii«tor Paris the spring following. 



Last year I made the experiment in my garden 

 of sowing some winter wheat in the spring and 

 cutting it frequently until 1st September, my usual 

 time of sowing wheat — it has succeeded so well 

 that I intend next spring to sow nn acre with win- 

 ter wheat and feed with calves, say 3 yearlings, or 

 unimals that will not tread too hard or feed too 

 close until September. 



The advantage looked for is that it will stand 

 the winter better and be fit to reap earlier lluin if 

 sown in the autumn. 



Have yon any of the Black Sea wheat — the heads 

 jre large and will be fit to reap some days earlier 

 than our common wheat and out of the way of 

 rust.' Can send you 1-2 bushel. Have you any 

 af the Skinless Oats '' if not, can send yuu one 

 bushel. — Hampshire Gazette. 



WHEAT Q,i;iCKt,Y PREPARED FOR MARKET. 



The following case of extraordinary despatch is 

 from the Canadian Journal. We do not think 

 Flour much the belter for rapid packing; it has 

 30t time to cool thoroughly : 



We last week inadvertently omitted to mention 

 k fact, which we deem worthy of record. On 

 Fuesday, (if we mistake not the day,) Oliver 

 ?hclps, Esq. harvested from his fisrin, in the vi- 

 ;inity of this village, one hundred and fft'j bushels 

 f wheat — the next day it was hauled to the ihrash- 

 ng machine attached to his Red Mill, in St. Cath- 

 irines, and put in complete order for flouring — 

 he same day and night it was ground, and on the 

 lay following shipped for the Montreal market, in 

 jne order. Beat this who can ! 



CARRAGEEN, OR IRISH 9JOSS. 



'The great use now made of this valuable ma- 

 rine plant, as affording a nutritious article of diet 

 for infants and for invalids generally, and as ap- 

 plicable to many elegant and salutary preparations 

 for the table, such ns jellies, blancmange, &e. 

 renders it of considerable importance in domestic 

 economy. The Bunker Hill Aurora states that 

 large quantities of the plant may be collected on 

 the shores near Lynn, which the editor thinks is 

 the same as tlie imported article; and which it is 

 said, has been sold in the shops as genuine. 



•We have long entertained a like opinion with 

 regard to the identity of the indigenous and for- 

 eign article. It is founil in abundance on the 

 southeast coast of this Island ; probably our whole 

 shore produces it. Some weeks since impressed 

 with this opinion, we gathered a considerable 

 quantity, and subjected it to the same process 

 usually applied to the Carrageen, and with quite a 

 .-utisfactory result. The gelatinous product was 

 evidently as ample, and to all appearance quite as 

 valuable as tluit of the Irish Moss. Whether 

 its medicinal properties be equal to those of the 

 latter, having had no thorough opportunity to as- 

 certain, we do not pretend to judge. The plant 

 itself as it is found here, washed up from the sea, 

 resembles the im[)orted moss very closely, with 

 the exception that it is evidently of more luxuriant 

 growth, and rather less fibrous at the superior ter- 

 minations. These are the only perceptible differ- 

 ences in the external characteristics of the respec- 

 tive substances. If upon further investigation, it 

 shall be demonstrated, that this hitherto unnotic- 

 ed species of sea-weed, may J)e readily converted 

 into a restorative beverage for the sick, or a grate- 

 ful viand for the whole, the worth of the treasure 

 lying at our very doors, though attainable without 

 money and without price, will doubtless be ap- 

 preciated. — Minlucket Enquirer. 



When the skin is perfijct, having the head, horns, 

 &:c. take off the horns, and fill their cavity with a 

 mixture of equal parts of powdered alum and 

 ashes of charcoal iliissolved in water, and e.-ipost 

 them two days to the sun. Saturate the trunks of 

 the horns with eight ounces of alum dissolved in 

 water, and fold up with the skin, and apply the 

 saine on each occasion when employed in curing 

 the skin. The flesh on the head and jaws to trc 

 carefully taken off, tilling the same with powdered 

 alum. It should remain iu the sun until perfectly 

 dry. 



In addition to the foregoing description of the 

 mode used in Morocco, in dressing skins, as re- 

 lated by the persons employe^l by Mr. Willshire. it 

 may be well to observe that the piocess does not 

 take so long at Mogadore, as Mr. W. has often re- 

 ceived back skins of the Aoudad and Leopard from 

 the dresser, on the third or fourth, and never ex- 

 ceeding the fifth day, perfectly cured. Allowance 

 has been made by the dresser, in the foregoing de- 

 scription, for the difference in the climate of Lou- 

 don. 



The skins of smaller animals must not be sub- 

 jected to so lengthened a process, or they will be- 

 come harsh, and the pelt impoverished. — Proceed- 

 ings Zoolog. Soc. 



METHOD OP DRESSIIVG SKINS PRACTISED 

 IN MOROCCO. 



The following account of the method practised 

 in dressing skins in Morocco was transmitted to 

 the Zoological Society by W. Willshire, Esq. a cor- 

 responding member of that society, in a letter 

 dated Mogadore, May 5, 1833. Its results are 

 said to be excellent, as regards the preservation 

 and color of the fur, and the flexibility of the pelt. 



Wash the skin in fresh water to deprive it of 

 the salt ; as soon as this is done, scrape the flesh 

 off, then take two pounds of alum, one quart of 

 buttermilk, and two or three handfuls of barley- 

 meal, which mix well together, and lay on the 

 fie.><hy side of the skin equally ; fold up and press 

 it together carefully, and let it lie two days. On 

 the third day take it to the seaside, wash the skin 

 well, and when' clean and free mixture, hang it 

 up to let the water run from it : then take two 

 pounds of alum finely powdered, and throw or 

 spread it eJjually on all jiarts of the skin ; again 

 fold up as before, and allow it to lie three days, 

 when it will be in a proper state to dry in the sun, 

 laid fiat, without taking away the powder. When 

 it is dry, take a pint or two of fi-esh water, and 

 sprinkle itnjion the skin, and again fohl it up care- 

 fully for about two hours, to indjibe the water ; 

 then lay it nn a table, and, after scraping it free 

 from the mixture ami flesh, take a sand-stone 

 (rather rough) and rub the skin well until it be- 

 comes soft ami pliable, then hang it in the shade 

 to dry. The process is then complete. 



PAT SHEEP IN SUMMER. 



A WRITER in the Farmer's Journal, after stating 

 that he applies tar to the roots of the horns of 

 sheep, and jiuts a little in their noses and mouths, 

 "as affording the best security against the mtiggot 

 in the head," gives the following remarks on the 

 management of sheep in the suminer : 



" I um coreful to have none of my sheep, ex- 

 cept those i intend for market, get very fat during 

 the summer. I have heard it remarked, and I be- 

 lieve it, that after once very fat, a sheep will nevar 

 arrive at the same point again. Sheep which get 

 fat during the summer, certainly do not do as 

 well in the fall and winter. About the middle el' 

 September I give my sheep the best feed I can, 

 and the middle of October begin to feed sparingly 

 with turnijis, (lotatoes, or some kind of grain. — 

 When the time arrives for yarding, which I do 

 rather late, I separate my flock in the follov/iug 

 manner, — In one yard I put my rams and weth- 

 ers, except such of the former as have become verv 

 poor during the time running with the ewes. In 

 the second I put my last spring lambs ; in the 

 third all my healthy ewes, and in the fourtli all my 

 old and weak, (hut no diseased) ewes. A sixia 

 department is a kind of hospital, into which everr 

 sheep is removed as soon as discovered to be al- 

 flicted with disease. This arrangement I consider 

 very important, as it affords an opportunity for 

 treating every class ofsheej) in the manner judged 

 most proper for their circumstances. I have 

 known instances in which the lot of old and feeble 

 ewes have come otit much improved in the spring, 

 and have jiroduced a good fleece, and raised fine 

 likely lambs. I always intend, however, to tuui 

 my sheep before they get so old as to become eii- 

 lichled ; as they are more likely to acquire those 

 diseases which spread through tiie flock. 



To PRESERVE Vines from bugs, &c. — Glau- 

 ber's Salts, Sulphate of Soda, an ounce dissolved 

 in about one quart of water and sprinkled on the 

 plants or vines is recommended as a preventive 

 against insects. 



