NEW 



DECEMBER 3, inS*. 



NEW 



BOSTON, WEDNESD^>M2VE™^DECJ^^ 



^^„,rM^,^^^r^- Grand Emporium of every 

 thing which can gratify ihe man of lasle or sat, fy «k 

 wi.ht wliose appetite is too keen to be fashd ou., wa. 

 ;n o Iverflowing for several days before Th^nU^g-.ng. 

 We made a tour of observation through the a-'es ave 

 Is and recesses of this Palace of fenty and ound 

 such a feast for the eyes-such a display of fat fair 

 r r>te food, that it almost annihilated that " long.ng | 

 after sonrething good to eat," which .s a - j; - 

 eivin. a zest to thanksgiving cheer. We doubt whe he 

 fhe old World, or the Whole World can surpass Busto 

 Markets, in those substantial, wh.ch after all are all 

 that want can covet or wealth can furnish. 



Ca-uses of destructive Fires. Few if any evls in the 

 cat^'gef human calamities are attended with ,nore 

 dtt essing and desolating consequences than those whi 1 

 arUe front carelessness with regard to the manageinent 

 of fir A few cautions on this subject may, therelore, 

 prove useful, and we will state the most common causes 

 of Idndhng those unlicensed and unwelcome fires, w uch 

 annuaUy, 'not only destroy the property but the Uves 

 of many worthy and industrious citizens. 



Settin. Stoves i,nproperJy. These are often placed too 

 „ea the" unprotected wood of a partition, fire board 

 "ant and sometimes their smoke pipes communicate 

 heTt nou.^h to wood with which they are nearly or 

 j:i h"co°ntact, to cause the commencement of a con. 

 • fla«ation, which may destroy a city. 



'carelessness in disposing of ashes. Feople, who do or 

 ougM to know better often set ashes or .-emb«s away 

 i„looden vessels, and *>- woo akesfire. A y^ 

 for the Mmerican Farmer states that Bui a lew 

 • .. hid it not been for the timely discovery ol tlie 



IZ woodhouse 1 into which ashes f^^^^^ I 

 fire was thrown. And we are sorry to learn that some 

 oor,nmo. ate neighbors are in the habit oi using a 

 kJZZ for this purpose, and when filled of se ting i 

 anfo,;: shavings a'nd other combustibles of a lumber 



"Ztonly may fire be communicated by hot ashes, but 

 it fsl;:iUiat/shes, which have lost their heat dern.d 

 from the fire place will often communicate ^ J'y^2_ 

 taneons conAustion. Professor Smith, fori, erl o ^c w 

 Haven, Con., in a Lecture on the subject of beat 

 aerved as follows : — . , j 



» Perhaps there are few people, who are acquainted 

 with llie fact that ashes made by burning hard wood, 

 Tuch as ash, maple, Ac. in a fire place, and taken J 



dry are capable of producing spontaneous combustion 

 «mnly by receiving a degree of moisture, or by coming 

 Tontact with a wet board or stave, or being expos 

 ^ a very damp atmosphere. It is gen-'^Wy^^''^ 

 when fire is kindled by ashes, that it is caused by coa 

 being put away with the ashes while on fire ; but this i 

 Stake. The coals, if they were on fire, when buri 

 in ashes, and excluded from atmospheric air «"»''' s°°" 

 L e..tin uish..d, or if they were not they -uld not k n 

 die fire with the atmospheric air exclud.^. The spo i 

 taneous combustion of ashes proceeds from a very dit 



ferent principle. , . 



•■Hard wood ashes, when they arc first made, ana 



whUe they are kept dr, contain a metal called potassium, 



7",'7fTh7^vdlvo7dead earth, and to replace that 



very coin- a foot of the 8^'';^'=''^ ° „ ^^ ^i^^^ij tl,ink small 



(•„,. denth with small stones-, »to. >'c^ 



stones m-ht be preferable, because they would retain 

 Iuture,;nd present interstices to fibrous roots, at ^he 

 same time prevent the descent of a large taproot^ Ad 

 the tree might be less liable to be blown over by wind 



which is the basis of potash. This metal 



bustible, and has so strong an affinity o: at^traction 



oxygen, the supporter and cause ot combustion, that it I 



take's o;ygen from water, the moment that it touches 



and burns with a vivid flame, and the product of tins ^^^^ ^^ _^^^ 



combustion is potash, that is, potash is potas-sium satu- ^^^^^ .^ .^ ^^^^ ^^^^^^^ ^^^ ^ ^^^ „,t, or an nnpenetra- 



rated with oxygen, or what may be called the oxyde ol _^^ _^^ _^^_^ ^ 



It should be noticed too that water is a I _.J .._ 



::;;3 o;:=;:::;;nrh;d;;.en, and that wl.n*e 

 potassium comes in contact with water, it akestheox) 

 In-n from it, and the hydrogen being set free increa s 

 ' Uie combustion. The simple explanation then is th , 

 dry ashes when first burnt, contain '"/l"™/ '"'^'f " 

 •suLance, which is highly -«-"-'''';• -J^oli 

 set on fire by moisture. Quick lime and water produce 

 iieat sufficient in some instances, to set wood on i e but 

 .shes and water produce a much more - -- ^^'^ /^ 

 .,ddin. water to ashes there is a real combustion of the 

 ituontained in the ashes ; the metal being a conibns- 

 Itille substance, requiring nothing but the oxygen of 

 water to set it on fire." 



'Fire-hoards also often take and communicate fire. This 

 is sometimes the case when fire boards are placed m fire 

 nlaces not in use, at the time when they take hre. But 

 Kh rases othLr fire places btlonging to the sau^ 

 chimney must have had fires ^^^^^^'l^'^- 

 the accidents could not have happened, boot ha col 

 lects in flues communicating with those in wlucli fire ] 

 boards are set, falls down, and in time '-k- consider- 

 able deposits. Spiders also spin nets m he chimney or 

 fire place, which are not of asbestos. When a quantity 

 ; sLeh combustible matter has accumulated, a spark 

 tilted cinder, falling from an adjacent ^^^ ^'^^^^^^^_ 

 this magazine, and if not discovered m season, tlie bu Id 

 11; is consumed. Iron, Uu or bricks should be used to 

 stop all such fire places. 



A KEMAKKABl-E PeAR TbEE ; FLAT STONES .^T THE 



noors OF Fku.t Trees. A friend, to whom we are 



::chindebt:d for the favor has sent us the following 



extract from an English publication : 

 ■ Demon Hall. At this hour the gray massy walls con- 

 . !( finelv with the beauty and fertility around it. 



'CEa's delivered co'mplete.y with ivy. The 

 South a noble pear tree completely covers-describing 

 mtc; the whoJrange of the bmldiiig-.n s_r on^ 

 su,et of blossom, in winter loaded with fruit. How 

 tl .eiierations have enjoyed its fruit canno now be 

 : /ascertained ; an old man, who died recently at the 

 age of 80, declared that when he was a boy it was as 



lare-e then as now. . „„ 



U IS worth whUe to remark tliat when the present oc 

 npier of the hall was recently taking up the stumps of 

 two very old fruit-trees, he found at the bottom ot eacli 

 a large flat stone, evidently placed for the purpose ot 

 pix entingthe roots from striking downwards into the 

 clay, and inducing them to shoot laterally into the light 



"ihe plan of placing a large flat stone, with a layer or 

 two of earth above was not long since announc d as a 

 iTeat discovery, a grand improvement in horticulture. 

 " Bn the Editor. The above article may give useful in - 

 forination to many who are by no means -vices in the 



mass^jiob™^ltura^^ 



iwJITS EXHIBITED. 



SalurJai;, .Vov. 29. 

 Pears By Wm. Oliver, Esq. of Dorchester, Moor- 

 1 fowl E-r.; a well known and valuable Scotch variety 

 By M:. Downer-Bezi Vaet. The fruits exhibited as 

 specimens of this new variety were large and very ob- 

 tusely formed, somewhat compressed towards tire sum- 

 mit, the stalk in a deep depression ; the color a uniform, 

 nale dull yellow; the flesh beurre, with a sacchaim., 

 subacid and excellent flavor. This variety promises to 

 become one of our most valuable winter peaxs. 



By the Hon. Jolin Lowell-Th.; Foxley, from the sec- 

 ond donation of Mr. Knight, a middle-sized fruit of an 

 obovate form ; the color a brown russetty yellow-juicj , 

 saccharine with a very agreeable astringency. I his 

 "uit it was supposed by Mr. Knight would be valuable 



i '"t^'el: By William Kenrick, received of Dr. Elisha 



J Ford of Alna, Me. 7 specimens of apples as follows : 



_1. Custard Apple, above the medium size, con.caly 



formed ; the skin very smooth, o. a delicate straw color 



and beautiful appearance-the flower sweet and good 



2 Red Rounding, a small round fruit of a dark red color 



very pleasant and sweet. 3. Hunt's Orange, a round 



fruit, rather large,of a pale red color, covered wUh smal 



strea:ks of deep red, sweet and excellent. 4^ Plumnie 



apple-pale greenish yellow, faintly streaked next the 



^„ with palf red, of a round form and medium size, t 



flavor very sweet and excellent. 5. Famous Morgan 



received from the neighborhood of Philadelphia, a large 



oblon. fruit, inclining to conical; pale yellow with i 



faint blush next the sun, pleasant with a very lively ac.d 



(i Woodpecker, a small and perfectly round fruit, oi 



dark dull red color, covered on every side with sma. 



„ey points or specks ; the flesh firm, with a very agre. 



Me and excellent subacid flavor. 7. Early Russ.-t, . 



evidently the York Russet, so common in Uie vicimty . 



By "wr. Manning-beautiful specimens of the Epp. 

 1 Sweet or Danvers winter sweet, a native of Danvers, 

 TaTae round fruit, a little flattened ; the skin very smoo 

 and fair, of a greenish yellow color changing at matur, 

 to a clear yellow or straw color; the flesh firm vc 

 sweet and excellent. A very superior and producti 

 variety, and as such - -commended for extensive c. 

 ,,tion' For the Committee, WM_^KE^RIC^ 



Alna, Nov. 2, loo* 

 .yiHian, Kenrick, £.,,-Dear,Sir In my ^-te J 1 

 vou up a small box of apples as follows, viz . -7 Cust» 

 and 5 Red Rounding^ in one apaitment : 4 Hunt s Ora» 

 sweeting, and 5 PUimmer Apples in another apartme 

 six Famous Morgans, and 6 Woodpeckers. The i . 

 I presume is the Bellflower, and does not come to 1 



of cultivating fruit-trees. 



l:.rdrUn:;novel..,wlm really believed it 

 L be such; and'of theirowninvenuon. Difterent per- 

 sons may inventor discover the same thing wihou. in- 

 lercominunication or knowledge of each other s d.scov- 

 ery or intention. The Hon. J. Welles has, we believe, 

 improved on the above mentioned practice In a com- 

 munication for the Mass. Arg. Repos. for Jan, 182o Mr 

 Welles slate, his plan, and says. " It was in efiect to laj 

 aside and reserve the two upper strata, and remove about j 



,0 means novicco >.» ".- i piesuwit .= -..>• - . -j ,„ l..,vp orl 



But persons may >- fection h.e, and the Woodpec^^^^^^^^^^ 



ated in Newton, N. H. from the seed. The latter is .^ 

 of the fairest apoles in form and shape I have ever s 

 keeps till mid winter. Also, 6 Early Russets. Are. 

 tbese last the l'or/£fl«5S6t? 



Hunt's Orange is a western apple, but called H 

 liere from a Mr. Hunt having brought it into this 

 It is a large red sweet apple, fit for baking early i 



OS. lOr Jan. iu~o, i.i.. II is a laigc !<-« »■ ~ii . 



It was in efiect to lay season, and I presume is a good bearer 



■ ' Your friend and servt. 1^. J. r ur 



