190 



NEW ENGLAND I ARMEU, 



"DECEMBER 34, 1834. 



NEW JENGL,ANI> FAKMER. 



BOSTON, WEDNESDAY EVENING. DEC. 24, 1834. 



BEES. 



Extract of a letter from Mr. Miller Mcjfeil, nf Whitcshor- 

 ough, State uf JVew York. 

 "The first partof hst July, I put a young swarm of 

 Bees in my garret, in a room, partitioned off for that pur- 

 pose, about six feet by eight. In five weeks they com- 

 menced making comb and honey, on tlic outside of the 

 hive, on two sides of it. They continued making, on 

 the outside of it. for several weeks. They probably made 

 tenor fifteen pounds on the outside of it; the cells were 

 well filled with honey. In about a week after, I first 

 observed the cells began to be emptied. The honey was 

 all taken out of those on the outside of the hive. Tlie 

 bees continued to work well, and there were no signs of 

 their being robbed. They have increased in number, I 

 presume more than four to one. If they winter well, I 

 think I shall finish off tliree more rooms in my garret 

 for new swarms in the spring. I should like to know, 

 through the medium of the New England Farmer, if it 

 is better to carry them into the room on a bush, or some 

 way without ever putting them into a hive. I am told 

 that the Bee Moth will have no place to deposit its eggs, 

 if there is no hive in the room ; if they are carried on a 

 bush, and placed on sticks near the top." 



ON THE MANAGEBIEBiT OF CO^WS KEPT FOR 

 THE DAIRY. 



Where butter is the chief object of a dairy, care 

 should be taken to select such cows as afford the best 

 and largest quantities of milk and cream, of whatever 

 breed they may be. But the quantity of butter to be 

 made from a given number of cows must always depend 

 on a variety of contingent circumstances ; such as the 

 size and goodness of the beasts ; the kind »nd quantity 

 of food, and the distance of time from calving. A large 

 cow, generally, will give more milk than one of smaller 

 size ; thouo-h cows of equal size differ as to the quantity 

 of cream produced from the milk of each ; it is, I herefore, 

 in those cows whose milk is not only in large abundance, 

 but whicli, from a peculiar inherent richness, yields a 

 thick cream, that the butter d»ryman is to place his 

 chief dependance ; and where a cow is deficient in either 

 of these, she should he parted with, and her place sup- 

 plied by one more proper for this use. 



Where cheese is the object, the management in respect 

 to cows should be the same. 



It is essential that milk-cows be kept at all times in 

 high health and good condition. If they are allowed to 

 fall off in flesh during winter, an abundant supply of 

 milk need not be expected by bringing them into high 

 condition in summer. Warm stables should be provided 

 for them, as beasts will not require so much food when 

 kept warm, as when shivering with cold. 



For about a month previous to the time of cows calv- 

 ing, if in spring, they should be turned into sweet grass ; 

 or, if it happen in winter, they ought to be well fed with 

 the best hay. The day and night after they have calved, 

 they should be kept in the house, and no cold, but luke- 

 warm water allowed for their drink. On the next day, 

 about noon, they may be turned out, yet regularly taken 

 In during the night, for three or four successive days; 

 after which, they may be left to themselves. Cows, thus 

 housed, should be kept in their stables till the cold is 

 mitigated by the morning sun, and it is recommended 

 to give them a draught of warm water previous to their 

 being turned out. Without such precautions, they are 

 liable to miscarry, or slip their calves ; an accident by 

 which the calf is lost, and the cow injured. For some 

 time before and after they have calved, they should be 

 kept separate ^om the young slock, whether in the yard, 

 stable, or field. 



English writers assert that Lucerne is most excellent 

 food for cows in milk ; and preferable to clover, as it 

 gives the milk a better flavor, and is equally nourishing. 

 It is esteemed the best of all grasses for cutting green, 

 and feeding out in racks or cribs, and will bear cutting 

 the oftenest. 



Mr. Loudon says, " The time cows should become dry 

 before their calving is not agreed on, some contending 

 that they may be milked almost to the time of their drop- 

 ping their calf without injury ; while others maintain 

 that it is absolutely necessary that they should be laid 

 dry from one to two months, both for the advantage of 

 themselves, and of their calves. It is probable that much 

 in this business depends on the manner in which they 

 are kept ; as where they are well fed they may be con- 

 tinued in milk till within a week or two of calving with- 

 out suffering any injury whatever from it, but in the 

 contrary circumstances it may be better to let them run 

 dry for a month, six weeks, or more, according to their 

 condition, in order to their more fully recruiting their 

 strength. It appears not improbable that the longer the 

 milking is continued, the more free the cows will be from 

 indurations and other affections of the udder ; which is 

 a circumstance deserving of attention. Where only one 

 or two cows are kept for the supply of a family, it is 

 likewise useful to know, that by good feeding, they 

 may be continued in milk, without any bad conse- 

 quences, till nearly the time of calving. In the Agricul- 

 tural Survey of the West Riding of Yorkshirefil is stated, 

 that no advantage was found to result from allowing 

 cows to go dry two months before calving. They have 

 there been kept in milk within ten days of the time of 

 dropping the calf This practice, however, cannot be 

 considered generally advisable." 



In the last edition of Willich's Encyclopediait is said, 

 that " inflamed teats should be washed with two drachms 

 of sugar of lead in a quart of water. Should tumors ap- 

 pear, apply a common warm mash of bran with a little 

 lard. And to prevent cows from sucking their own 

 milk, we are informed tliat rubbing the teats frequently 

 with the most foetid cheese that can be procured, has 

 proved an effectual remedy." 



HORTICULTURAL. REGISTER AND GARDEN- 

 ER'S MAGAZINE. 



The first No. of this work will be published January 

 1, 1835. Gentlemen holding Subscription papers will 

 please forward the names of Subscribers. 



We are promised an arrangement with a gentleman of 

 eminent Horticultural and Botanical knowledge, which 

 will, we think, insure the ability of the work. 



Papers with whom we exchange, who will insert the 

 prospectus, shall receive the Magazine. 



EXHIBITION OF FRUITS. 



Ilarticutlural Rooms, Dec. 20, 1834. 



The fruits exhibited this day, consisted of the follow- 

 ing : 



Pears — By Mr. Manning — Bezi de Chaumontelle ; 

 also, Wmter Orange (of Coxe,) a round, green fruit, un- 

 der medium size, and of good flavor ; its color and size 

 more like a lime than an orange. Also, Newton Virga* 

 lieu, a fruit which is highly deserving of cultivation as 

 a prodigious bearer; it is very ordinary for eating in its 

 raw state, but excellent for baking, and good for keeping. 



.Apples— By Mr. C. Weston, of Boston— the Holmes 

 apple from Marshfield ; a round fruit of medium size, of 

 a yellow color, and stained with red next the sun — the 

 flavor good. 



For the Committee, WM. KENRICK. 



MASS. HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 



An adjourned meeting of the Mass. Hort. Society was 

 held at their room on Saturday, Dec. 20, 1834,— the 

 President presiding. 



Judge Story, from the Committee appointed at the last 

 meeting to consider the expediency of disposing of the 

 interest of the Society to the owners of lots in the Mount 

 Auburn Cemetery, requested further time to make their 

 report. 



Dr. Nehemiah Brush was unanimously elected corres- 

 ponding member of the Society. 



Mr. Edmnnd Cruft, jr. was admitted a subscription 

 member. 



It was voted that when this meeting adjourn, it ad- 

 journ to Saturday, Dec. 27th, at 11 o'olock, A. M. 

 Adjourned. CHARLES M. HOVEY, 



Rcc'g Sec. pro tern. 



ITEMS OP INTE1.I.IGENCE. 



A valuable lime quarry has been discovered on the 

 Magurdy stream, in Vienna, Maine. Some of it has 

 been burnt and makes good lime. 



It is proposed to light Paris with gas from peat, of 

 which there is great abundance near the city, being one 

 third cheaper than from coals, though it sooner corrodes 

 the pipes. 



The Cassville (Ga.) Gazette of the 21st ult. says, 

 " James Graves was yesterday taken from i he jail of this 

 county, under a strong guard to Poinsett, Murr.iy coun- 

 ty and will be executed this day, agreeably to his sen- 

 tence." This, it will be remembered, is the Indian 

 against whose execution the Supreme Court recently 

 protested. 



Specimens of the South American Cotton Tree, have 

 been sent to Washington from Bogota, by R. B. McAfee. 

 The tree bears two crops a year, one in June, the second 

 til De«yinber, yielding from four to six pounds of cotton. 

 Some of the seed will be distributed among the Southern 

 membsrs of Congress. 



Thames Tunnel. — After a long interruption of this re- 

 markable work, which is now completed, we believe, 

 under and beyond the middle of the bed of the river, the 

 Government have determined to make a loan to the En- 

 gineer, Mr. Brunei, of £250,000 at 3 1-2 per cent to 

 finish the work. 



Preparations are making at the Merchant's Exchange, 

 N. Y. for the erection in the rotunda of that building, of 

 the statue of General Hamilton, recently finished by 

 Ball Hughes. 



We learn from Franconia, N. H. that on the 15th inst. 

 the thtTmometer at that place icas txcentij-tico degrees 

 bcluw zero. 



The thermometer stood ten degrees below zero at 5 

 o'clock on Monday morning, in Albany. That kept in 

 the office of the Albany Argus, was exposed to the air at 

 8 o'clock, A. M. and fell in a few moments to three 

 degrees below zero. 



Ample arrangements are made by the Directors of the 

 Boston and Worcester Railroad, to have the cars run all 

 winter, come what will. 



The library of the late Earl Spencer alone, exclusive 

 of his pictures, is estimated at £200,000. This may give 

 a notion of the state of literature in England in private 

 life. 



Captain Maryratt, the celebrated author of Peter Sim- 

 ple, J.acob Faithful, &c. has been assaulted by two broth- 

 ers of the name of Neale, also writers of naval sketches, 

 who had thought the captain guilty of a breach of cour- 

 tesy in some severe criticisms in the Metropolitan. 



There has been a deficiency of the crops of the north 

 of Europe, and exportation of grain has been prohibited 

 from all the Russian provinces, including Poland. 



i 



