202 



NEW ENGLAND FARMER, 



JANUARY 7, 1835. j 



pluce ii rfoji, tnuned for llmt purpose ; tins is tlie 

 the custom in Laii^'iipdoc and Provence. 



In cm- opinion, tlio "serene" vvithont ;m interior 

 nr^italor, is tlie inosl preferalilc. The operation of 

 it^is not hiborious ; and it is easy Jfl- keep it in a 

 proper state of cleanliness, an advmituj.'e which 

 those with a handmill do not possess. When it is 

 iiwuh; lar'^'O, iiiacliiiiery can ho adapted to it, to ob- 

 viate the neces.sitv of employing many persons to 

 turn it. If water is at disposal, it can be used 

 heniiticially for this pnrjiose. 



When the l.nttcr is made, it has yet another 

 operation to underRO—that of washing ; they knead 

 the hiilter, in its whey : When it is well consoli- 

 dated, and has no lumps, and appears qnite rich, 

 they wash it in s.'voral waters, until the last pours 

 off quite clear. 



All the utensils of a dairy, should as soon as 

 they have been used, be put into boiling lye and 

 water ; afterwards rinsed in fresh water, and rub- 

 bed with a brush, or wisp of straw, or greek net- 

 tles ; afterwards drieil in the sun, or by the tire. 

 Too much care cannot he taken to keep them very 

 clean, because the least particle of old milk, ad- 

 hering to them, becomes a leaven of decomposition 

 for th'e new milk. Whenever the churn is used it 

 should be washed in boiling water, first ; after- 

 wards many times in cold water ; then rubbed 

 with a wisp" of straw, inside and out; afterwards 

 rinsed plentifully, drained and dried. Some per- 

 sons wash it first in whey, and then with fresh 



water. 



We have already said how necessary cieanlnicss 

 is in a dairy ; it is especially so with the utensils 

 which come'in immediate contact with the milk. 

 (To he continued.) 



From Ike Geneecc Farmer. 

 SOUTH DOWN SHEEP. 



A correspondent in the Cultivator notices the 

 arrival in the ship Hannibal, of six ewes and a 

 buck, of this hiuhly esteemed breed of sheep, im- 

 ported by Francis Rottli, Esq. of Hutternuts, Ot- 

 sego comity, from the famous flock of Mr. John 

 Rllman of England. Mr. Kotch deserves the 

 thanks of the community for his exertions to in- 

 troduce iuto our country the best breeds of ani- 

 mals to be procured in Europe. He has now, we 

 are informed, on his farm at Maple Grove, some 

 i.f the finest specimens of the Improved Short 

 Horn Cattle, which could be procured in England. 

 The writer in the Cultivator, speaks of this im- 

 portation of sheep as follows : 



They were in fine condition, and did not appear 

 lo have siillVTed in the least from the voyage, which 

 is n strong argument in their favor as to hardihood. 

 The buck is r.iiber larger than they generally 

 arc, but of fine form and symmetry — great length, 

 round and deep in body— fine in the head and legs, 

 full and capacious chest, remarkably broad in the 

 loin and h(;avy in the quarters, and -well covered 

 with a close fine fleece of wool. 



The ewes are eipially beaiuiful, and show higher 

 breeding than the buck, and of course not so large. 

 Take tirem together, I saw more to admire, more 

 .r„od points, more style and fashion about them 

 ihan anv others I ever witnessed. 



This breed of sheep are justly becoming great 

 favorites in this country. They will, I think, cross 

 well with the Merino or our native sheep, giving 

 them stronger constitutions and a greater aptitude 



to fatten. 



Fromlhe«l'ransacliousoftlie I'eunsyivanian Ag- 



ricultural Society, I have transcribed the following 

 ciceount of this breed of sheep. 



" The South Down sheep are much smaller than 

 the Dislily — they are more hardy — their wool is 

 short, equal in quality to that of half-bre<l Merino, 

 — their fleeces are not so heavy — they carry more 

 fat within, and much more flesh without, than ei- 

 ther the Dishly, Tunisian, Irish or Teeswnter 

 sheep. By their activity and vigor, both of muscle 

 and constitution, they are fitl/ea to encounter every 

 difficully, as well as to end/.ire tlie extremes of 

 heat and cold. They occupy, in England, one of 

 the most exposed and least fertile portions of the 

 Island. Their mutton is of the finest kind, and 

 commands the highest price, although from the 

 properties of the sheep, it can be produced at the 

 least cost. 



" I am of 0|iinion," says this writer, " that the 

 South Down sheep are as valuable a stock, if not 

 more so, than any other that have been kept in 

 this country." 



" The fleece is close, heavy, and snfiiciently fine 

 for general purposes, and a small part fine enough 

 for any purpose to which wool is likely to be ap- 

 plied for many years to come." 



From the New- York Farmer and Horticultural 

 Repository, the following description of these 

 sheep is taken. 



" The South Down sheep are without horns ; 

 they have dark or black-grey faces and legs, fine 

 bones, long small necks ; are low before, high on 

 the shoulders, and light in the fore-quarter ; the 

 sides are good and the loin tolerably broad, back 

 bone too high, the thigh full and twist good. The 

 fleece is verv short and fine, weighing from two 

 and a half to three pounds. The average weight 

 of two year old wethers is about eighteen pounds 

 per quarter, the mutton fine in the grain and of an 

 excellent flavor. These sheep have been brought 

 to a high state of improvement by Ellman, of 

 Glynde, and other intelligent breeders. They pre- 

 vail in Sussex, on very dry chalky downs, pro- 

 ducing short fine herbage." 



TO DESTROY VERMIN ON CATTI.E. 



The following is an extract of a letter from oui 

 friend, Edward Ganigues, of Darby, (Pa.)— 



"Observing some observations relating to de- 

 stroying vermin on cattle, I am also induced to 

 remark, that a cow much injured thereby, was 

 cured immediately by rubbing down the s|.ine from 

 head to tail, with Coc. Indicus, or rather a decoc- 

 tion thereof, which luoduced an entire new coat 

 of hair, and changed the appearance of the beast 

 so much for the better, that the former owner 

 would not have known her only by the mark of 

 while on her hide. — Gcncssec Fanner. 



Interesting to Antiquarians. On Saturday last, 

 there was taken out of the bank to the .southward 

 of the meeting-house, near the stone bridge, in 

 Tiverton, the hones of an Indian, together with 

 seven guns, two iron kettles, with bails complete, 

 and four brass kettles, two kettles and seven bot- 

 tles of s])iriis, ail which we understand are novir 

 in the possession of Capt. George Lawton, in Tiv- 

 erton. This prize was discovered by the caving 

 (if the bank in a very high tide. — JVtwport (R. I.) 

 Republican. 



Books. Lord Orrery has said, very happily, 

 that hooks when properly used, are our truest 

 friends, and our most comfortable companions. 

 They teach us in what manner to enjoy pleasures, 

 and in what manner to bear adversity. They 

 visit us without intrusion, and they converse with 

 us without restraint. 



An Indiana paper descants, in raptures, on the 

 multitude of swine passing through that region to 

 wards Cincinnati, " the greatest hog market in tht 

 known world." It seemed, says the writer, "a: 

 if the vast arena of nature's store house was fillec 

 with hogs !" 



A French dentist in London is using with si:o 

 cess a mineral marmoratum, universally reconi 

 mended by the faculty. It fills up the cavity ii 

 decayed teeth without the least pain, heat or pres 

 sure and in a few seconds hardens into an enani 

 el, forming a whole tooth out of a stump, arrestin 

 all further progress of decay, allaying in one iiiir 

 ute the most excruciating jiain, and rendering th 

 operation of extraction unnecessary. — .V. Orleai 

 Courier. 



1 .Vimiier of plants cattn hy different animals. \it. 

 UKiis remarks that the cow eats 276 species k 

 plants and rejects 218 ; the goat eats 449 and r- 

 jects 126 ; the sheep eats 387 and rejects 1411 

 the horse eats 262 and rejects 212 ; and the ho. 

 more nice in his taste than any of these, eats on 

 72 species and rejects all the rest. 



A Fact. A horse, tired probably of a hard day 

 work at sleighing, and I'eeling himself in need 

 some refreshment suitable to these holiday time 

 last evening set off at full speed down Pearl-stre 

 for Holt's Hotel, and enlered the refectory und 

 the building where a number of other gentlen 

 were at supper. But although he politely left t 

 sleigh on the steps, and said nothing insultin 

 any' one, his unceremonious visit was deemed ii 

 pertinent and intrusive, and he was, therefore, e 

 pelled the party. — J^P. Y. Courier. 



MASS. AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 



ITEMS. 



Tlie Ladies. Hannah More thought it a duty 

 to be always cheerful, and there is no cosmetic 

 half so serviceable to the looks. The true art ol 

 assisting beauty consists in embellishing the whole 

 person by the proper ornaments of virtuous and 

 commendable qualities. By this help alone it is, 

 that those who are the favorite work of nature, or, 

 as Dryden expresses it, " the porcelain of human 

 kind," become animated, and are in a state to ex- 

 ert their charms ; and those who seem to have been 

 neglected by dame Nature, like models wrought in 

 haste, are capable, in a great mensurc, of finishing 

 what she has left imperfect. 



REPORT. 



The Committee of the Massachusetts Society 

 promoting Agriculture, to whom was assign 

 the duties of awarding premiums for Butter a 

 Cheese, respectfully Report, 

 That owing to the indisposition of E. H. Der 

 Esq., they were deprived of his valuable servic 

 being however assisted, as on former years, by 



T. Hastings, Hurd, G. T. Wiiithrop, and 



A. Thompson, Esqs., they performed their du 

 to their own satisfaction, and they believe to gee 

 al acceptance. The quantity of butter and che 

 exhibited, though not greater than on former ye B 

 by its qualities convinced the Committee that i< 

 premiums oflered by the Society, had directed )< 

 attention of the farmers to the making and cui|( 

 it and in that way had secured the benefit exp t 



