VOL,. XIII. NO. 41. 



AND GARDENER'S JOURNAL 



323 



ity and success. 1 deem a knowledge of these 

 sirni)le arts so iiniiortant, tliat I would make the 

 knowledges oftlicni, an cssoiititil part of a young 

 gentleman's ('diication. 



The peach is prohably the most short lived tree 

 of all our fruit trees, hut it is renewed with very 

 little trouble. Plant a peach stone in the place 

 where you want a tree to grow, and it is very sure 

 to cotnc up and flourish. The better way is, 

 however, to have a nursery. Take a few feet of 

 ground in the garden and in the fall plant a num- 

 ber of stones. At two years' growth the tree 

 may be budded with fruit which you know to be 

 excellent, and in the fall of the year the tree may 

 he transplanted to the place where you wish it to 

 stand. Let it have a southern aspect, at the south 

 side of the house or barn, or on the south side of 

 a hill, and it will for several years produce fruit 

 abundant!}', which will repay all your labor and 

 trouble. When it decays let it be renewed by 

 another. In the same manner other fruit trees 

 may be produced. 



It is a happy circumstance for New England, 

 that agriculture is considered among her most hon- 

 orable aud useful employments. Of those who 

 have taken a deep and lively interest in its success 

 aud given tl)e result of their experience for the 

 benefit of the public, we name with no common 

 emotion Timothy Pickering, our late President, 

 who WHS distinguished, not less for his rank in the 

 army of the revolution and in the councils of the 

 nation, than for his unwearied and successful de- 

 votion to agricidture. His mortal remains now 

 repose in the bosom of that earth, which when 

 iliviug he so industriously cultivated, while his 

 ispirit walks abroad to cheer and encourage and 

 elevate his agricultural brethren. But we are not 

 left alone. There remain to us living examples of 

 all that is honorable, beneficent, manly, in Lowell, 

 Welles, Prince, Parsons, Perkins and many others. 

 [These men, with ample fortunes, cultivated minds 

 nd refined ta?te, have given a character to agri- 

 ultural pursuits which they did not possess before. 

 |They have not only raised two blades of grass, 

 rvhere one only grew before, but they have made 

 he bramble give place to the luxuriant fruit tree. 

 n the society of such men for fellow laborers, 

 ho would not be proud to be a farmer. To the 

 lergy of our society we are much indebted for 

 ouutenauce and aid. Colman and Perry not 

 nly " point to heaven and lead the way," but they 

 each to strew this thorny path of earth with fruits 

 nd flowers. With such company our employ- 

 nent wiil be honorable, and circumstances may 

 ender it profitable. 



IDIPROVEItlENT IN BEE HIVES. 



We have made an improvement in the con- 

 itruction of hives last summer. It is very simple 



■so much the better. Cut a door in the hive at 

 ;he usual place, 5 or 6 inches wide in a small hive 

 ind 7 or eight in a large one, and about an inch 

 id a half high ; the upper part should be made 

 (erfectly straight by marking it and cutting with a 

 Irawing knife. I'ut a piece of board in this 

 ilace, jointed straight, allowing just room enough 

 itween it and the board on which the hive sets 

 for the bees to pass conveniently, and allow al- 

 lost, but not quite sufficient space above for the 

 (ees to pass. — By this window bees will be sup- 

 ilied with fresh air, when it is necessary to Con- 

 ine them to their hives by closing the door. If 



it be thought that this plan allows too much light, 

 the upper aperture may be stopped while the 

 other is open, by laying a piece of board over it 

 supported by a coujile of nails driven into 

 the hive on which it is laid ; a part of the door 

 uuiy also be stopped if considered necessary. 



This improvement costs a mere trifle, a?id we 

 find that it affords many important advantages, 

 and is a|)plicable to hives of almost every descrip- 

 tion. We made hives in this manner at first, most- 

 ly fur the purpose of preventing robberies. When 

 bees are attacked, they frequently join the assail- 

 ants, go off with them and carry away the honey. 

 We lost 60 or 70 pounds from a hive in that way 

 last fall ; we stopped them up a day or two at a 

 time as they appeared to be disturbed by robbers, 

 allowing them a little air ; we left them open in 

 October, supposing it to be too cool for them to 

 be molested, and being absent, we supposed that 

 they were robbed in some warm days that occur- 

 red in that month. We lost a swarm of bees and 

 about 30 pounds of honey in the same way the 

 fall |)revious. Hives made in the manner above 

 described may be stopped up at the door for sev- 

 eral days, perhaps for several weeks, without in- 

 jury, as the window will allow them sufiicient air 

 for respiration. Hives made in this manner may 

 be safely sto])ped uj), when necessary to move 

 them from place to place, or to do any work near 

 the hives, or when any attention is necessary to 

 the hive or others near it ; and hives of tliis con- 

 struction will not be so liable to suffocation, as the 

 snow on the board outside and the dead bees and 

 other matter falling down on the inside, and the 

 water falling upon the board will be much more 

 likely to stop up the door of the hive than the 

 window above. Another important advantage, 

 the bees may be safely confined to their hives 

 during winter and spring until the weather is warm 

 enough for them to go out without injury. We 

 lost several hundred bees last month hy their 

 going out on warm days, and becoming chilled so 

 that they could not return. We thought that they 

 would not go out in the winter as we had put 

 boards on the front of the bee-house to jn-event 

 their being revived by the sun's shining on the 

 hives. Had it not been for this we should doubt- 

 less have lost thousands. They arc now confined 

 to their hives where they must remain until thev 

 can go abroad with safety. 



The greatest disadvantages that we have expe- 

 rienced in managing bees, are done away by adopt- 

 ing the above improvement, and we hope that 

 others will be benefitted by it. — Yankee Farmer. 



Raisi.ng stock. — S. Look, in the Genesee Far 

 mcr states as follows : Last year, being in posses 

 sion of nearly a dozen remarkably fine calves, of 

 the " Improved Durham Breed," in the rearing of 

 which I desired to be as good and economical as 

 possible, I was induced to try a variety of food. 

 The following plan proved most successful : — 

 To mix with a small quantity of milk, a portion 

 of bailed potatoes and fine bran. When the ani- 

 mals were 3 or 4 mouths old, I changed their diet 

 to coarse bran aud warm water ; and I think, by 

 this method, I can now produce a number of 

 calves equal in height of condition and symmetry 

 of form, to any in this section of the country. 



tures by Professor Silliman. On Friday evening 

 April 10th, he gave the last, which was a brilliant 

 and interesting exhibition, even superior to any 

 previous effort. How very narrow minded must 

 that man be, who looks upon the face of nature, 

 and settles down in the belief that the hills, the 

 dales, the ocean, and the innumerable tributarj' 

 streams, present the s.-tme appearance they did at 

 the moment they were called forth into existence 

 by the Creator. Professor Silliman intimated that 

 the earth was probably a ball of fire, at first. That 

 its centre is now an immense mass of liquid fire, 

 all philosoj)liy seems to prove beyond the possibil- 

 ity of doubt. The elevations of the mountains, 

 aud the dreadful destruction of the primitive co- 

 lossal animals, were all brought about by the 

 agency of an internal force, which must have 

 been that of lieat, seconded by the rush of water 

 in conseqnence of the derangement of those 

 boundaries, which had once confined it to particu- 

 lar places. — Scientific Tracts. 



Geology. — In the last number of the Tracts 

 we adverted very generally to the course of lec- 



Hajimf.ring Stone. — A physician of this city 

 has invented a machine, recently patented, for 

 hauunering and facing granite, or any other kind 

 of building stone. The mechanic who construct- 

 ed a model for the patent ofiiee, at Washington, 

 informs us that he considers it in the light of a 

 happy tliscovery, as faced stone may be shortly af- 

 forded as cheap as brick. A number of hammers, 

 weighing not far from twelve pounds each, are 

 set in motion either by steam or water power, and 

 move with such rapidity that the fragments fly 

 like dust in a windy day. All the hammers move 

 diagonally across the stone, in two directions, 

 thereby completely levelling and smoothing it by 

 simply passing the block onward under them and 

 back again. One of these nuichines, on a large 

 scale is being erected at South Boston. Should 

 it answer the expectations of the inventor, the old 

 fashioned method of hammering stone will be 

 wholly neglected as one machine will accomplish 

 as much in a day as twenty or thirty men. — Sci- 

 entijic Tracts. 



Silk Manukactlre. — Mr Gay of Poughkeep- 

 sie, has arrived in this city, with the intention of 

 establishing a silk manufactory here on a perma- 

 nent basis. He has by close observation, much 

 experience and unconmion talent, succeeded in 

 striping the manufacture of silk of all mystery 

 and difiiculties. He has reduced it to a simple 

 and certain business, capable of producing regular 

 returns, and discovers the best evidence of the 

 fact by his determination to carry on the manufac- 

 ture himself in several different places. Those 

 desirous of seeing the beautiful fabrics in his pos- 

 session, and the plans by which they are produced, 

 will find it to their advantage to call on Mr Bly 

 denburg at his office in Apothecaries' Hall, where 

 fiuthcr particulars may he learned. — AC Y. 

 paper. 



Permanent Ink for marking Linen. — Take 

 of lunar caustic (now called argentuni nitratum) 

 one drachm ; weak solution, or tincture of galls, 

 two drachms. The cloth must be fi|-st wetted 

 with the following liquid, viz. salt of tartar, one 

 ounce ; water, one ounce and a half; and must 

 be perfectly dry before any attempt is made ta 

 write upon it. 



