%UQ 



NEW ENGLAND FARMER, 



CHEESE. 



Process used by C. Vaughan, Esq., of Ilallowcll 

 in tlie making of cliecse. 



1st. If possible to make cliecse nt cacli 



milkiiifl- .„ , I 



To heat a small quantity of the milk so as toj 

 l.ringthe milk taken from the cows to the beat ot 

 96 tleg., which is the temperalin-c of the milU as it 

 comes from the cow. 



3. To use liquid rennet, and to make the cheese 

 of equal quality. The rennet sliould be prepared 

 the first of the season and kept in small bottles ; 

 and, it being of equal strength, it ought to be used 

 by measure, according to the gallons of milk to 



be turned. , ./. i ij 



4 When turned to curd, a wooden kuife should 

 be passed across the curd in the tub, and when 

 the whey .is properly separated it should be placed 

 in a basket in which a strahier is first placed. 



5 When strained it should be broken up into 

 small particles, but not hard squeezed, and then 

 salted, and put into the cheese hoop. 



f, It is then to be put into the press, and the 

 pressure to be gentle at first, and gradually m- 

 crea-^ed, and turned twice each day : the last pres- 

 sure may be considerable. In this manner the 

 rich part of the cheese is kept in at first, and at 

 the last, the moisture is pressed out, which m the 

 common mode is dried out, by time. 



7 The cheeses after they are taken out, should 

 be put where there is air, and where the flies can- 

 not get to them, and turned and rubbed over twice 

 a day. The outside ought to be rubbed with but- 

 ter—some use fat pork— The cheeses treated in 

 this manner have been better fit for use in three 

 months, than common cheeseg in nine mouths. 



The press best fitted is a lever or beam press 

 made out of timber 7 or S inches square and ten 

 feet long. The end is secured by a strong pin 

 between two upright pieces, and when parallel 

 with the bench it is over, it should be as far ai-art 

 as to admit the largest cheeses that may be made, 

 with the follower to go under at the heel. Ihe 

 cheese when first put under, should be put as far 

 from the heel as.possible and light weighed— every 

 time it is turned it should he put further under 

 and the fourth time, which is the end of the second 

 dav, it should be as near to the lieels as possible. 

 When two cheeses were made in a day, they 

 were put in one press. There is a simple and 

 new kind of press which is said to have the quality 

 of pressing as much or as little as is wanted. 



There are several English receipts for prepar- 

 ing rennet. The rennet one season was prepared 

 bv^soaking the bags in brine, and all the liquor 

 was then mixed and put into small bottles, well 

 corked and kept for use.— Moine Farmer. 



ORNAMENTAl. TREES. 



» There is a pleasure in the pathless woods," 

 says Byron, but there is none in the woodless 

 paths. It must be confessed that naked streets 

 are particularly uninteresting, and be tliere never 

 so many of them, and as broad mid straight soever 

 as you may phrase, still they add nothing to the 

 beauty and picturesqueness of a town. A bald 

 head is not comely, neither is a street seemly 

 which is not 'well set with trees. 



We say not this as intimatuig that Augusta is 

 much behind her neighbors in regard to embel- 

 lishments, but rather as suggesting that she ought 

 to lead off in this respect. We wish to see every 

 highway and street, every homestead and house- 



lot tastefully decorated with our forest trees, than 

 which none are more graceful and becoming in 

 shape, or rich and luxuriant in foliage. The elm, 

 the oak, the fir, the spruce, the maple, ash, and 

 juniper, are all beautiful in their kind, and, what 

 is more, within the reach of the means ot the 

 least of our proprietors. Why then will not every 

 man take the hint, and by stocking his land with 

 handsome trees, thus beautify the town, while at 

 the same time he is enhancing the value ol his 

 pro])erty. It is idle to cavil at the expense, when 

 trees can be transplanted and warranted to live 

 at the cheap rate of $3,00 per dozen. It is a 

 debt which civilization owes to our native soil to 

 restore to it some of those ornaments of which 

 it once boasted a profusion. }l is not right that 

 the genius of improvement should be so unmind- 

 ful to cherish some representatives of the magnifi- 

 cent wilderness which it has spirited away. _ 



We should not suficr any gifts to be despised, 

 nor any privilege to be unenjoyed. Nature under 

 all circumstances was mepnt to be improved, and 

 the traces of art are never unwelcome save when 

 it defeats the purposes, and refuses to follow the 

 suggestions of Nature. Self-love, one would think 

 would prompt to this improvement, as we value 

 the luxury of sliady streets in summer, the priv- 

 ilege of witnessing the marks of elegant taste, and 

 the sweet tones of the » tongues in trees" when 

 the birds are singing. Besides there is no compli- 

 ment that can be addressed to friends and straii- 

 o-ers who chance among us, and whose favorable 

 opinion we profess to love, half so acceptable nor 

 half so well aj.preciated as that which is conveyed 

 by contributions to the pleasures of sense. What 

 attracts the attention of a stranger sooner, or pleases 

 him more, than streets overiiung with branches 

 and houses veiled with leaves. Why do travellers 

 uniformly pronounce such towns as Northampton, 

 New Haven, Cambridge, Norridgewock, and the 

 like, exceedingly beautiful, but for the very adorn- 

 ments of which we speak ?— While our citizens 

 are growing in wealth and becoming enlivened 

 with new and vigorous enterprise, let us not neg- 

 lect the means of beautifying a town so suscep- 

 tible of iniprovement as our owi). We boast a 

 character for sobriety and intelligence, let us ac- 

 quire celebrity for taste and public .spirit. 



We are happv to hear that one individual has 

 contracted for 500 trees to adorn and give valiie 

 to his grounds, and we hojie so good an example 

 will not be unheeded. — Age. 



MAY a, 1835, 



The beneficial effect of lime as a manure is so 

 generally admitted, that to deny its operation in 

 any instance, is hazarding the charge of skepti- 

 cism ; nevertheless, there are cases in which the 

 zealous farmer is sadly disappointed in the result 

 Whether it be owing to the soil in a limestone re- . 

 gion of the country, being already saturated with, 

 lime, so as to effervesce strongly with acids, or to 

 some deleterious quality of it, as magnesia, &c., 

 the result is often different from the generally re- 

 ceived opinion. Lime should therefore be used 

 experimentally: at first in small quantities, to sqe. 

 what effect it has, and increased afterwards as the 

 result indicates it should be. It is unnecessary as 

 an adjunct to putrespent manures, in the first in- 

 stance, whose softer parts will easily decompose 

 without ; but should it not be used as an alternate 

 manuring to succeeding Mops, to dissolve the 

 coarse parts of vegetables, which will not easily 

 dissolve of themselves ? 



ASHES AND GYPSUM-IilME. 



The following is from a communication in the 

 Farmers' Register. 



A mixture of drawn ashes with plaster when 

 sown, renders the operation less distressing to the 

 laborers, whose eves are apt to be incommoded by 

 the flying of it. It also enables them to strew it 

 more equally, regardless of the wind which often 

 interrupts the operation, when sown alone, ihe 

 quantity used will depen.l mostly on the quantity 

 at command ; for persons having more than wil 

 afford an equal portion for the plaster, it is usua 

 to mix half and half, and to sow about a bushel of 

 the compound to the acre, or more, as the farmer 

 may choose, depending on the situation of his 

 land, whether it has been plastered before, or not 

 &c With the plaster and ashes may also 

 he mixed clover, or other grass seeds, in any pro- 

 portion desired, when the whole operation can be 

 I performed at the same time. 



Maple Sdgar.— The season for making this 

 most delightful of all sweets is now pretty well 

 over. From some of the towns we have heard 

 comidaiuts of the snap of cold weather which 

 checked for a time the running of the sap ; 

 we believe, however, that those who commenced 

 boiling again on the opjiortunity afforded by the 

 recent warm weather, have made a pretty good 

 season of it. One fai'iner in Leverett made four 

 hundred pounds of sugar from the second running. 

 In favorable years it is computed that twenty 

 thousand pounds are made annually in that town 

 alone. In Monroe and other westeriy towns, the 

 "sugaring off" employs the whole population 

 during the proper season. Hundreds of sugar 

 trees," it is said, are set out every year, adding 

 not less to the beauty than the value of the 

 farms to which they are transplanted. The sugar 

 has sold this season at an average of twelve 

 cents per pound ; we have seen some, however, 

 prepared in Bernardston from the first runnings, 

 and of remarkable fineness and flavor, which sold 

 at the rate of sixteen cents. A great deal of 

 the New York maple sugar is refined into loaf; 

 it has a body and strength which make it pe- 

 culiarly suitable for this purpose. 



Some years since there was a prospect that the 



manufacture of sugar from potatoes would become 



a profitable business. Tb^re was a manutactorj 



about seven miles from Bellows' Fall in Vermont 



and the experiment >vas tried in Jlichigan anc 



New York. It was very easy to produce a sort o 



honey, but the diftlculty was in making it granun 



late into sugar. Could this difiiculty have beei 



.rot over, the business would doubtless have bcei 



profitable, for potatoes yield about as large a quan 



tity of saccharine matter as of starch. There 1 



a descriptioAi of the process of making potati 



sugar, in one of the old numbers of Sillimaii 



ma<Tazinc, which is not within our reach. } 



some of our city friends would hunt it up and re 



publish it, who knows but that it would set sora 



inventive Yankee on the track for bringing the pc 



tatoes into successful rivalry with the sugar-cane 



The subject is not unworthy of a place among th 



" Geoyoincs.'"— Franklin Mercury. 



A correspondent recommends the rubbing ■ 

 the limbs of the plum with soft soap, to prever 

 the black canker. He says ho has tried it wr 

 success. — Cultivator. 



