VOL. XV. NO. 8. 



AND GARDENER'S JOURNAL 



n 



inclement months, the animal should be kept 

 warm and well supplied with pure water. Card- 

 ing and cleansing will promote the general health, 

 and make ihcm give milk more freely. Mangel 

 Wurtzel and the Ruta Raga are so easily raised, 

 that a farmer, with lahor on land well prepared 

 might with ease raise sufficient for the purpose. 

 The former will secure milk in the greatest ijuan- 

 tity, the latter does not increase withjn the same 

 proportion, hut improves the condition more. 



DRYING cows BEFORE CALVING. 



From the hest English authorities " where cows 

 are well kept there is no injury in milking cows 

 within a week or two of their calving, and it is 

 ])robahle, that the longer the milking is continued, 

 tlie more free the cows will be from indurations 

 and other aflections of the under.' And it is fur- 

 ther stated •' that where only one or two cows are 

 kept for the supply of a family, by good feeding 

 they may be continued in milk to near the time of 

 calving without any kpil consequences. We 

 have tried this metliod feveral times, without per- 

 ceiving the least possible injury to arise from it." 

 The writer's practice and experience confirms 

 this. 



REARING OF CALVES. 



The best cow calves are to be selected from 

 such cows as are most quiet, give the richest milk, 

 are the most hardy, and the best adapted in size 

 to the comparative goodness of the farm. 



There are various ways of rearing calves. In 

 England, as well as in this country, many prefer 

 that calves should run with the cows from 3 to 6 

 months ; others let calves suck twice a day — in 

 such case the calves should take the first or thin- 

 est part, which is the least liable to injure, by pro- 

 ducing and cowering; others give to the calf new 

 milk to drink for four weeks or a longer period, 

 at the end of this time, skim milk is substituted, 

 with a mixture of farinaceous food. In addition 

 hay or grass is given, as early as the calf can 

 eat it. 



The following mode of rearing calves has been 

 practised by the writer with great success. The 

 young animals so reared, have usually gained in 

 growth a year in advance. The calf is allowed 

 to suck its mother about two days, as the first milk 

 is well fitted to cleanse the calf, and secure a full 

 flow of milk in the cow. On the third day the 

 mother's milk is given tlie calf to drink, and so 

 continued freely for two or three weeks, till the 

 calf begins to fill out, when the following food is 

 substituted. A gill of flax seed, for each calf, is 

 boiled in water in tlie evening, and half the quan- 

 tity given next morning and evening to the calves, 

 adding to eacli mess from a pint to a quart of 

 scalded oat meal, according to the size and condi- 

 tion of the ca'f, and about two quarts of skim milk. 

 In five or six weeks water may be substituted pro- 

 vided the calves can have plenty of green food by 

 mowing or feeding. The mess should be stirred 

 up while the calves are drinking. The parings 

 of the Swedish turnip or Mangel Wurtzel are giv- 

 en in the fall, and great care is taken the two first 

 winters to give the best of hay, and a liberal sup- 

 ply of roots, Swedish turnips. Mangel Wurtzel, 

 carrots, or potatoes, or oil cake — and in summer 

 the best of grass in pasture. After this the youug 

 stock will keep in good condition without extra 

 keeping. 



By early attention to young stock, their growth 



and condition fits them foran early [irofitablc sale, 

 or for the market at an extra price. 



The writer has killed two heifers of four years 

 old each, that weighed when killed near nine hun- 

 dred each. 



A bull calf of superior shape, and intended to 

 bo shipped to Jamaica, was allowed on an average 

 nine (piarts per day of new milk for fifty days - — 

 and then treated as before stated. At one year 

 and eh^ven days it weighed seven hundred and 

 thirtysix poimds. It is very important that the 

 young animals should bo kej)t clean, well carded, 

 and regularly watered with )iure water. — Maine 

 Farmer. 



Agricultural and HoRxicoLTnaAL advice 

 GRATIS. — If you would ruin your crops — em- 

 ploy a transient, strolling professed Gardener — 

 it seldom fails. 



If you would have every thing done as it should 

 not be, and nothing done as it should bft — employ 

 a professed vvisetalking Gardener. 



Ifyou would have a man on your premises, re- 

 quiring a longer time to teach him how to do a 

 thing, than it would require for the thing itself to 

 grow — be sure to employ a professed Gardener 

 who comes to you upon his own recommenda- 

 tion. 



Ifyou like the society of one, who would de- 

 vote his time to command you, and who is un- 

 willing to obey any command you may give him 

 — employ a professed Gardener. — Boston Ga- 

 laxy. 



The Crops. — Our exchange papers have been 

 filled for weeks past with lamentations over the 

 blighted prospects of the farmers. They feel, we 

 are assured but little anxiety on the subject, and 

 with us are of opinion, that the most of the cry 

 originated with the panic makers, who have on 

 hand large quantities of the grain of last year, 

 waiting for a market. So far as tliis country is 

 concerned, we have no hesitation in saying, that 

 the yield of the present .season will be at least 

 equal to the average of former years, and that the 

 corn crop will be far greater than was anticipated, 

 by those who have the means of forming the most 

 accurate opinions. — Poughkeepsie Jour. 



The farmers tell us that the crop of hay in this 

 vicinity will be as large or larger this year than it 

 has been for ten years. So far as our knowledge 

 extends we believe it to be trne. There is hardly 

 a field about here where the grass has not lodged, 

 the burden is so heavy. The Corn has brighten- 

 ed up considerable dm-ing the hot weather last 

 week, and we should not be surprised, if there 

 should be heavy crops notwithslanding its present 

 backwardness. The face of nature never appear- 

 ed more beautiful than it does now. — Concord 

 (Mass.) Gaz. 



The Weather. — After all, the weather seems 

 to be such as to promise something to the farmer. 

 We shall have no famine at present. Grass, 

 grain, fruit, potatoes, and a thousand other things 

 Jook well and promising. — Corn is backward, but 

 has changed its color within a day or two, and shot 

 up surprisingly. No use in long faces. "Never 

 trouble trouble till trouble troubles you," was good 

 advice, coming from a good source. — Dunstable 

 J\r. H. Telegraph. 



A Yankee A young man by the name of 



Cochran, a native of Enfield, N. H. has invented 

 what he calls " Many Chambered non-recoil" 

 Pistols, Rifles, Muskets, and Cannon, which are 

 capable of having from ten to fifteen (diarges in- 

 serted in a metallic wheel, that revolves on an 

 axis, in the rear of the breech, in such n numner 

 as to bring each of them, in succession, opposite 

 the calibre of the gun ; when, by a percussion 

 lock, they are severally discharged, with great 

 rapidity, anil may be (piickly replaced by others. 

 IJeside.s this iMijiortaiit advantage, the shot are 

 driven to a greater distance, than by coimnon fire 

 arms, with even a less charge of jjowder, and 

 there is no recoil. Mr Cochran has obtained 

 patents fc)r his invention in this country, England 

 and France ; having visited the latter countries 

 for that |mi"pose, and madi^ succi'ssful ex|)eriment8 

 in the presence of distinguished military oflicers 

 in London and Paris. The ambassadors of the 

 Grand Seignor, at the British and French Courts, 

 having witnessed the tremendous effects of these 

 arms, induced the inventor to visit Constantinople, 

 and gave him letters of introduction and com- 

 mendation to the chief office/s of the Ottoman 

 Empire. He immediately proceeded on the voy- 

 age, was kindly received, and introduced to the 

 Sultan ; and so much interested was this great 

 Turkish reformer with the model of a cannon 

 which he saw fired, that he ordered a twelve 

 pounder to be constructed, and gave directions 

 for enabling him to complete the work, under liis 

 own superintendence, at the public laboratories. 

 The cannon was finished in a few months, and 

 discharged many times in the presence of the 

 Sultan and the officers of his court, who were so 

 much gratified with the result, that the Sultan 

 made the ingenious artist a most munificent pre- 

 sent in a purse of gold coin. After a residence 

 of six months at Constantinople, where Mr Cochran 

 was treated with marked distinction by the Grand 

 Seignor, and all the civil, military, and naval offi- 

 cers of his court, and by Com. Porter, our Charge 

 d'AfTaires, he returned to this country, and recent- 

 ly visited Boston, where several gentlemen liad 

 the pleasure of seeing one of his rifles, which was 

 manufactured at the celebrated private establish- 

 ment in Springfield. Mr Cochran does not appear 

 to be more than twenty-eight years of age ; is 

 intelligent, zealous, and enterprising. He is now 

 engaged in supplying sportsmen with small arms, 

 and in making cannon of various calibres, for 

 experiment, in presence of the Ordnance oflicers 

 of the United States. — Atlas. 



Dentistry. — We calletl yesterday at Dr 

 Appleton's in Winter street, to view a s)jecimen 

 of artificial teeth. The S|)ecimen is of an entire 

 set, and is one of the finest specimens of me- 

 chanical skill and execution we liave ever seen. 

 Dr .\ppleton has fitted one set of teeth for a 

 gentleman in Cambridge, in which he has entirely 

 succeeded. We advise all who can be pleased 

 with a fine specimen of workmanship, and espe- 

 cially all om toothless friends, to give Dr .\ppleton 

 a call. — Reformer. 



Dr Lardner, the well known author of the Cy- 

 clopedia, says in a recent lecture, that he thinks 

 it quite probable when the London and Birming- 

 ham Kail Road is finished, the whole distance of 

 120 miles will be made by the first class train io 

 one hour and a half. 



