28 



NEW ENGLAND FARMER 



AVGVST 3, 1836. 



^Si222'^ffi. ^Si^FSa 



Domestic Manufactl'rks. — The New York 

 Courier & Emiiiirer gives llie following acoouiu 

 of the iMisiness done in this State in the manufac- 

 ture of hoots and shoes. 



Lynn — Miiiiufactures exclusively ladies, miss- 

 es, and childrens' morocco and cloth shoes of ev- 

 ery descri|>lion, men's shoes for lier own citizens 

 are supplied hy other towns. She produces one 

 tenth of all the shoes made in the State, and then- 

 value, at a low estimate, is two million dollars. 



Marhlehead — Manufactures cliihireus' shoes 

 main y, and in the winter months, say one hun- 

 and fifty thousand dollars. 



Danver.i — iVlanufactures men's coarse shoes 

 and bootees mainly, worth perhaps one tnillion 

 dollars. 



Saugus, Snlem, Beverly — Manufactures two 

 million dollars. 



Ipsiok-h — Men's and boys' thick bootees, one 

 hundred thous >nd dollars. 



Rowley, — Men's and boy.s' coarse boits, boot- 

 ees, and shoes are the leading articles, four hun- 

 dred thousand dollars. 



Anduver — Women's leather pegged shoes, two 

 hundred thou.^aud dollars. 



Haverhill — Mens puinjs, women's low priced 

 leather and morocco shoes, one million two hun- 

 dred thousand dollars. 



/?ra(//brrf, opposite Haverhill — Same work, four 

 hundred thousand dollars. 



Methuen — Women's leathej- i)egged shoes, two 

 hundred thousand dollars, 



Grafton — IMen'sifme pegged'bootees and shoes, 

 one million two hundred thousand dollars. 



IVtslboro' — Same, two hundred tisuusand dol- 

 lars. 



Shrewsbury — Same, two hundred and fifty thous- 

 and dollars. 



Holliston — Men's coarse pegged bootees and 

 shoes, two hundred and fifty thousand dollars. 



Medivay — Men's coarse boots and bootees, one 

 hundred and fifty thousand dollars. 



JVortk Brookfield — Men's fine and coarse work, 

 tiirte humlred and twejity thousand dollars. 



Randolph — Men's and boys' kipp bootees and 

 shoes, one millioii five hundred thousand dollars. 

 Stoughton — Men's nailed and pegged boots, 

 tlijee humlreil thousand iKdlars, 



Qianci/ — Men's calf sewed boots, one hun- 

 dred thousand dollars. 



Weymouth — Men's calf boots, fine, one million 

 dollars. 



Abington — Men's calf boots, one million dol- 

 lars. 



Brainiree, Bridgewater, flmgham, Sfc. — Are 

 shoe towns in the vicinity, 



Rtndins is celebrated for men's fine dancing 

 pumps; iS^oaeftrtm for childrens's fine shoes ; Wo- 

 hurn for ladies' shoes, for Boston Market. 



A new discovery (says a French paper) of im- 

 mense importance has just been communicated to 

 our Society for the Promotion of Physical Scien- 

 ces. This discovery is that of an impulsive force 

 more powerful than that of gunpowder or steam. 

 Our men of science are in raptures, and preparing 

 iheir reports, which will very shortly be publish- 

 ed. All that we know is, that the moving power 

 is a galvanic machine, the action of which, it is 

 said, w ill equal that of steam, without the expense, 

 aiid without the danger. 



GiiEAT Invention. — The Boston Atlas notices 

 at some length, the very im|;ortant invention, by 

 a young man named Cochran, a native of New 

 Hampshire, of what are denondnated the '• Many 

 chambered, Non recoil," fire arms. Through the 

 instrumentality of Mr G. Gay of Providence, now 

 in this place, we were some time since made ac- 

 rpiainted with the projierties of this wonderful 

 im| rovemeiit in the construction of cannon, rifles, 

 muskets and pistols — for to all these the inven- 

 tion his been adapted — and should have sooner 

 noticetl the subject, but that we were waiting for 

 an ai-tual inspection of some specimen. This op- 

 portunity has been pronjised ; and it is expected 

 that one of the .iflcs, already sent for by Mr Gay, 

 will soon be ready for exhibition to those of our 

 citizens who feel an interest in the protection of 

 their property upon the octan, against pirates or 

 hostile savages. 



These weapons are so contrived, that by means 

 of a metallic cylinder, or wheel, revolving on an 

 axis immediately in rear of the barrel, some twelve 

 discharges may be made in rapid succession ; in- 

 somuch that by a little practice, the loading and 

 firing of the whole twelve maybe performed in 

 lillle more time than is now required for a single 

 charge and discharge of a common rifle. This 

 wheel is perforated at the periphery, with cavities 

 or chand)ers, to contain the charges, of a calibre 

 corresponding with that of the barrel ; and the 

 charges are ignited by means of percussion caps 

 inserted in a smaller hole at right angles with 

 the above cavity, and striking the centre of the 

 charge. In large ordnance, the wheel or cylin- 

 der revolves vertically ; but in small arms it has a 

 horizontal motion, with the lock or igniting ap- 

 paratus underneath. The wheel passes round by 

 means of proper guides, and as fast as each charge 

 arrives opposite the breech of the barrel, it may be 

 exploded. As our description is derived only from 

 verbal testimony, it may not be entirely accurate, 

 or even intelligible ; but we are satisfied that the 

 extraordinary effects ascribed to the invention are 

 by no means overrated or ndsrepresented. Mr G. 

 informs us that he has discharged several hundred 

 shots (rom one of the rifles ; and after the closest 

 attention he could discern no recoil whatever. The 

 cannon may be discharged easily, twelve tinies per 

 minute — an<l a succession oi loading and firing 

 nuiy be kept up for almost any length of time. 

 The shot are aiso driven to a greater distance than 

 by the common method ; and a less quantity of 

 powder is used in the process. 



Respecting the inventor, who is short of 25 

 years of age, we have the following particulars, 

 which we abridge from the Atlas : having obtain- 

 ed a patent in this country, he jiroceeded to Eng- 

 land and France, where his invention was also 

 readily patented, after a series of experiments 

 made in presence of distinguisheil naval and mili- 

 tary officers, at Landon and Paris. The Turkish 

 ambassador, who witnessed the tremendous re- 

 sults, induced Mr Cochran to go to Constantino- 

 ple — wheie he was most kindly received by the 

 Sultan, who loaded the ingenious artist with pres- 

 ents, after ordering a twelve pounder to be con- 

 structed on this principle, under the inspection of 

 Mr C. at the public laboratories, and attending in 

 person, with his whole court, at the trial. Mr 

 Cochran resided six months at the Turkish capi- 

 tal, receiving the most marked distinction from the 

 government. He then returned to this country, 

 and established a mauufactory at Springfield in 



this Commonwealth, at which small arms and can- 

 non of varirus dimensions are now being made, 

 chiefly to order, for sportsmen, &c. < r for experi- 

 ment, by the ordnance officers of the U, States. 

 A piece of hra.ss ordnance is now in course of 

 construction at Troy, and another at West Point, 

 under the direction of the inventor. 



Besides the facility and rapidity with whieh 

 these weapons may be discharged, the rifles &c. 

 po.ssess many other advantages over all others. 

 There is nothing upon the barrel to obstruct or 

 confi se the sight — the surface being perfectly 

 smooth ; they never miss fire, and are little liable 

 to accident. Our whale ships generally carry 

 a number of muskets : but we are persuaded that 

 nothing yet contrived by human ingenuity for 

 security against capture or plunder at sea, can in 

 any shape compete with the implement under no- 

 tice. We are therefore anxious that ship owners, 

 and others interested at this place, may examine 

 this new and most eflTectual engine of destruction, 

 and from its peculiar principle of action, judge of 

 its teirific powers. With these deadly instruments, 

 and plenty of ammunition, a single man may dis- 

 perse a score of pirates, and a small crew contend 

 triumphantly against myriads of barbarians. — 

 JVantucket Inquirer. 



Plocghing bt steam. — The following is from 

 a late English paper: — 



" Some experiments were tried on Friday week 

 at Red Moss, near Bolton, in this county, in the 

 presence oi Mr Handley, M. P. Lincolnshire, Mr 

 Chapman, M. P. for Westineath, Mr Snnth of 

 Deauston, and other men interested in agriculture, 

 with a complete and very powerful steam plough, 

 constructed by Mr Heathcom, M. P. for Tiverton. 

 About six acres of ravv moss were turned up in a 

 few hours, and turned up in a most extraordinary 

 style ; sods eighteen inches in breath, and nine 

 inches in thickness being cut from the furrow, and 

 completely reversed in position, the upper surface 

 of the sod being placed exactly where the surface 

 had been before. The possibility of ploughing by 

 steam has thus been established, though, as the 

 employment of the steam-plough, in preference 

 to one dr.nwn by horses, will depend rn the com- 

 parative cost of the two powers, and on that of the 

 implements used, and as there are not at present 

 any sufficient data for judging what the difference 

 of the cost will be, it is not possible to say how 

 far steam is likely to be applied to this department 

 of agriculture. The plough of Mr Heathcote, 

 though a very powerfid machine, appears to us to 

 be much too complex and costly for comnn n ag- 

 ricultural purposes, though we have little doubt 

 that it might be used not only wi h effect, but ad- 

 vantage, in reclaiming large portions of moss land 

 — such as the bogs of Ireland. Indeed, it is the 

 oiiinion of Mr Heathcote himself, that it would 

 not at present answer to employ it in reclaiming a 

 smaller portion of bog than 1500 or 2,000 acres, 

 though it may probably be cheapened and simpli- 

 fied, so as to make it ultimately useful on a small- 

 er scale." 



A Buffalo paper says that the crops in that vi- 

 cinity which had been kept back by ihe cold of 

 June liave made rapiil progress. The same re- 

 marks that the aurora borealis has with a few ex- 

 ceptions, shown itself on every clear night since 

 the first of May. 



