^4 



NEW ENGLAND FARMER, 



SEPT. 14, 1816- 



ground may be obtained, the jiroper iniiiil)er of 

 lots iiieasiiied aiul marked out, and the requisite 

 -irranseriients made for thencca^iion. The Ploughs 

 »!iiist be on tlie ground, whicli will be provided 

 in readiness to start tuiicther in the work |:recise- 

 ly at 9 o'clock, A. I\l , on tlie day of theShow ; as 

 this will be the first |niblic business atteniled tn. 

 All competitors I'or [ueMiiums are notified that the 

 conditions prescribed by the Trustees, and pul)- 

 lished in their lillls of premiums offered, njust he 

 strictly complied with. Those wlio have not been 

 fnriiii-lipd with those Bills, can oljtain them at the 

 ■Office of Edwin Conant, Estp 



The Committee of Arrangements have the sat- 

 isfaction of announcing, that ihey have been au- 

 thorized to offer a gratuity of thirty dollars for a 

 team of Working Oxen, to consist of not less than 

 sixty yokes b longing to the same town, and such 

 as shall be approved by the- Committee on Work- 

 ing Cattle. 'I hey request that notice of an inten- 

 tion to exhibit su<di a team may be given, that they 

 may make suitable arrangements therefor. 



John W. Lti>coL.>i, ' 



Nathan Heard, 



Isaac Southcate, 



Charles G. Pre.ntiss, [ Commiltee of 



Frederick W. J'ai.nf, ' Arranfre.mtnts 



STEPHE.t SaLISEDRY, 



Isaac Davis, 



Jonathan Harrington, J 



Chinese Mi'lberrt. — Although defoliation 

 might injure or destroy some trees and vegetables, 

 the leaves being to the vegetable what lungs and' 

 stomach are to the animal life, it does not follow 

 that all trees and vegetables suffer alike by defoli- 

 aiton. '1 he grasses, the box, the willow, and mine 

 •uhers. may be cut, headed down, or the leaves 

 plucked almost for an indefinite period, without 

 effecting destruction. Do not old pastures pro- 

 «!uce belter and sweeter grasses by frecpient crop- 

 ping, that when first laid down .' Shall it then be 

 thought wonderful that the Chinese Morus Multi- 

 caulis will bear defoliation several times during the 

 same season ? From experiments already made, 

 it appears that this valuable plant has been pluck- 

 ed of its leaves fo. feeding worms, not less than 

 four or five times without any injury to its growth, 



— but the leailing shoots must not to be lopped ; 



— and every successive crop of leaves are impiov- 

 fid in luimher and weight. At the same time, the 

 wood is acquiring hardness for future use. If ^he 

 object be the formation of wood, then take off the 

 leading end of ilie tree or shoot. 



Another e.\cellence of the Chinese mulberry is 

 the richness of its leaf for feeding worms — while 

 100 pounds of white mulberry leaves are required 

 to feed worms suftieient to make one bushel of 

 cocoons, 75 to 80 of the Morns Multicaulis will 

 do the same thing ; and while it is a full day's 

 work to pick 100 lbs. of white mulberry leaves — 

 with the same labor 500 lbs. of the Morns Multi- 

 caulis might he collected. And while it is gener- 

 ally alloweit that it requires about 3000 worms fed 

 <iM white mulberry to make one bushel of cocoons, 

 the same quantity of cocoons have the present 

 year been made with 2000 worms fed with the 

 Chinese mulberry. — ■ JVorthampton Cour. 



THE CHEMICAL, CATECHISM. 



What term is made use of to express the rela- 

 tive weight of bodies? 



Specific gravity. Thus the specific gravity of 

 one body may be much greater than that of 

 another, though their absolute weight he the 

 same. 



How do you explain the difference in the spe- 

 cific gravity of dift'erent bodies.' 



\\ hen one body is larger, or takes up more 

 room than another of the same weight, the first is 

 said to be specifically lighter than the other, and 

 vice v.;rsa. 



What definition do you give of the atmosphere 

 which you spoke of in connection with this sub- 

 ject. 



The atmosphere is that very light fluid which 

 surrounds Us everywhere ; it is the medium in 

 which we live ; and without which we could not 

 exist. 



NVhat is the specific gravity "of atmospheric air? 



A pint measure of atmospheric air weighs 

 nearly nine grains, whereas a pint measure of 

 hydrogen gas weighs little more than half a grain. 

 The same measure of pure water weighs upward 

 of one |)ound avoirdupois. 



If the specific gravity of water be so much 

 greater than that of atmospheric air, how is water 

 retained in the atmosphere ? 



The water which is taken up by the atmos- 

 phere is not in an aqueous state, but is converted 

 into vapour by the matter of heat. 



What is the immediate cause of the waters of 

 the earth being thus vaporized ? 



As the rays of the sun warm the ground, a 

 portion of caloric, or the matter of heat, co.ii- 

 biiies with a portion of the water which has fallen 

 upon the earth, and converts it into vapor. 



But what cadses the vapor to rise in the air ? 



If a cork be place<l at the bottom ot a basin of 

 water it rises immediately to the top, because it is 

 specifically lighter than the water, so vapor ris(-s 

 in the air, because it is specifically lighter than 

 the air. 



What becomes of the water which thus evaj)- 

 orates from the earth ? 



It occupies the lower region of the atmosphere, 

 and is jireserved there jiartly ilissolved in air, and 

 partly in the state of clastic vapor. 



How is this vapor formed into clouds? 



After it has remained some time in the atmos- 

 phere it becomes in a ineasnie condensed by 

 causes unknown to ns ; and the principles 

 of water of which it was composed unite, 

 and form small liollow vesicles, which accumulate 

 together a'ld produce clouds. 



What further changes take place in this aque- 

 ous vapor ? 



By the operation of causes which are also in a 

 great measure unknown, the clouds after a time 

 become further condensed, and are converted into 

 water, which falls again upon the earth in the 

 form of rain, hail, or snow. 



What is the use of this constitution of nature. 



This principle of evaporation is of very gen- 

 eral utiliiy ; it is subservient to many natural and 

 ariificial processes, and is of perpetual use to inan 

 in every occupation of life. 



A Professor at Prague has discovered that po- 

 tatoes make good beer, as clear and as strong as 

 wine. 



Baked Beans.— An old lady by the name of 

 Beans was found burnt to a cinder, after a late 

 fire in Liverpool, Englaad. 



Large Peaches. — Mr. Groves, the manufac- 

 tiirer of pianos, brought to us yesterday, some 

 peaches from a tree which he planted three 

 years since. Each peach weighed eight ounces. 

 The tree grew in Moyamensing. — Brooklyn paper. 



Corn. — The cold weather of the past summer 

 and spring, it is known, prevented the growth of 

 the Indian Corn so much, as to interfere greatly 

 with the harvest of that important grain. Aware 

 of the effects of short seasons on summer grains, 

 Mr. E. J. Pierce who has a delightftil farm near 

 G^rmantown, procured a quantity of seed corn 

 from ihe northern part of New-Hampshire, where 

 the summers are about the shortest of any part 

 of our country. This corn was planted on the 

 first day of June, and on the first of September, 

 that is, on Thursday last, it was harvested. We 

 have now before us two ears from Mr P's, field ; 

 they are full of large grains, and we understand 

 that the eight acres planted by Mr P. with this 

 seed, will produce nearly 400 bushels. Does it 

 not concern ourfarmers generally, to provide them- 

 sehes with a quantity of such .seed, in order that 

 they may be prepared against the effects of such 

 a summer as the past upon their cornfields. 



Letters from Scotland contain very dishearten- 

 ing intelligence on the subject of the potato crop, 

 which seems in many places to have completely 

 failed. It is not only on the heavy unpulverised 

 clay soils that this has happened, but on the finest 

 soils even on the banks of the Clyde. 



Important to Farmers. — The editor of the 

 Cambridge Chronicle mentions the fret that " some 

 wheat of the last crop, to all appearances fair, will 

 not vegetate. Two experiments have placed the 

 truth beyond a doubt." Fanners should look 

 to it. 



Wheat is quoted in the Baltimore Farmer at 

 $-2,2C', a 2,32 per bushel. Rye $1,02, to 1,10. — 

 Hay $20 per ton. Flour, best white family 

 $ 12,00 a barrel. This last must be erroneous. 



Grken Corn and Snow Balls. — On Wednes- 

 day morning, we noticed in a market wagon, con- 

 taining corn in the milk, the strange sight of a 

 Snow Ball between two and three inches in diam- 

 eter. It was formed from the frost wliich on that 

 morning was visible in every direction around us, 

 blasting, we fear, the small hojies many of the 

 fanners had cherished of their corn crop. — Ports- 

 mouth Gazette. 



A Veteran.— We are informed that Mr Jona- 

 than Hall a soldier of the revolution residing in 

 Windsor, Vt. who has encountered the storms of 

 about 80 winters, cut with a sickle but a few days 

 since an acre of grain in a single day. We ac- 

 knowledge this to be a pretty large story but have it 

 from undoubted authority. Our great grandfath- 

 ers often boasted of similar feats, hut their day is 

 past. We challenge all New-England to produce 

 another man equal in years capable of perform- 

 ing an equal amount of labor in one day. — Ver- 

 mont Courier. 



Boston Notions. — It is computed by Dr. 

 Jackson, from an analysis of the water of Boston, 

 that our citizens drink annually lime enough to 

 make a column oj marble two feet iii diameter and 

 forty fet long '. — Transcript. 



Sweet Societt. — A society exists in Pennsyl- 

 vania, called the ' Beet Sugar Society.' 



