122 



NEW ENGLAND FARMER 



OCTOBER 3f'. 1836. 



ures He has stiuiiecl in the |)ractice of irnieh 

 extent of country, in that of his own particniaily, 

 in personal experiments, and in what has been 

 written on them, both by foreigners and country- 

 men. An Essay on Marl has been the first fruit 

 of his labors, an Essay on the use of Lime will 

 soon be ready: it is with ihese materials that he 

 now sets hhnself to work. To prepare for this 

 object, a series of articles, of the natiii c of a re- 

 capitulation rather than of a legular work, it was 

 necessary to be concise, and yet not to omit any 

 thing essential. It is proper, then, tliat he should 

 limit himself to the prominent parts of his sub- 

 ject, those especially useful to practice. His ad- 

 vice will then be as often empirical as regular, 

 and his directions will be precise, although sup- 

 ported by a few develo|!«ments. 



An extract from this work has appeared in the 

 Encydopedie Agricole >. here it will again appear, 

 but in the form of separate articles, which will be 

 corrected by a general systeiiiatie view of the the- 

 ory, founded on practice. This is the moment tor 

 multiplying publications on ihis subject, because 

 in almost all parts of France it is the point in 

 agriculture most controverted ; that which indu- 

 ces the most labor and ihe greatest expenditure ; 

 which presents most doubts; and which has con- 

 •sequently most need of being made clear. 



We shall not Here enlai^e upon the manner in 

 which improving matiures acti we will put otf 

 this important question, with its developements, to 

 the article on lime. Here we o.nly present the 

 ■•theoi^. Hereafter, that which we will hazard 

 will "be fiunded upon facts, and yet we do not 

 promise these developements, exce|)t so far as 

 may be necessary for the purpose of enlightening 

 and directing practice. 



In laying down Mulberries, it is noticed, that if 

 the hook be placed on any part of the shoot 

 which is tender, the shoot will perish from the 

 hook to the tip, or nearly so. The reason I sup- 

 pose is that the elasticily of the stalk causes it to 

 press so hard upon the liook, as partially or 

 wholly, to interrr.pt the circulation of the sap, and 

 of course the stalk will perish. The way to do 

 the thing as it should be done, is to place the 

 hook where the wood is formed or hardened, a 

 little earth drawn over the tip end and a pebble 

 or some small weight laid thereon, to prevent 

 rising up ; and when the buds have started up 

 about an inch, draw a little earth over the stalk. 



The aianiila Multicaulis, on account of its ten- 

 derness, is peculiarly liable to siift'er by the hook, 

 in laying down — a few of the Chinese Canton 

 suffered in this way, because the hook was placed 

 upon the tender or watery parts of the stalk. 

 There is one way to avoid this difficulty, by suf- 

 fering the buds to start before laying down, then 

 carefully placing the hook wlicre the wood has 

 some hardnes-, (if any hook is needed) and cov- 

 ering the stalk slightly with earth. In this case, 

 the only good effected by the hook, is to keep the 

 stalk in jilace steady, thfet the root may form. — 

 Silk Cabinet. 



The present Itiifh price of Food. — it is a dis- 

 graceful fact, that while flour, and all kinds of 

 bread-stuffs are scarce and exceedingly dear in 

 this country, — so much so, as to threaten the most 

 serious inconvenience, if not absolute want, to 

 many thousand of indigent families, that the quan- 

 tity of grain consumed for that vilest of purposes, 

 the manufacture of whiskey, is uotsensibly dimin- 

 ished. The N. Y. Commercial says, one hundred 

 thousand bushels of grain are consumed monthly 

 ill the city of New York for that purpose. This 

 is at the rate of ttvo hundred and forty thousand 

 bushels per annum, which might be converted into 

 nourishing food — hut which are converted into 

 destroying poison ! This is a fact worthy tlie at- 

 tention of the philanthropists as well as the adept 

 in political economy. — Mercantile Journal. 



Mulberry Layers. — Our vahiahle correspondent 

 has again addresserl us on the subject of the 

 Chinese MirJI)erry, and given us fiirth -.r experi- 

 .ments made the present year, having both the 

 Manilla and Cotton Multicaulis; the latter has 

 peculiar claim to the distinctive name of Mulli- 

 jcaulis, as it furnishes more stocks than any mul- 

 hevry we have seen ; the leavers arc of great size, 

 thickness and weight, and equal if not superior 

 to any other kind — says his mulberries are in a 

 tolerable condition, considering the unfavorable 

 season — having had two smart frosts the latter 

 part of May, Vt-liich both times killed the tejider 

 shoots, — but they all S|)rout^'d again, and proba- 

 bly more than if they had not been cut down by 

 the frost, and now, in the month of August have 

 had two more slight frosts without doing any 

 injury. 



The Manilla are tv\'0 wwks behind the Canton 

 owing to their being set out the present year. 

 The Chinese were nut removed from their la^^t 

 year's situation — the roots have given branches in 

 great number and from some have 5, 10, 20, 30, 

 40 and 50 layers from a single root of the Canton. 



The frosts in May, nearly annihilated the slips 

 or cuttings, by killing the bud, and prevented new 

 shoots — the sudden change in the atmospheie 

 took place in the night and prevented the oppor- 

 tunity of protection — the dew upon the vegeta- 

 bles congealed to ice, and land which had been 

 ploughed, was so frozen as to bear a man without 

 breaking the crust. What could stand before 

 such a frost in the month of May .= 



In Wednesday evening's paper is an interest 

 ing article upon the ornamental forest trees of 

 America, which calls to mind a large tree in 

 South Carolina that probably has few rivals, and 

 with which is connected an interesting historical 

 association. 



The Rev. Dr Harris, of Dorchester, Mass., two 

 years' since visited the town of Dorchester, South 

 Carolina, (near Charleston,) which was settled 

 in 169(1 by a coiripany from Dorchester, Mass. 

 They assembled under a large live oak tree and 

 celebrated the Lord's Supper, which was the first 

 time of its public observance in that Slate. This 

 oak tree is still fresh and green and iu full vigor, 

 though now supposed to be more than two centu- 

 ries old — long folds of the grey moss hang from 

 its branches nearly to the ground, and give it an 

 air of great veuerability. Dr Harris measured 

 the trunk, which is 28 feet in circumference and 

 very lofty, and its branches cover nearly a quarter 

 of an acre. 



I have heard much of the large trees of the 

 Mississippi and Ohio ; but I have travelled on 

 those rivers from New Orleans to Cincinnati and 

 Guyandotte in Virginia, and on the whole dis- 

 tance saw no trees so large and lofty as the noble 

 pines or hemlocks on Goat Island, at Niagara 

 Falls. — J^ew York American. 



Rochester is undoubtedly the greatest flour 

 manufactory in the world. The Flouring Mills 

 are masses of stone edifice, scune of them eight 

 stories high and nearly three hundred feet long. 

 There are twentyone mills with niuetysix runs of 

 stone in the city. Twenty thousand bushels of 

 wheat are required daily to keep them in full op- 

 eration. They can manufacture and put up ready 

 for market, five thousand barrels daily. It is es- 

 timated that during the year which terminated 

 with the first of August last, six" hundred thou- 

 sand barrels of flour have been sent to market 

 from Rochester, worth about four millions of 

 <lollars. 



The Speed of Steamers. — I have myself proved 

 by exijerimeiit on canals, that when the speed of 

 the boat is increased beyond a certain limit, its 

 drauiiht of water is rapidly diminishing, and in 

 the case of a large steam raft constructed on the 

 river Hudson, it. was found that when the speed 

 was raised to twenty miles an hour, the draught of 

 water was diminished by seven inches. I have, 

 therefore, no doubt that the increased speed of 

 steamers is attended with a like effect ; that, in 

 tact, they rise out of the water, so that although 

 the resistance is increased by reason of their in- 

 creased speed, it is diminished in a still greater 

 proportion by reason of their diminished immer- 

 sion. — Lardner on the Steam Engine. 



Remedy for Cholera. — The New York .Ameri- 

 can, the other day contained the following very 

 interesting st.-itemeut, communicated apparently 

 by a medical man. 



" New experiments made lately in France for 

 the cure of cholera have been successful in cases 

 considered incurable. The remedy is very sim- 

 ple : it consists in putting the sick person into a 

 warm bath of very salt water. Bodies already 

 much discolored, have been left three hours in a 

 bath of that kind kept constantly warm : the pro- 

 gress of a return to life was very astonishing, the 

 (.•olor changing every half hour till they had re- 

 sumed their former whiteness. The physician 

 can easily judge of the length of time the bath is 

 required. The causes of the change are these: 

 Warmth opens the pores of I he skin, and as the 

 salt has the i)ower of liquifying the coagulated 

 blood, it causes the blood congealed in the veins 

 to resume its ordinary course towards the heart 

 and thus prevents death." 



Dysentery. — A correspondent of the New Ha- 

 ven Daily Herald communicates the following re- 

 cipe for tliis dangerous disease, which at this 

 season so often proves fatal to children. 



" Having heard this morning that there are 

 many cases of Dysentery in the city, I send you 

 a receipt for a remedy, which I have never known 

 to fail of effecting a cure: Take half a tumbler 

 of lime water, ten drops laudanum, and fifteen 

 drops essence cinnamon. Dose for a grown per- 

 son, table spoonful every hour. 



There is a factory for Hoes at Reading, Pa., 

 which goes by a steam engine of 6 horse power. 

 The Hoes are made from rolled iron, then cut and 

 punched. The amount paid for Hoes imported is 

 one and a half millions of dollars annually. 



