VOb. XV. NO. 33. 



AND GARDENER'S JOURNAL 



179 



5 00. 



5 00. 

 4 00. 

 4 00. 



A Colt offered by Wm Procter, one year old, 

 (he committee are of opinion, is a good colt of his 

 «ge, and deserves favorable notice. 

 To George Drinkwater, for the best breed- 

 ing Mare, the committee award the pre- 

 mium of $5 00. 

 The committee would have been pleased to 

 award to Jonathan Stevens, a premium for the 

 Colt offered by liini, had the regulations of the 

 society admitted of it. 

 To Thomas Jameson for 5 Saxony Sheep, 



they awarded the premium of 

 To Silas Broad, for 15 full blooded Merino 



Sheep, the premium of 

 To Seth Storer, for the best Saxony Buck, 

 Also, for the best Merino Buck, 



The committee examined a 3Ienno Buck, for 

 which they would have awarded a pren)ium, had 

 they found the owner. 



The committee were much pleased with the 

 exhibition of Swine, and awarded to Moses Wins- 

 low, for the best Boar, 5 00. 

 Also, for the next best, 4 00. 

 Also, for the best Sow kept for breeding, 5 00. 

 To Rufus Read, for the best litter of Pigs, 



the premium of 3 00. 



There were three pairs of ducks offered by Mo- 

 ses VVinslow, with which the committee were 

 much pleased, and think Mr Winslow deserving 

 of credit for exhibiting them. 

 Per order, 



JOHN WARREN, Chairman. 



come forth with voracious appetites, and feed tii' 

 they get their growth, and then in the course of a 

 few weeks pass through both changes into a moth. 

 I have observed two varieties of cut worm ; alike 

 in shape, and nearly in size, wh°n full groun, hut 

 different in color and habit. 'I'liose ex|ierimented 

 with were thy common black kind, which always 

 eat off" the plant above the surface of the ground. 

 The other kind are lighter colored, almost trans- 

 parent, with a red head, and eat off the young 

 corn and other plants below the surface of the 

 ground. This last kind generally abound in old 

 sward Cultivator. 



THE GKUB WORM. 



Mr Bue7^ — Sir: I saw in the October num- 

 ber of the Cultivator, some remarks on the cut 

 worm and Hessian fly. If you think the follow- 

 ing short narrative respecting the cut worm, worth 

 publishing, it is at your service. As 1 kept no 

 re6ord, I relate from memory. 



When I was a young man, I tried the following 

 exiieriment : I took three large cut worms, and 

 put them into a tin box, with some earth to bury 

 themselves in. Once or twice I put in a few 

 fresh leaves of pig- weed — they ate but little. 1 

 waited till [ thought they had changed into the 

 chrysolite state. On examining them, I found 

 that two of them had died before they changed, 

 the other was perfectly changed, and of a dark, 

 reddish brown color. In due time it passed to 

 the second change, and came forth a darkish grey 

 moth. I then began to look for some of the same 

 kind. I soon found great numbers of them in the 

 windows in the evening, and have since found 

 many of them concealed between boards, in stone 

 heaps, &c. I thought it a had rule that would 

 not work both ways. Accordingly, I put two 

 moths, which I caught in the window, into a paper 

 box, with a few pieces of loose paper for them to 

 lay their eggs upon. In a few days the papers 

 were covered with eggs. After destroying the 

 moths, I put the box away till the following 

 spring. Some time in March I opened the box, 

 and found the eggs all hatched — the worms had 

 crawled about, and for want of nourishment were 

 all dead. I examined them through a microscope, 

 and found th«m cut worms indeed, in miniature. 

 Thus the natural history of the cut worm was 

 settled in my own mind. The eggs are deposited 

 about mid-summer, and a little after ; these eggs 

 soon hatch, and the young worms feed during the 

 livarm weather of autumn. In the spring they 



The WAT THFT I5AISF. POTATOES DoWN EaST. 



— Plough the land to a good depth, make it fine 

 and level with a harrow or cultivator, and furrow 

 about four inches deep taking pains that the fur- 

 rows are straight ; drop the potatoes in the fur- 

 row ten or twelve inches apart, and cover thsm by 

 turning two light furi-ows together over them. 

 When the plants have got to the height of an inch 

 or two, take a small horse harrow and let it be 

 di-awn exactly upon the rows, taking care to carry 

 round the harrow at the ends, or the potatoes will 

 be rooted up. If the harrow be about three feet 

 wide at the hinder part, the surface of the ground 

 will all be stirred and left nearly level. After the 

 plants have got up about six inches high, use a 

 cultivator between rows, and no more labor is ne- 

 cessary till digging time. 



I pursued this jilan in raising the long reds this 

 year. When I had dug forty bushels, thinking 

 the yield pretty good, I paced the ground on which 

 they grew and made it eighteen square rods ; a 

 more accurate measure gave sixteen. One-third 

 of an aci-e produced 140 bushels. When I com- 

 menced digging the surface was nearly level, ami 

 none of the potatoes grew out of the ground. 

 What is the use in hilling potatoes ? — Me. Far. 



[I'roin tile Silk Manual. J 



Ma Editor — Novices in the Silk business are 

 asking for the best mode of preserving the young 

 plants of the Morus Multicaulis, and White Mul- 

 berry from the effects of Winter. By jMiblishing 

 some plain directions for their preservation in the 

 next nundierof your useful "Manual," you will 

 confer a new favor on Many. 



Sept. 19, 1836. 



By the Editor. — The foregoing should have 

 been inserted in our Manual for October, but was 

 mislaid, and did not come to hand till too late for 

 our last. We will now give the best information 

 we can, at present, command. 



Dr Stebbins, of Northampton, in a communica- 

 tion for the N'orthampton Courier, lefioblished in 

 Fessenden's Silk Manual, vol. 1, p. 24, observes : 

 "Although the climate of New England may be 

 congenial to the growth and culture of the Chi- 

 nese mulberry, and trees have withstood the seve- 

 rity of several winters, even in open and exposed 

 situations, because these trees have not been dis- 

 turbed by frequent hoeing about the roots, in the 

 extensive cultivation of the Chinese mulberry, it 

 may be |)rudent to accelerate the growth in the 

 early part of the season, by fi-equent hoeing and 

 stirring of the earth about the plant, and by, or 

 before the middle of the month of August, it will 

 be necessary wholly to omit stirring the earth 

 about the roots to impede the growth of the tree. 

 To use the leaves for feeding worms, or for dry- 



ing in a shade with a sprinklingof salt, and pack- 

 ed away for early use the next s|>ring. By this 

 method tin; tree may acquire a more firm tex- 

 ture or wood. On light soil the plant will soone.st 

 cea.:e to grow ; therefore, our poor light land will 

 answer for the propagation of the Chinese mul- 

 berry, and on such lanil be more likely to acquira 

 firm wood, and the capability of withstanding the 

 sevi^rity of northern winters. 



Gideon B. Smith, of Baltimore, in a communi- 

 cation for the Baltimore Farmer-, observes that 

 "none but the young trees (of the Morus Multi 

 caulis) are ever injured by winter, and all we 

 have to do is to give them such a start as to ena- 

 ble them to repair their wood previous to the ap- 

 proach of very cold weather. I niise all my trees 

 from cuttings, in a hot bed. About the first of 

 March, I make an ordinary hot bed, like those 

 used for cabbage plants: then I take the yotm" 

 wood of the last year's gi-owth, and cut it into 

 pieces about two inches long, merely leaving a 

 single bud on each ; these pieces I stick in the 

 hot bed, three inches apart, in a slanting direc- 

 tion, the upper end inclining to the north, and 

 burying it so that the bud is scai-cely seeri at the 

 surface of the earth ; sprinkle the bed with a 

 Watering pot, and put on the gla.sses; keep the bed. 

 properly moistened by watering evei-y day, and 

 throw matting over the glass at night, and in the 

 middle of the day, to protect both from fi-ost and 

 the hot sun. By the tTiiddle of IMay, the plants 

 will be four, six or eight inches high, and may 

 then be transplanted to the place they are to grow, 

 like cabbage plant.s, watering thcin once a day for 

 eight or ten days, if the weather is dry ; they will 

 be found to be well rooted, and will grow frora 

 four to six feet the same season, and will ripea 

 their wood so that the ensuing winter will not 

 injure them. After the first year, 1 have never 

 seen any of them lost by the winter, except ia 

 some extra cases, and in these cases the white 

 mulberry has suffered, and the native mulberry, 

 fully as much as the multicaulis. Last winter, a 

 white rnulben-y tree, seven or eight years old in 

 the city of Baltimore, was killed to the ground ; 

 while my morus multicaulis, not a quai-ter of a 

 mile Irom it, and north of it too, and in a higher 

 situation, was not injured." 



Antidote to Poisons. — The fact that 

 Ground Mustard proves a sure remedy in all 

 cases where vegetable, and in nearl}' all where 

 mineral poisons are taken into the stomach 

 either by mistake or design, if given immedi- 

 ately after such deleterious substances have 

 been received, is a circumstance that should be 

 1 niversally known. 



We are led to make these remarks in conse- 

 quence of two cases of accidental poisoning 

 having come under our observation withi'.i the 

 last four weeks : one fi'om Oxalic Ac'idj the 

 other from Nitrate of Potash; in hot |i easel i 

 they were taken, supposing them to he t^julphatl j 

 of Magnesia, or "Salts." The ffirvi ^^ (. did it a 

 deadly office, by reason of its victiir /g living at a 

 distace from medical aid, and be' , „ icmorant i if 

 the fact that ground mustard, take , ;,, a dose of a 

 table spoonful, mixed in water', i i„stantaneoi us 



and powerful emetic ; the oth- availed hi' n- 



self of this remedy upon thr ' of the mom* '"> 

 and uo ill effects from " ^P .„„„ i,ave sunce 



arisen.- Bunker HiH A' »^« P°''°" 

 trora. 



