210 



NEW ENGLAND FARMER, 



•JANUARY U, 1837. 



Manufactures. 



1 For the best piece of Woolen Cloth, 

 manuracliiied by an individual or cor- 

 poration in tlie county, not less than 20 

 yards, " $6 CO 



2 For the best iiiece of do. do. maniifac- 

 lured in any family, not less than twen- 

 ty yards, 5 00 



3 For the next best piece of do do do 3 00 



4 For the best jiiece of Cassimere, not less 



than twenty yards, 4 00 



5 For the best piece of Flannel of Wool, 



not less than thirty yards, 4 CO 



6 For the best |)air of Woolen Blankets, 2 00 



7 For khe best piece of Carpeting, not less 



than twenty yards, 6 00 



8 For the second best do do 4 00 



9 For the best piece of Satinett, manufac- 

 tured by an individual or corporation, 



not less than twenty yards, 4 00 



10 For the next best, do do 2 00 



11 For the finest ])air of Woolen Stock- 

 ings, 1 00 



12 For the best pair of Cotton do 1 00 



13 For the best Hearth Rug, 2 00 



The Committee are authorized to distriliute 

 twenty dollars. 



Bonnets and Fancy Articles. 



1 For the best Straw or Grass Bonnet, .$4 00 



2 Second do do 3 00 

 The Committee are authorized to distribute 



thirty dollars. 



Articles of the Dairy, Cocoons and Silk. 



1 For the best Butter made in the Coun- 

 ty, not less than 25 pounds, $3 00 



2 Next best, do do 2 00 



3 Next best, do do 1 00 



4 For thj best Cheese do. not less than 

 one hundred pounds, 5 00 



5 Second best do 3 00 



6 To the person who shall raise and |iro- 

 iluce the largest quantity of Cocoons in 

 the county, 8 00 



7 To the person who shall raise and i)ro- 

 dnce the next largest do 6 0(1 



8 'Jo the person who shall raise and pro- 



duce the next largest do 4 00 



9 For every ounce of well wrought Silk^ 

 raised in the county, and presented fop 

 premium, 12 1-2 cts. 



The Committee are authorized to distribute 

 ten dollars. 



Inventions. 



The Committee are authorized to -distribute for 

 Inventions and Improvements in the structure of 

 Implements of .Agriculture, &c. as rewards of in- 

 genuity, twenty dollars, and five volumes of the 

 N. E. Farmer. 



Articles of Manufacture, &c. must be presen- 

 ted for examination at the meeting of the Society, 

 with marks which will not indicate to whom the 

 respective articles belong. MORTON EDDY, 

 of Bridgewater, will provide a place of deposite 

 for tnaniifactures, and no article of manufacture 

 will be received forcxamination or premium, after 

 * 9 o'clock, A. M., and no articles received, manu- 

 factured out of the county. 



Premiums claimable in future years. 



1 For the most extensive Forest of any 

 sort of Trees suitable for Tindier, raised 

 from the seed, not less than one thou- 

 sand Trees to the acre, which shall be 

 in the most flourishing condition, and 

 more than five years old in September 



184.5, $60 00 



2 Second premium for the same object, 30 CO 



3 Third do do 20 00 

 Premiums not demanded within one year will 



be considered as generously given to protuote the 

 objects of the Society. On all premiums above 

 five dollars awarded to gentlemen not members 

 of the Society, the Treasurer is directed to make 

 a deduction of twenty-five per cent, to increase 

 the funds. 



The Trustees will not consider themselves 

 obliged by the terms of the above offers, to give a 

 preniiun) in any case, when it shall be evident 

 there has been no compcitition, nor more than or- 

 dinary exertion. 



Per order of the Trustees, 



MORRILL ALLEN. 



Bridgewaier, Jan. 1837.' 



PROPER FORM AND SHAPE OP CATTIjE. 



" Whatever be the breed, there are certain con- 

 formations which are indispensable to the thriving 

 and value of the ox and cow. When we have a 

 clear idea of these we shall be able more clearly 

 to form an accurate judgment of the breeds of 

 the different countries as they pass before us. If 

 there is one part of the frame, the form of which, 

 more than any of the other, renders the animal 

 valuable, it is the chest. There must be room 

 enough for the heart to beat, and the lungs to play, 

 or sufficient blood for the purposes of nutriment 

 and of strength will not be ciiculated : nor will it 

 thoroughly undergo that vital change which is 

 essential to the proper discharge of every func- 

 tion. We look, therefore, first of all, to the wide 

 and deep girth about the heart and lungs. We 

 must have both ; the proportion in which the one 

 or the other may prfi[)onderate, will depend on 

 the service we require from the animal; we can 

 excuse a slight degree of flatness of the sides, for 

 he will be lighter in the forehand and more ac- 

 tive ; but the grazier must have width as well as 

 depth. And not only abcut the heart and legs, 

 but over the whole ribs, must ^ve have length and 

 roundness; the hooped, as well as the deep bar- 

 rel is essential ; there must be room for the cajia- 

 cious paunch, room for the materials from which 

 the blood is to he provided. The beast shoidd 

 also be ribbed home ; there should be little space 

 between the ribs and the hips. This seems to be 

 indispensable to the ox, as it iregards a good heal- 

 thy constitution, and a propensity to fatten ; but a 

 largf-ness and dropping of the belly is excusable 

 in the cow, or rather, notwithstanding it dimin- 

 ishes the beauty of the animal, it leaves room for 

 the udder; and if it is also accompanied by swel- 

 ling milk veius,it generally' indicates her value for 

 tJie dairy, 



"The roundness and depth of the barrel, how- 

 ever, is most advantageous in projjortion as it is 

 found below the point of the elbow, more than 

 between the shoulders ami legs ; or low down 

 between the legs, rather than upwards towards 

 the withers; for it diminishes the heaviness be- 

 fore, and the comparative bulk of the coarse parts 



of the animal, which is always a very great con- 

 sideration. 



" J he loins should be wide ; of this there can 

 be no doubt, for they are the prime jiarts ; they 

 should seem to extend far along the back ; and 

 although the belly should not hang down, the flanks 

 should be round and deep. Of the hips it is su- 

 perfluous to say that, without being ragged they 

 should be large ; round rather than wide and pre- 

 senting, when handled, plenty of muscle and fat. 

 The thighs should be round and long, close to- 

 gether when viewed from behind, and the farther 

 down they continue to be so the better. The legs 

 short, varying like other parts according to the 

 destination of the animal ; and decidedly short, 

 for there is an almost inseparable connection be- 

 tween length of leg and lightness of carcase, and 

 shortness of leg and propensity to fatten. The 

 bones of the legs, and they only 1/eing taken as a 

 sample of the bony structure of the frame gener- 

 ally, should be small, but not too small — small 

 enough for the well known accomplishment — a 

 |iropensity to fatten — small enough to please the 

 consumer; but not so small as to indicate delicacy 

 of constitution, and liability to disease. 



"Last of all the hide — the most important 

 thing of all — thin, but not so thin as to indicate 

 that the animal can enduie no hardship; movea- 

 ble, mellow, but not too loose, and particularly 

 well covered with fine soft hair." — Library of 

 Useful Knowledge. 



ROOTS FOR STOCK. 



Frie.nd Satward: — 



1 have seen in thy paper several articlss on the 

 cultivation of roots for cattle, and thinking thee 

 wouldst not have published so many, unless there 

 was some truth in the statements, and having 

 heard otherwise much in their favor, I thought 

 last s|)ring to cultivate some for my stock this 

 winter. Having done so, 1 send to thee the re- 

 sult of one experiment which speaks loudly in 

 their praise. 1 own a cow eight years old : she 

 is a good milker in summer, and until put to hay, 

 has had her three calves in the 7th month, each 

 year ; the present season some earlier than the 

 two preceding. Each season, before the present, 

 bv the first of the present month, she has not giv- 

 en more than a quart a day ; without any increase 

 through the winter, has been poor and shivering 

 with the cold. Last season, in order to make her 

 give more milk, I fed her, in addition to all the 

 good hay she could eat, with Indian meal from 

 two to four quarts a day, all to no purpose, so far 

 as the milk was concerned ; although her flesh 

 was hotter. In order to test the value of Ruta 

 Baga, she and another cow standing by her, have 

 had regularly every ilay since feeding time, one 

 bushel between them in addition to the hay. The 

 consequence is, that. I get more than five times 

 the milk from her that 1 did last winter, and the 

 winter before, with hay and meal, and that of a 

 much richer quality. There is no mistake, friend 

 Sayward : I milk my cows myself, and hiow whut 

 I sav is true. I am so pleased with the roots, 

 that thee wilt excuse my sending this account for 

 piblication in thy paper for the benefit of others, 

 i have owneil this cow but two winters before the 

 the present. She has her next calf the time in the 

 year she had the last. 



Thy Friend, B. R. 



12th mo. 24th day, 1836. 



Bangor Farmer. 



