214 



NEW ENGLAND FARMER, 



JANUARY 11. X8;y. 



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BOSTON, WEDNESDAY, JANUARY 11, 1837. 



PARMEUS' WORK. 



On Wood Lands, Fouest Trees, &c. — A valuable 

 paper, by the Hon. John Welles, written for the Jlassa- 

 chusetts Agricultural Reposiiory, and republislitd in the 

 N. E. Farmer, vol. i, page 32'J, reconjmends culling haid 

 wood trees, when tliey are between forty and fifty years 

 of age, and the writer stales, that " though ti'ees may 

 shoot up in length by standing longer, yet the period of 

 the most lupid vegelalion is mostly over, and by this 

 means, much of the under growth is necessarily destroy- 

 ed. Mr Welles is of opinion, that in cutting over a 

 wood lot to obtain fuel, it is best to take the whole 

 growth as you proceed." He observes that " we have 

 been condemned as evincing a want of taste in culling 

 off our forests, without leaving what it would take half 

 a century to produce a shade near where it is proposed 

 to erect buildings. The fact is, that trees of original 

 growth, have their tools mostly on the upper stratum ot 

 earth, and near the surface. A tree acts on ils roolsi 

 and is acted upon by the wind, sustaining in common 

 with ihe whole forest the force of ihis element, and it 

 becomes accominodaled or natura'ized to its pressure. 

 But when lefi alone and unsustained, it is bnrne down 

 by the gale, oft' n to the injury of property and even of 

 life." 



In an Address, delivered before the Agricultural So. 

 ciety of Susquehanna County, Penn., by R. H. Rose, 

 .Ksq., that gentleman observes that " the disposition of 

 every tree to throw out its branches towards opi-n places 

 in order to obtain light and air, and to send otFits roots 

 in the most suitable directions in search of food, dis- 

 plays an apparent con.=ciousness of situation. A tree 

 growing in a position where it is surrounded by others, 

 and defended from the wind, disperses its roots in quest 

 of nutriment, near the surface where it is most abun- 

 dant, and wastes none of its strength in low limbs, but 

 springs upwards tall and thin. But the same kind of 

 tree, in a situation exposed to the storm, takes firm and 

 deep root in the ground, and, as if conscious of the pow- 

 er of a lever, spreads its branches below, while it con- 

 tents itself with a moderate height, that the gale may 

 uiore easily pass over it." 



The culture of wood is conducted with much skill and 

 science in France, both a.s regards national and private 

 estates. In an article, written for Messrs Wells and 

 Lilly's edition of Deane's JV. E. Farmer, by Hon. J. 

 Lowell, it is remarked that " the practice of the popu- 

 lous nations of Europe, where forests have been cut oft' 

 centuries ago, and who are compelled to resort to loeas- 

 ores of ihe strictest economy to supply themselves with 

 fuel, ought to have great weight with us. France, in 

 particular, ought to be looked up to for wise lessons on 

 this subject. Her v.ist and thickly settled provinces, 

 her numerous manufactures, her poverty in mineral 

 coal, the eminence which she has attained in all eco- 

 nomical arts, entitle her to great respect. It is the prac- 

 tice of the French pc'ople not to cut oft' their woods of 

 tener than once in twenty or twenty-five years, and by 

 law, when they are cut over, tlie owner is obliged to cut 

 the whole smootli, with the exception of a very few trees, 

 which the officers of government had marked to be 

 spared for larger growth — without giving any 0| inion 

 as to the propriety of ihe direct interference ol the gov- 

 ernment on such a topic, we would say that the exam- 

 ple proves, that in the opinion of French scientific and 

 practical men, it is expedient, w^hen woodlands are cut, 

 that they should be cut smooth, in order that tr.e new 

 growth may start together, not overshaded by other 



trees of larger growth. We have no favorable opinion 

 of the utility of cutting down trees in a scattered man- 

 ner, as they appear to fail, and still less of planting 

 acorns in thinner spots of the forest. The growth thus 

 produced must forever remain feeble " 



When the farmer is clearing his land from its natural 

 growth of wood, it is best to reserve for limber, fuel, 

 &c., from the part of the premises which is least adap- 

 ted to tillage, a piece to be called the wood lot, land 

 which is stony, wet, or otiKU'wise unfavorable to culture, 

 anrl may produce wood. The quantity of ground to be 

 set apart for the preservation and growth of trees, should 

 depend on the size of the farm ; the quality of the soil 

 of the woodlands, the nature of the climate ; and fre- 

 quently on the demand, or market for wood. In many 

 cases it may he more profitable to keep land of middling 

 quality in wood, than to employ it in tillage." Of the 

 natural growth of wood, (says the Farmer's Assistmtt,) 

 it will require as much as twenty acres or more, to keep 

 two fires, according to the common method of using 

 wood for fuel ; but it is a very easy matter to have sit- 

 ting rooms warmed, and all the cooking and other ap- 

 paratus of the kitchen, so contrived as not to require 

 more than one-third of the wood that is commonly used 



PRICES FOR ADVERTISING. 



We presume it is well understood that ours is not an 

 advertising sheet, and we cannot with any justice to 

 our subscribers, occupy a larger portion of our paper, 

 than we have usually appropriated, neither can we ad- 

 mit advertisements, that are not connected in their 

 characler, wtlh the interests of our subscribers. 



These remarks are dictated in consequence of the too 

 numerous applications to advertise. We publish below 

 a scale of prices, which will be strictly adhered to. Let 

 it be borne in mind, that if our charges are higher than 

 other Newspapers, the chances of circulating, and hav- 

 ing the advertisement read, are as ten to one; for our 

 circulation is large, and we have but about 2 1-2 columns 

 devoted to advertisements, while other establishments, 

 with a more limited circulation, will give you two pa- 

 ges, and often times, three pages of advertising matter. 



For inserting 1 square three times, .^2 00 



" " i " " " 1 2.") 



" " less than 1-2 square do. 1 00 



Advertisements of Gardeners wanting plaivs ^rn<Z5. 



And Gardeners wanted, three times, 50 



12 1-2 cents will be charged for every extra insertion 



Mr Editor : Sir, — I wish to make inquiry through 

 your paper, for the best mode of using Potatoes togeth- 

 er with flour and meal, for making bread and other pas- 

 try. 1 understand they are considerab-ly used in that 

 way, by the Bakers and some others. As grain and 

 flour are so very dear, it ought to be generally known, 

 as people may economise in that way during these 

 times. A Subscriber. 



Bostun, Dec. 21), 183G. 



In answer lo onr '* Subscriber," we append the fol- 

 lowing recipo for making Potato Bread, which is the best 

 we have seen ; 



Potato Bread — The best of bread may he made by 

 mixiiii; one third pr)tatn w'ith two thirds flnor. Our lair 

 readers, at least ibusi; of the ' working mens ' stu'l, will 

 understand us \vhcn we advise them to select the dry or 

 mealy varieties of potato. Bo I them or sleam them, 

 heaving them as dry as practicable ; peel them ; rub iheni 

 thiough a coarse wire sieve, and work tliis product into 

 the fluur in the same maiiuerthat shortening is usually 

 mixed in. 



Tiie best of ail ptnce are the pennies we save. And 

 this little contrivance brings flour down to he old price. 



BraiilehvTo' Dent. 



ICThe Leoislatdre of Massachusetts met on the 

 4th inst. Horace Mann was elected President of the 

 Senate, and Julius Rockwell, Speaker of the House of 

 Representatives. The Election Sermon was preached 

 by ihe Rev. Dr. Dana of Newburyport. On the 7th 

 inst. the Committee to whom was referred the returns 

 of votes for Governor, reported the whole number of 

 votes legally returned for Governor was 78,3d9, and that 

 there were for Edward Everett, 42,1()0. Marcus Mor- 

 ton, 35,992. The whole number of votes for Lt. Gov. 

 was 78,158, for George Hull, 42,245, for William Fos- 

 ter, 35,873. In the House of Representatives the Kev. 

 Messrs Stow and King were appointed Chaplains. 



(HF We condense the following statistics from the 

 Boston Cornier : 



Flour. — Comparative statements of imports of flour 

 in the City of Boston, for the year 1835 and ItSCi. 



1835. 1836. 

 From New York, Albany and Hud- 

 son, 215,377 249,817 



Philadelphia and Delaware, - - 17,367 39,434 

 Baltimore, .... 79,349 61,()l;e 



Alexandia, Fredericksburg, George- 

 town, Richmond, Norfolk and 

 Petersburg, .... 85,794 55,3.'-'4 

 New Orleans, .... 7,033 10,680 



Other Ports, 3,629 '1,456 



40S,5G9 418,597 



It will be observed that the imports of 1836 are great- 

 er than those of 1835, by 10,026 bbls. The foreign ex- 

 ports Ihe past year, have been much less than for many 

 years previruis. 



Grain — There was imported within the year 1835, 

 943,115 bushels of Corn, 3.54,113 bushels of Oats,23,649 

 bushels ol Rye. In 1836, 1,679,9 j1 bushels of Corn, 

 ■352,192 bushels of Oats, 45,054 bushel.s of Rye. It will 

 be seen that there is an excess in the importation of 

 Corn this year over the last, of 731,836 bushels. 



Mackerel. — In 1835, there were inspected in this 

 Commonwealth, ... 194,650 bbls. 



Do. in 1836, .... 173,468 bbls. 



Deficiency in 1836, - - - 21,162 bbls. 



MASSACHUSETTS HORTICUCTURAI. SOCIETY. 



EXHIBITION OF FRDITS. 



Saturday, Jan. 7, 1837. 



By L. P Grosvenor, from his Farm, Pomfret, Conn., 

 Chandler Apples, a large fruit, dark brown, next to the 

 skin, green, clouded with brown in the shade ; flavor 

 excellent. This apple has been extensively cultivated 

 in Pomfret, for the last fifty years, and is well worthy a 

 place in any collection. It is not the Chandler ajiple 

 described by Mr Kenrick. 



A small red apple, of good flavor, called the Queen- 

 ing — not rightly named. 



From Mr James Eusiis, South Reading, a large red 

 apple, name unknown. 



From the President, Marigold and Hubbardston non- 

 such apples. 



Lewis Pears, in their prime; Passe Colmar and Wil- 

 kinson, past tneir prime. For the Committee, 



B. V. FRENCH. 



03= Several Communications ou hand, were received 

 too late for this day's paper. 



THERMOMETRICAL. 



Repnrted for itie New England Farmer. 

 Range of the Thermuinctcr at the Garden of the proprietors 

 of the New England Fanner, Brighton, Mass, in a shaded 

 Northerly exposure, week ending January 7. 



January, 1837. | 6, A.M. | l2.M. | 6, P.M. j Wind. 



