28G 



NEW ENGLAND FARMER, 



MARCH 15, 1^37. 



BOSTON, WEDNESDAY, MARCH 15, 1837. 



(For Ibe New Kiigland Farmer ) 

 SUGAR PROM THE BUTTERNUT. 



Mr Editor : — On reading your papi-r of the 8th inst.> 

 I noticed a correspondent ini]oiring if the Juglans offi 

 cinatis, or, according to the late Dr Cutler, the Juglans 

 catkarticus, yielded a sap Irorn which good sugar can be 

 made. You may answer tiiat a friend of yours knows 

 iit to be a fact, tliat it will malie very good sugar. " I 

 received," lie states, " some well made sugar frcjm a Mr 

 Pearson of Epsom, New Hampshire, a man of establish- 

 ed integrity, more than ten years since." The gentle- 

 man who received the sugar alluded to, showed it to the 

 Trustees of the Massachusetts Society for Promoting 

 Agriculture, at a meeting at his house, and his impres- 

 sion is, that it is mentioned in one of tiie volumes of 

 their Transactions. P. 



(For tlje iNew England Farmer.) 



Fehniartj 13, 1837. 

 Preserving and Pruning Muleerrv Trees. — Mr 

 Editor — Will you be so kind as to inform nje, what js 

 the best mode of preserving young Mulberry Trees that 

 have been brought from a di.-^tance at this season, until 

 the proper time for setting them out.' 



Also, the best time for pruning mulberries that have 

 boon some time transplanted and shamefully neglected .' 

 How a montii or two months iieiice.' Yours, &.c. 



Nkopuvte. 



By the Editor. — The above would have received ear- 

 lier notice, had it not been accidentally mislaid. With 

 regard to preserving younj- mulberry trees brought from 

 a distance, and received in the winter time, we sh"iuld 

 suppose that the plants may well be set out in fiower 

 pots, the loots embedded in light loam, and the pots 

 placed in a green-lionse or cellar; or perhaps they may 

 be set out in trenches in the bottom of a cellar, to be 

 transplanted as soon as tlie sap begins to rise in spring ; 

 and llie ground in which it is intended the mulberry 

 plant,-- to grow, can be properly prepared. 



With regard to pruning, it is directed so to manage 

 that branch of the culture, as tu remedy any imperfec- 

 tions wliich may exist in the form of the trees. Prun- 

 ing should be performed once in two or three years. — 

 June is the proper season for pruning, and the young 

 branches which are taken olT, will alTord [eaves for the 

 woiins. 



(For the Nen- England Farmer ) 

 REMARKS ON ROADS. 



Mr Editor — A person returning from Europe to this 

 country, is struck anion<; other things, with the differ- 

 ence in the roads Abroad ihey are considered as exclusive 

 means of intercourse much more than here, from the 

 saturc of the country, and therefore, they require great- 

 er attention, perhaps. But the European governments 

 consult the convenience of their citizens also, more •than 

 ours, and from that cause, they raise their fountains, es- 

 tablish their public walks, and macadamize the common 

 roads. In this cnunlry might not our roads, vshich are 

 now frequently uncom.'"iirtable from their roughness, b': 

 reclaimed at no great expense, by adojjting a method 

 somewhat similar to that of some portions*of the old 

 world i Heaps of stone are collected alongside the 

 road, whether taken from streams, shores, mountains or 

 fields. A few men are employed on every mile to break 

 up these with mallets, to the propersizo and spread them 

 and every object is accomplished. Would not our far- 



mers for a slight compensation, remove to the road side 

 the stones which injiiie their fields.' And would not 

 materials sufficient fi»r macadamizing, be furnished by 

 that means and by the roads themselves .' 



In general, I think it might be so done to the great 

 benefit of all, and at little expense. At any rate, 

 among the improvements of the day, some consideration 

 should be given to common roads as well as Rail-roads. 



E. 



(Fertile New England Farmer.) 

 MANUFACTURE OP CHEESES,. 



Mr EntTOR: — If you think th.il the following method 

 of securing Cheeses from access to the skipper fly, so 

 trouble.'-ome during the maniifact'jring season, will be 

 of any service to }'0ur Ciieese-manufacturing subsrjri- 

 bers, you are at liberty to publish it in your valuable pa- 

 [ler. — It is simply to form a firm coating o( paper on the 

 flat surfaces or ends. (1 allude to those of cylindrical 

 shape ) The kind of paper I use is a species of straw 

 paper, of a smooth, yet a very firm texture. When this 

 cheese is about to be put to the press for the last time, 

 the paper is cut to the size of the surface to be covered. 

 It is then wet or moistened, and spread smoothly upon 

 the cheese. By this means it will fold a little over the 

 edges upon the circular surface. The pressing cloth or 

 envelope is then carefully applied, and also the hoop or 

 mould. When the cheese is taken from the press, this 

 paper will be fjund completely embedded in tie surface 

 by the tcNture of the cloth, which will separate from it 

 with pcifect exactness. Nothing further is necessary 

 than to turn the cheese once a day, till the coating shall 

 fiave acquired sufficient firmness by drying. 



Lard or butter should be applied only upon the circu- 

 lar surface, to prevent the Cheese from cracking — as 

 cheese if properly pressed, will swell or erown a little 

 upon the surface. Hence the difficulty of applying the 

 same coating to this part of the cheese likewise. Lard 

 should be applied to the surface upon which it is to be 

 used for a few days, until the cheese has got its Mi, oth- 

 erwise the cheese while swelling, might crack. Clieeses 

 should also be turned often while new and regularly, 

 otherwise they acquire an irregular shape. There is 

 no necessity for keeping them in a dark place, as no fly, 

 with the aid of all the light, can possibly find a crack or 

 crevice for its deposites. Respectfully yours, 



C. CoLEMJN. 



MASSACHUSETTS HORTlrUIiTlRAL SOCIETY. 



EXHIBITION OF FRUITS. 



Saiurday, .March 11, 1S37. 



By Mr Haggerson, from the Conservatory of J. P. 

 Gushing, Esq.— A pair of fine Cucumbers, of the variety 

 denominated " Prize Fighter." This is a valuable kind 

 for frame culture, and an abundant bearer. 



Apfi.es. — From John Clapp, South Reading — a na- 

 tive kind, of pleasant flavor, unknown to the Commit- 

 tee. 



Flowers. — A fine bouquet, by Mr S. Sweetser, of 

 Cambridgnporl Calceolaria pallida, by W. W. Carter 

 of Cambridge. Seedling Pansies by S. Walker of Rox- 

 bury. 



Saturday, March 4. 

 Pears. — By E. Breed, Esq from his garden in Charles- 

 town, — St. Germain, grown on a Quince stock — \eTy 

 large, fair and fine as this fine old fruit formerly appear- 

 ed. Bezide Chauinontelle — also, a middle sized baking 

 French fruit — and another French fruit, rather large 

 and very fair ; very sweet, but not high flavored. One 

 ofthe Committee fult assured that this fruit was the 

 Lansac or Uaupbine. 



By Mr Vose, President of the Society. — Easter Eeurro 

 veiy fine, one ofthe best of all new kinds for fine qual- 

 ity, productiveness, and for keeping. 



By Mr Bartlett. — Lewis and £chasserie. 



By Mr Richards — Princes St Germain. 



By Mr Downer. — -Lewis, Beurre Raiice, Beurre Oiel, 

 and Passe Colmar. 



By William Kenrick. — D'Aremberg of Mr Knight — 

 Glorie Morceau or Beurre D'Hardenpont. 



Apples. — By Mr Downer, — old Pearmain, Gardner 

 Sweeting, Minot Apple, a small golden russety color- 

 ed fruit, very fine. Orlley Pippin, large and first rale 

 fruit Lady apple, Wales apple, very handsome and 

 excellent. 



By Dr Joshua Gardener of Dorchester. — Ribstone pip- 

 pin and Ortley-pippin. 



liy Mr Bartlett —White Calville, fine. 



By Mr Vose. — Old Pearmiln, old Nonsuch, Hubbards- 

 ton Nonsuch, .Marigold and Lady apple. The last small 

 and beautiful. The rest all fine. Also, Wales apple, a 

 red, handsome fruit of fine quality. The tree a strong 

 grower, and comes into bearing early — an abundant bear- 

 er in alternate years. For the Committee. 



WILLIAM KENRICK, Chairman. 



Wfster.s Wosdehs. — .A friend showed us a more 

 than common curiosity, — being no less than a sketch of 

 an ancient city, the remains of which have been discov- 

 ered a year past, in the fertile and flourishing territory 

 of Wisconsin — on the west branch of Rock or Crawfish 

 river. The brick walls of this metropolis, thus acciden- 

 tally rescued from the mists and mould of the past, are 

 between four and five feet high. At their base, they are 

 nearly twelve feet in thickness. At regular intervals of 

 five rods, massive buttresses support these ramparts, 

 which circummured a city of nearly three miles, in an 

 irregular oblong square The remains of five largo 

 buildings are enclosed within this space, and nearly 50 

 others of smaller size, may there be found. The walls, 

 as defined in the unpretending sketch to which wc al 

 iude, are in length on the north, one hundred rods ; on 

 the east, fifty-five; on the west, forty five. The re- 

 maining boundary has not been accurately traced. From 

 an inscription on a rude porlal of the city, it was found, 

 that its name was Azialan. 



Now who lifted these walls, and established the gates 

 of this fijrest city ; and when .' Were they reared be- 

 Ibre successive springs had brought up the wilderness to 

 its full stature' These are points on which conjecture 

 alone can play the umpire. Was llie region of Wiscon- 

 sin, in other days, some goUlen Hispaniola, pregnant 

 with mines like those which the immortal Columbus en- 

 countered, and which led him to believe that he had 

 verily discovered the Opiiir ofyore, and the ruins of re- 

 fining furnaces of Hebraic construction .' Who can tell .' 

 What sort of city was this AztaLn ? — Phil. Gaz. 



Immense Chimnev. — The Carlisle Journal says: — 

 " The imn.ense Chimney attached to the new cotton 

 factory, n..w being built for Messrs Peti.-r Dixon & Sons, 

 in Shaddongale, had the last stone placed upon it on 

 Thursday last. It is one of the hig.'iest buildings in 

 England, being 305 feet Irom the ground, and for the 

 purpose to which it is to be applied, is understood to bo 

 the highest erection in the world. It may be distinctly 

 seen for many miles in all directions around Carlisle, 

 and forms a beautiful object in the view of our city from 

 whichever quarter you approach it." The same paper 

 gives an interesting account of the mode of enabling 

 parties to ascend to the top, and fiom which the view is 

 described as most extensive and picturesque — Lnndon 

 paper. 



