VOL,. XVn.NO. 47. 



AND HORTICULTURAL REGISTER. 



373 



;cl my summer grain upon land where I had corn 

 ast year, without other preparation than ploughing. 

 1 stn'ved three and a halt" acres of wheat, and used 

 mc bushel and three pecks of seed to the acre. 

 One and a half acre was sown with the common 

 while-hearded wheat, and two acres with the white 

 ball] wheat. The soil was a mi.xture of clay and 

 sanil. 1 used no lime. 



17. I have laid down to grass 14 acres, in May 

 last. I used eight quarts of seed to the acre, one- 

 half timothy and the other clover, with a grain crop. 

 l.-J. T have between 40 and .50 head of cattle and 

 three horses, which together with fodder and the 

 Ftrnv produced from ray farm, furnish my manure. 

 I [Hit It in heaps in the spring, excepting what I 

 use of the compost for corn, &c. 



lit. My stock consists of fjur oxen, eighteen 

 cows, twenty young cattle, three horses, and fifty 

 sheep. I have two barns, one 40 by .50 feet, the 

 otlier 30 by 40 feet in size. I have one stable un- 

 der ground, 30 by 40 feet, and one shed and stable 

 20 by 40 feet in size. My manure is not covered. 

 •20. My cows are of native breed, 

 ■2\. In raising my calves I feed them upon new 

 milk until they are two weeks old, then upon skim- 

 ri:ed milk and whey, until they are three months 

 old, when I turn them out to pasture. 



'>?. I have made this year 1500 lbs. of butter, 

 and 4000 lbs, of cheese, all of new milk. 



•33. I have twentyfive swine of the Byfield and 

 Berkshire breed crossed, and maks fortyfive hun- 

 dred weight of pork. 



24. I feed my pigs upon whey and pasture the 

 hogs which I have wintered. I give them the wind- 

 fall apples and afterwards fatten them upon corn. 



25. My hog-pens give me fifteen cart-loads of 

 manure yearly, which is made of corn and straw. 



26. I have two sons; one aged loand the other 

 17 years of age. I have also a colored boy, 18 

 years of age, bound to me until he is 21 yeari of 

 age, who, together with myself, do all the labor up- 

 on my farm. 



27. I have 150 apple trees— 30 of them are 

 grafted — the remainder natural fruit. 



28. [ have 100 other fruit trees, peaches, &c. 



29. My fruit trees have never been attacked by 

 canker-worms or otherwise. 



30. I do not allow the use of ardent spirits in 

 the cultivation of my farm. 



Respectfully submitted. 



Your ob't servant. 

 f Oct. 29, 1838. 



' N. B.— T stated to Mr Allen, the agent, who in- 

 epected my farm, the quantity of grain I raised dur- 

 ing the past year. I did not include, however, 40 

 bushels of white beans, which I raised among my 

 corn. 



FAS.M REPORT C. 



The following answers are made by the subscri- 

 ber to the questions given in the printed premium 

 list for 1838. To the first question he answers— 



1. His farm comprises 170 acres. 



2. The soil consists of gravel and loam. 



3. My method of management is to put the land 

 in grass as soon as I gel a good bottom and then 

 keep it up by manure. After pasturing one year, 

 I break up. The meadows (i. e. the mowing lands) 

 are better to remain, without coming under the 

 plough. 



4 I have aboiU 75 acres in pasture and tillage. 

 Generally I use about 25 cart-loads of manure to 

 the acre. 



.5. I\ly manure from the stables is applied in the 



spring the long manure lies until fall, when it is 



spread on the meadows. 



6. I put the manure in the hill when I plant. 



7. For winter crops I plough twice (fallow my 

 land) and harrow. For corn and potatoes T plough 

 once in the spring and use the harrow and roller 

 liberally. 



8. Most of my mowing is upland, producing say 

 for G5 acres on» ton and a half an acre. 



9. I irrigate about four acres. I let in the wa- 

 ter about the first of May and keep it on until about 

 the first of July. It produces about double the or- 

 dinary crop. 



10. A part of the irrigated land and all the up- 

 land meadov/ is manured, by long manure, at the 

 rate say, of 25 loads to the acre. 



11. Of low land not suitable for the plough, I 

 have about 7 or 8 acres. Tlie kind of hay is Eng- 

 lish and clover of good quality when manure is 

 used ; and the quantity, about 1 1-2 ton per acre. 



12. I improve my low lands by thorough ditch- 

 ino- and manuring, and my success has been good. 



"is. I have this year 2 1-2 acres in corn. The 

 land used wa^ in stubble ; bore oats the 3 years pre- 

 vious ; rye 4 years since, and oats 5 years. I plough- 

 ed, harrowed, and furrowed both ways and dropped 

 the manure in the hill. The seed used was the 

 Dutton corn, rolled in plaster. The quantity of 

 manure, about 10 loads to the acre. The produce, 

 about 30 bushels sound corn. I gave it three dress- 

 ings with the hoe. 



14. In potatoes I have 2 1-2 acres, same kind of 

 land,^ and treated in the same way, excepting being 

 hoed twice only. My crop is poor this year ; about 

 150 bu. to the acre. The kinds raised are Orange, 

 and English white. I planted 1 1-2 acre of green 

 sward ploughed once, dragged ; without manure ; 

 hoed twice'; the produce about 200 bu. to the acre.. 

 Same kind of seed. 



15. I planted or sowed 2 acres- to ruta baga. It 

 was stubble land ; ploughed three times ; manured 

 with stable (ox) manure ; about 20 loads to the acre, 

 dropped in furrows, upon which the seed was sow- 

 ed with Merchant's drill-barrow ; being very dry, 

 the crop is not good— say 300 bu. to the acre. I 

 shall feed them to fatting cattle and working cattle 

 in the spring. From experience, I think potatoes 

 a better crop for cattle. 



It}. I sowed 25 acres of oats ; ploughed once ; 

 part was a clover ley, including 7 acres. This 

 was. the fifth crop of oats ; part was potato land ; 

 harrowed twice ; sowed about 2 1-2 bushels to the 

 acre. It was a light crop this year, from drought 

 I used plaster and no manure. I sowed 3 acres to 

 spring wheat ; ploughed once and then ploughed 

 in the seed, 2 bu. per acre ; 4 bu. tea wheat and 2 

 bu. German wheat; rcdled the seed in lime and 

 sowed on the crop about 1 bu. per acre of lime. 

 Soil is loam and gravel— crop pretty good— not yet 

 threshed. I have about 20 acreo of winter rye; 

 part on a clover ley ; ploughed but once ; the re- 

 mainder plouffhed twice (fallowed ;) harrowed twice; 

 sowed about "5 pecks to the acre— dry. I shall 

 plaster it in the spring. I raised 300 bu. buckwheat 

 on about 14 acres; ploughed tlie land twice and 

 harrowed. 



17. I stocked down about 18 acres this season 

 with oats, about the last of April. For pasture I 

 use 3 qls. of clover ; for mowing 1 qt. of clover and 

 5 of herds grass. 



18. I have no means of making manure except 

 ing from stables and hog-pen. 



19. My stock is variable. I sold 30 tons of hay 

 last year and fed out the remainder. Generally 

 winter 7 or 8 yoke of oxen— keep about 3 yoke for 

 the farm ; about 5 or C cows ; about 15 head of 

 young cattle ; 2 horses ; 44 sheep ; sell the lambs. 

 I have 2 barns— one 30 by 40 ft. ; one 28 by 71 ft. 

 No cellar ; part of the manure is under cover and 

 part in the yards. 



20. My cows are of the native breed. 



21. I let some of the calves which are intended 

 to be raised, run with the cows, and some are rais- 

 ed by hand. I feed them with milk in summer, 

 and potatoes and apples in winter, daily. 



22. Make butter and cheese only for family use. 



23. I keep 7 hogs ; have now 4. 1 put up last 

 year 2100 lbs. of pork ; I hope to make 1500 lbs. 

 this year. The breed is believed to be Byfield. 



24. Insummerlfeedmy hogs with bran and slops 

 from the house and let them run in clover. I fatten 

 them on apples and provender of oats and buck- 

 wheat ground together, but not cooked. 



25. I get about 10 loads of manure from the hog 

 stye. I litter the pens with straw. 



26. I keep about 4 laborers,, excepting in haying, 

 when I have more. For my regular hands I pay 

 one $18 and cne .$14 per month. I pay $1 a day 

 for haying and board the men. 



27. I have about 200 apple trees, part natural and 

 part grafted fruit— principally tJie latter; they are 

 mostly young trees. 



28. I have some pears, peaches and cherries, say 

 75 trees. 



29. I have never suffered from canker worms. 

 For borers I put ashes about the roots. 



30. I use no eider nor beer ; possibly one gal- 

 lon of spirits in a year. 



I believe the foregoing to be fair answers, as 

 near the fact as I can state. 



Rotation of Crops. 

 I state the following facts :— In 1833 1 took six 

 acres of clover ley, limestone soil, broke up and 

 planted with corn and manured in the hill. In 34 

 I put on a crop of oats, ploughed once and harrow- 

 ed twice ; the produce was about 40 bu. per acre. 

 In '35 plouo-hcd twice and sowed to oats; produce 

 about 50 bu! per acre. In '36, ploughed twice and 

 sowed to oats ; produce about 30 bushels per acre. 

 These were sowed too late. In '37, ploughed once 

 and sowed to oats ; produce about 30 bushels per 

 acre. A fine bed of white clover covered the land. 

 In'3S, plouc^cd once and sowed oats; produce 

 about 30 bushels per acre; much white clover ap- 

 peared 1 sowed clover seed in '38, and stocked 

 down the land. ThLs year has been a very bad 

 season for oats, but the crop has been a full aver- 

 age of other lands. I have applied from 1 to 1 l-i 

 bushel ofplaster every year. I am decidedly ot 

 opinion that the land has improved under this course 

 of cidtivation. I plough deep. 

 J\fovemher 1, 1838. 



Neo-roes in Alabama bring at auction, on an av- 

 erage,°about eight hundred dollars a head, while 

 soo'd lands, by the same mode of sale, bring sel- 

 dom more than one dollar per acre. It costs more 

 to stock a farm than to purchase it, by at least a 

 hundred to one. Such a fact as this indicates a no 

 very healthy state of things so far as the farming 

 interest is concerned. — Bosto n Times. 



1 The papers from every section of the country, re- 

 port a remarkably promising appearance of the com- 

 ina crops. So may it continue.— i&. 



