VOL. XVII. NO. 48. 



AND HORTICULTURAL REGISTER, 



381 



ii'th month to the tenth of the seventh. Its growth 

 •s slow at first, and if sown earlier weeds are apt 

 to get the start — if later it is liable to injury from 

 early frosts. 



Topping corn is doubtless injurious to the crop. 

 Taking away the suckers may be as great a disad- 

 vantage, but of this I am not as certain. Tlie lat- 

 ter greatly increases the quantity of milk when fed 

 to cows. The tops are of less value for this pur- 

 pose. Being given in a state of less succulency 

 they have more tendency to fatten the animal. 



In addition to the produce of the farm, most of 

 which has been sold in the form of milk and beef, 

 from six to eight hundred dollars worth of grain 

 has been annually purchased for the stock, and till 

 within a few years, more or less, hay of this ; there 

 is now a large surphissage. 



E.Kceptirig 20 cords bought in 1827, no manure 

 has been purchased for the farm but ashes. Of 

 these about 900 bushels annually on an average 

 for the last thirteen years. 



The produce obtained last year from C3 acres, 



(seven of the bog being in preparation for seeding 



contributed nothing to the amount of crops,) con- 



isted of 100 tons of hay, millet and barley, allow- 



'g five pounds to the cubic foot; corn fodder and 



een stalks equal to 5 tons of hay; 12 tons of 



mpkins, 175 bushels of corn, 400 of potatoes, 330 



turnips, 30 of beets, and a supply of other vege- 



es for the table. The potato crop was a failure. 



-n ordinary season I sliould probably have had 



' 1500 to 1800 bushels. My average crop of 



is about 50 bushels, though owing to frosts of 



vo previous, and the drought of last season, 



tU 



'' fallen considerably short for three years past. 



• farm is rented at G per cent, on its value, 

 °n'lf the amount being expended in improve- 

 ™^ This is added to the cost or value of the 

 ifl"Of course the rent is annually advancing. 



■^subjoined account gives the result of last 

 y^^'"anagement, nothing having been credited 

 the f f„r house rent or horse keeping — for fruit 

 "I" '"Vden vegetables, or the daily and various 

 servic,g,.fotnied for the accommodation of my 

 famil) 



Dr. 



$2051 50 

 purchased during ihe year 611 00 



1838— ,._ 1. 

 Farm lJij 



)r and board of hands including ray 



Cr. 



$4911 47 



By cash re.j f„ ^,1^ ^ItjjO 55 



'' " beef 963 16 



All otiiupjpig including improvements 



of far p3p{ p^j, uf lent 947 77 



Stock o^d 1211, „,„. 31 _ 2293 50 



The ded „ of 



Leaves a ,<.e of 

 in favor of the, 



Respect' i|,j, friend, 



$6015 28 

 4911 47 



$1103 81 



ADAM ANTHONY. 



RM REPORT D. 



To the CoTrespOr Secretary of the Massachusetts J)g- 

 ultural Society. 



1. I have on,]jred and two acres exclusive 

 of wood land in farm. 



2. The sou i^g^ warm. It consists ffener- 

 ally of loamy gr. 



3. I think the best method of improving n;y lands 

 is by manure and plaster with grass-seed. 



4. I till about twentythree acres a year. Where 

 I manure, as far as it will go, I use twenty loads to 

 the acre. 



5. I apply my manure in a long green state. 



(i. I generally spread and plough in my manure 

 for corn and potatoes. This season I carted a part 

 of my manure into heaps. The first of April it un- 

 derwent a fermentation until the 8th of May. I 

 then put it into hills for corn. It did remarkably 

 well. 



7. I plough my green sward in June. I let it 

 lay until the last of .'\ugust; then drag it down. 

 The first part of September I cross plough it ; har- 

 row it again ; about the middle, sow on my seed ; 

 apply a small quantity of manure and harrow it in. 



8. I mow 14 acres ; the average yield is one and 

 a half tons to the acre, 



9. I irrigate 17 acres. About the first of De- 

 cember the water is allowed to be put on, and kept 

 on until the 15th of April ; then taken off. If ap- 

 plied as above stated the quality is herds grass and 

 redtop. The quantity is two tons three hundred to 

 the acre on an average ; if kept on till the middle 

 of May, it brings almcfst all kinds of noxious weeds, 

 and coarse wide-bladed grasses. 



10. I put no manure nor plaster on irrigated 

 lands. On upland I apply plaster and no manure. 



11. I have no low meadows excepting as above 

 stated. 



12. I have no bog or peat lands. 



13. I have planted six and a half acres in corn ; 

 I plough the ground lightly and drag it down fine. 

 The seed is rolled in plaster ; one-half consists of 

 the large eight-rowed yellow corn ; the other is 

 white red glazed corn. Of hog and sheep manures 

 I apply five loads to the acre, put into the hills. 

 Judging from what I have gathered, the averao-e 

 yield is sixty bushels to the acre. 



14. I planted one and a quarter acre in potatoes. 

 One-half the manure w-as spread on and ploughed 

 in ; the other half was put in the hills. That which 

 was spread on and ploughed in proved best. The 

 quantity raised on the one and a quarter acre was 

 345 bushels of long p'nk-eyed potatoes. 



15. I raised one hundred bushels of the common 

 white turnip among my corn. I apply them after 

 boiling for hogs and fatting cattle. 



16. I sowed four acres of winter grain, three of 

 rye, one of wheat. The ground was prepared and 

 the grain sowed, and a small coat of manure was 

 carted and spread atop of the grain before it was 

 harrowed. Of rye I sow 13-4 bushel, of wheat 2 

 bushels to the acre. The kind of wheat is red 

 bald wheat. The soil is a gravelly loam. The 

 seed was rolled in plaster. 



17. I have laid down to grass this season five 

 acres on the second of May ; I use six quarts of 

 seed to the acre. The land was sowed with oats ; 

 the oats were a small crop. 



18. My mode of making manure is by gather- 

 ing all kinds of straw and weeds and by keeping 

 all kinds of stock. 



19. I\Iy live stock consists of 2 oxen, 4 cows, 4 

 young cattle, 3 horses, 185 sheep and lambs. I 

 have one barn 46 feet square, and another 23 by 42 

 feet. I have no barn cellar. My manure is prin- 

 cipally covered by two extra cow-houses. 



20. My cows are mostly of native stock with a 

 little mixture of Durham blood. 



21. In raising calves I take them from the cow 

 at one day old, feed them with milk from the cow 



two weeks, then give them skimmed milk and add a 

 little meal which is scalded. 



22. I made 481 lbs. of butter, 100 lbs. of cheese 

 of new milk. One cow was dry from March until 

 the first of October. 



23. I have nine old hogs, six pigs of native breed, 

 crossed with the Mocho. I have made 3-300 lbs. of 

 pork. 



24. I feed my hogs with the slop from the house 

 and graze them on clover. I commence giving 

 them apples, potatoes, pumpkins in the fall, and 

 boll them together. Very soon I add a little prov- 

 ender and then give some corn. 



25. I obtain from my hog styes generally, 15 

 loads of manure made from straw, cobs, and vari- 

 ous kinds of vegetables. 



26. I hire one man by the year at f^lSO; one 

 man 18 days m haying, at $18 ; and one man six 

 days picking corn at 40 cents a day — total, .$170 40. 



27. I have 190 apple trees — 31 of them are graft- 

 ed fruit 



28. I have 25 trees of various kinds of fruit ex- 

 clusive of apples. 



29. My trees have not suffered from canl;rr 

 worms or borers. 



30. I allow a very little spirit through the hay- 

 ing season. 



Estimate of the Produce of the Farm in 1838. 



28 1-2bu. wheat at $2 per bu. $.57 00 



56 " rye at $1 do. 56 00 



oatsat45cts. 110 25 



buckwheat at 62 1-2 cts. 17 81 



corn at 81 390 00 



potatoes at 2 .^. 81 66 



white beans at $1 2 00 

 common white turnips at 25 c, 25 00 



ruta baga at 25 c. 15 00 



bbls. cider at $1 per bbL 57 00 



winter apples at 25 c. 10 00 



apples to feed at 12 c. 12 00 



apples fed out at 6 1-4 c. 15 62 



Incoine of the garden for family use 23 00 



12 loads pumpkins at $1 12 00 



57 tons hay at $10 per ton 570 00 



800 bundles corn stalks at $1 per hun. 8 00 



Grass feed for all kinds of stock 321 43 



Poultry raised worth 28 25 



600 lbs. wool at 50 c. 300 00 



3300 lbs. pork at 10 c. 330 00 



76 lambs raised at $1 75 per head 1:33 00 



14 fat sheep sold for $37 37 00 

 20 sheep sold for $28 50 28 50 

 4 spring calves at $6 a head 24 00 

 10,000 ft. lumber at $12 per M. 12Cf 00 



15 cords of fire wood at $2 50 37 50 

 481 lbs. butter at 20 c. 1)6 20 

 100 lbs. cheese at 7 c. 7 00 

 10 tons straw at $2 50 25 00 

 2 bbls. soap at $4 8 00 

 42 yds. flannel at 4 s. 28 00 

 145 loads manure at 50 c. 72 50 

 900 lbs. spring shoats at 6 c. 54 00 



56 

 245 



28 1- 

 390 

 245 



a 



100 



60 



57 



40 

 100 

 250 



$3112 72 

 One thing I would mention that I consider very 

 essential in keeping my farm in a good state of 

 cultivation ; that is to let a good coat of grass re- 

 main on the ground during the winter. It serves 

 as manure and makes my feed shoot forth very rap- 

 idly in the spring. 



Yours with respect 

 Oct., 1838. 



