VOL. XVIII. 'SO. 14. 



AND HORTICULTURAL REGISTER. 



127 



nd the ert'oct was quick ami. powerful, and ho says 

 has inner applied any cither manure that can be 

 jmpiired witli it in its beneficial results; — the po- 

 toes were superior to any he ever saw, both in 

 jality and quantity, and at least two weeks earlier 

 an coiniiion. He soaked also oats about 12 hours 

 id some not so long — the result was tlie same as 

 )plied to the corn — superior to tliat not soaked, on 

 nd in the same condition. lie soaked timothy 

 id clover seed a few hours in poudrette, and rolled 

 in lime, — same beneficial result; and he reconi- 

 ends tlie manures as the best he ever tried. 

 The corn above referred to was planted from the 

 HhofMay to the first week in June, some with 

 Hidrette in the hill and some without any, but 

 ere lime and barnyard manure had been put in 

 oad cast on the land ; in three weeks after plant- 

 the poudrette corn was as large again as that 

 1 v.liich no poudrette had been put, ripened from 

 •o to three weeks earlier in the field than it did 

 the garden, where there was no poudrette, but 

 her manure had been applied. On the 18th of 

 ugust, the corn from the field wa.=i too old to eat 

 the diviner table as green corn, and it is believ- 

 tliat corn manured with about one gill of pou- 

 ette ir ilie hill, without any other manure, will 

 len in our coldest summers, sufficiently ear- 

 to make an entire crop. The Mercer pota- 

 es ripened two weeks earlier, and were finer and 

 rger in the month of August, than any other po- 

 to. 



All persons who have made a fair trial of these 

 inures, unite in making the following summary so 

 as has come to the knowledge of the manufac- 

 rers, that is to say — 



That the corn, grain and other vegetables sowed 

 planted in land manured with urate or poudrette, 

 me up quicker, stronger, and of a dark green col- 

 , and grew with great rapidity, and promise an 

 crease in yield over any other, nut manured with 

 se manures, and the -crops ripen from one to 

 ee weeks earlier, and the Long Island farmers 

 y it is the cheapest and best manure they can 

 ocure. 



Morus Midticautis. — Prom information received, 

 ;e gill of poudrette applied to the roots of a young 

 ;e, made bare, and then covered up with earth, 

 s produced a most powerful effect in its growth 

 id foliage. It does not answer so well to sow it 

 broad cast, as some persons have done, over the 

 nd. With trees or vines, the manure must come 

 immediate contact with the roots. 

 Peach trees fail and die from two causes — 

 1st, from overbearing — and 2nd, they are killed 

 the grub worm, which enters the body of the 

 ee just at the surface of the earth. To remedy 

 ith these evils, it is believed that if you will bare 

 e roots of the tree for some 12 to 20 inches, and 

 It in immediate contact with the roots about two 

 larts of poudrette in the month of May, and the 

 ie quantity in September, and cover the earth 

 fer it again, it will replenish the exhaustion creat- 

 1 by overbearing. At the same periods of time, 

 Jt close around the body of the tree at the surface 

 10 quarts of urate, and cover the same with earth, 

 d give.it one watering, the effluvia froui the urate, 

 ?ini' of the nature and strength of the spirits of 

 irfshorn, it is believed no worms can exist near it. 

 obacco leaves wrapped around the body of the 

 ee, have been found a complete remedy against 

 le grub. 



Further Testimony. — Dr Granville, in his report 

 ithe Thames Improvement Company, in speaking 



of the immense source of agricultural wealth which 

 the sewers of London afiord, but which is now worse 

 than lost, makes the following stateuient of facts 

 furnished by them. 



If a given quantity of land sown, and without 

 manure, yields three times the seed einjiloyed, then 

 the same quantity of land will produce 5 times the 

 quantity sown, when manured with old herbage, pu- 

 ti id grass or leaves, garden stuff, &c. ; 7 times 

 when manured with cow dung; 9 times with pi- 

 geon's dung ; 10 times with horse dung ; 12 times 

 with urine ; 12 times with goat's dung; 12 times 

 with sheep's dung ; and 14 times with night soil ; 

 (night soil is the same as poudrette and is some- 

 times called Flemish manure,) or bullock's blood. 

 Or, in other words, an acre oi land sown with two 

 bushels of wheat, without manures, will produce C 

 bcshels ; 10 bushels with vegetable manures; 14 

 bushels with cow dung; 18 bushels with pigeon's 

 dung ; 20 bushels with horse dung ; 24 bushels 

 with goat's dung; 24 bushels with urine ; 24 bush- 

 els with sheep's dung; 28 bushels with night soil, 

 or bullock's blood. But if the land be of such qual- 

 ity as to produce, without manure 5 times the sown 

 quantity, then the horse dung will yield 14, and 

 the night soil 19 2-3 the sown quantity ; or land 

 that will yield without manure 10 bushels an acre, 

 manured with horse dung will produce 28, and with 

 night soil about .'39 bushels of wheat per acre. 



These results and multitudes of recorded experi- 

 ments prove, that they in no case vary far from the 

 facts, show the immense superiority of night soil or 

 Flemish manure, over any hitherto employed. In 

 addition, Dr Granville found that some crops which 

 yield large profits are so extensively cultivated, in 

 both Flanders, can only be obtained in abundance 

 and of the finest quality, by employing what may 

 emphatically bo termed Flomiuh manure, in the 

 preparation of the soil. 



Another important matter in the comparative 

 value of the manures, and of essential practical in- 

 terest to the farmer, has been established by the 

 same authoritive investigations ; and that is, that 

 while night soil has produced fourteen times the 

 quantity sown, where the horse dung has yielded 

 only ten — the proportion of the former, or Flemish 

 manure, was to the horse dung employed, only as 1 

 to .5 : so that with one ton of Flemish, a larger 

 produce was obtained than with five tons of the 

 best stable manure. 



to take away their natural reproductive feelings, it 

 has a prodigious effect upon their condition ; and 

 a similar effect may be produced upon young hens 

 by an operation on their egg organs. T'lo art of 

 making capons has been practised from the earliest 

 antiquity in Greece, India and China, for the pur- 

 pose of improving the flesh of birds for the table, 

 in tenderness, juiciness, and flavor. 



Chinese Mode of making Capons. — The Chinese, 

 who are very expert in the art of making capons, 

 use the following method. The wings of the fowl 

 beinsr folded back till they meet, the left foot ofthe 

 operator is placed on them, the fowl being laid on its 

 left side : the great toe ofthe right foot is placed on 

 its lags : the feathers are then plucked off by the 

 side — an incision, about an inch in length, com- 

 mencin? about an inch from the back-bone and ex- 

 tending obliquely downwards, is made with a knife, 

 the cutting part of which is bevelled to a point, like 

 a dissecting scalpel. This incision is carefully 

 carried through the skin, muscles, and membranes, 

 till the intestines are laid bare, while flat blunt 

 hooks are put into the incision, which is extended 

 and kept open by ihe elasticity of a bamboo, or 

 whalebone : the intestines are then pushed aside 

 with a pair of forceps, which are used to lay hold 

 of the stone when it is by this means brought into 

 view, while there is passed over it, through a bam- 

 boo or elder tube, a horse hair, which is drawn 

 backwards and forwards through the tube till the 

 spermatic cord is cut through, and the stone is then 

 scooped out. The other stone is removed in the 

 same manner. No blood issues from the spermatic 

 cords, nor does the aninial set'ui to feel pain. Th' 

 hooks are then removed, the wound is closed, t^ 

 feathers which have been plucked off are stuck Jp- 

 on the wound with the blood, and the wing 'e^"" 

 put down on it, the animal walks off as if rothinT 

 had liapiTcnoJ. v^ang oooUo three .»<."'hs oid, an 

 made choice of for the operation, which nust if 

 possible, be performed before July, as it has been 

 remarked that capons made later than thii never 

 prove fine." — Dickson on Poultry. 



CAPONS. 



One of our subscribers, a few weeks since, wish- 

 ed to be informed respecting the art of making ca- 

 pons. As we were not acquainted ourselves with 

 the process, and having no work at hand treating 

 upon the subject, we have delayed answering until 

 the present time. The following article from 

 " Dicksoi) on Poultry," was furnished by a friend. 



We think when our correspondent becomes ac- 

 quainted with the cruel and barbarous operation, he 

 will be satisfied to let his chickens alone, and suf- 

 fer them to enjoy their brief existence without in- 

 terruption, until the day they are doomed to submit 

 to the poulterer's knife. However gratifying the 

 capon may be to the appetite of the epicure, the 

 thought of the anguish which the fowl had endured 

 in the process, would to us, be a draw back upon 

 the gratification. We do not believe the operation 

 can be performed without giving pain, although we 

 are assured to the contrary, J. B, 



"If cocks, vphen young,, are emasculated, so as 



Silk Manufacturing.— One reason why we 

 have such an unshaken confidence in th ability of 

 this country to enter successfully into «e culture 

 of silk, its manufacture as well as its pi)diiction, is 

 found in the superior enterprise, industy and inge- 

 nuity of our citizens over those of an part "i the 

 world. Great Britain thought to prevnt the estab- 

 lishment of the cotton manufacture ' this and oth- 

 er countries, by prohibiting, under svere penalties, 

 the exportation of machinery or.jatterns for its 

 construction. New England mahinists went to 

 work, built shops, made their o n patterns, and 

 produced specimens of machineryso much superior 

 in action and principle to Eurpean models, that 

 we at once obtained the prefe^nce in their own 

 market, and now annually expoi large quantitiesof 

 machinery to order. So it is steady with machin- 

 ery for the manufacture of slk. In reeling, and 

 now in weaving the narrow iinds of silk, such as 

 laces, ribbons, and other goiis of that description, 

 we have already made great advances on the clum- 

 sy and ill-arranged implemmts ofthe old world. — 

 Such improi-ements at the lutset, leave no room for 

 doubt, but that when the ittention of our artisans 

 shall be directed to the maiufacture of silk machin- 

 ery, we shall soon find our mproved processes amply 

 to compensate for any sujposed difference in the 

 price of labor. — Genesee Farmer. 



