▼OI-. .VVIII. KO. 8r. 



AND HORTICULTURAL REGISTER. 



233 



ion. True, I was a large proprietor, but that did 

 lot <rive sleep to my eyelids. My'si.x months' in- 

 erest came round, and was paid after many days' 

 ■exation. JMy coming crops, . which iorliinatcly 

 rare pretty fair, enabled me to keep along for that 

 ime, to support my family, and pay off the four 

 lundred dollars ; but it took all, and when that 

 yas gone I was in a defilorable condition. A large 

 )lantation, mostly in a bad state of cultivation, with 

 loor fences, going rapidly to decay— the soil re- 

 luiring a liberal application of enriching manures 

 o give it life, md no money to purchase it, or to 

 )By for sufficient help. But I resolved not to be 

 lificouraged, and though, by going into debt for 

 various articles where I had credit, I was compelled 

 .0 pay an enlarged price, yet I pushed on, resolved 

 .0 do riiy best to weather the storm, and improve 

 he purchase, at least in appearance, such as fences, 

 fee. But instead of cultivating but apart, [very 

 'oolishly — is 1 fear is the case with too many of 

 ny brother farmers who occupy too much— under- 

 :ook to cultivate the whole — the consequence was 

 hat my crops were generally light, especially on 

 :he new purchase, and not so good by odds, on the 

 lomestead. I saw my error, and determined, if 

 Dossiblc, to retrieve it. By perseverance I was en- 

 abled to continue and make both ends meet, but as 

 to laying up a dollar, I did not and could not, and 

 [ had almost become reconciled to my toilsome and 

 care-worn life, when I was started on a new track. 

 In 1836 a young man, a stranger, who was soli- 

 citing subscriptions for an agricultural work, called 

 at my house about evening. I bid hira to stop for 

 the night, which he did. In the course of the eve- , 

 ningour conversation— confined as it was to agri- 

 cult'ire — turned upon my embarrassments. Why, j 

 said he, it is the easiest thing in the world for you 

 not onlv to slip the collar, but to do it to some pur- 

 pose. I inquired how : he replied— Sell enougli not 

 only to pay your mortgage, but to enable you to lay 

 in a noble stuck of manure, and devote the saoie 

 cost, labor and attention on what you have left as 

 you did on the whole, and I will guarantee you suc- 

 cess. B'lt I can't sell— I have tried the neighbors 

 for years, to no effect. Hut that is not the way— 

 advertise, yes, udvcrlhe vej-y titensivtly, not only m 

 vour county papers, but in those of the city,, and 

 the surrounding country ; make your farm known 

 every where. Sell off the first chance. He read 

 me sevcrEl articles about the profits of small farms 

 well managed — of the great improvements in agri- 

 culture, <Sic 



In the muiiiii.? T subscribed for his paper. He 

 went his way. cmi : turned my attention to the du- 

 ties of my fL;;!. Cut his advice made so great an 

 impression on my mind, that I could not rest until 

 I had made the effort to sell in the manner he pro- 

 posed. I accordingly encimntered the expense; 

 and one of the advertisements fortunately brought 

 me a purchaser, cash in hand, who took two hundred ] 

 acres at fortvthree dollars per acre, or eight thou- 

 sand si.x hundred dollars; sol had a trifle left, be- 

 sides twentveight acres of wood land. I was at. 

 once released from my trouble— but the gain— 

 mnch as it may seem to some, can never recom- 

 pense me for the intense suffering of mind which 

 for years I had endured. 



I promised my wife and children, that if ever I 

 got well out of that speculation, that they would 

 never find me engaging in another ; and I will 

 preserve my word inviolate. I immediately set 

 about arranging for future operations. I was libe- 

 ral in the application of manures to my old place — 



my fences were all ])ut in excellent order — out- 

 houses repaired, and all about or around the dwcl- 

 liiiiT neatly whitewashrd — better accommodations 

 were made for cattle, &c., and now the old home- 

 stead not only looks as pleasant as ever, but is the 

 abode of real contentment and rural enjoyment. 



But this is not all— reading my agricultural 

 works has stimulated me to endeavor to keep pace 

 with the improvements — and what is a mystery to 

 some of my neighbors is, that now on the old " niiie- 

 tyfive," as they call it, I raise more saleable or dis- 

 posable produce than I ever did, with the addition 

 of the large farm. This is a fact. But it is easily 

 explained : the three hundred acres were partially 

 cultivated — the homestead is now in the highest 

 stale of fertility, and I have from the free use of 

 lime been under the necessity of contracting for 

 an additional barn on the premises. Before I pur- 

 chased the addition, I laid by about two hundred 

 dollars a year, but when I cultivated the whole I 

 could scarcely make both ends meet. Now I am, 

 thank Providence, doin^ better than ever. I am 

 doing well, and intend to " let well enough alone," 

 and not be led away by a spirit of emigration, the 

 mulberry mania, or the making of beet sugar. . I 

 shun these things as I would a pestilence, but shall 

 content myself with raising the sugar beet for my 

 stock, which is increasing, satisfied that nothing is 

 better calculated for them, or more advantageous 

 for the farmer — the stock farmer especially. 



Now I am going ahead without keeping accounts 

 save certain memorandum b<ioks. I feel the want 

 of a correct system, and I hope that your corres- 

 I pondent " A. E. T." or some person competent to 

 the task, will furnish through the Cabinet, the infor- 

 mation desired, for I consider it almost as important 

 for the farmer to have a correct system of accounts 

 as it is for the merchant or mechanic. J. J. 



THE COTTON CROPS OF THE WORLD. 

 Tfiere is no subject connected with commerce or 

 agriculture, which possesses a higher interest for 

 the citizens of the United States, than the produc- 

 tion and consumption of cotton. We have, on 

 more than one occasion, devoted our columns to 

 the insertion of information upon the subject ; and 

 our attention is particularly called to it just now, in 

 consequence of a recent publication of a valuable 

 letter, sio-ned " Cotton Plant," in a spirited New 

 York paper, called " The Whip." The writer com- 

 m.ences by stating that the entire growth of cotton 

 in the world is set down at 1,000,000,000 lbs. Of 

 this .550 millions are supposed to be grown in the 

 UnitedStates, 30in Brazil, 8 in the West Indies, 

 •27 iu Egypt, 33 in the west of Africa, 190 in the 

 Westof Asia, 35 in Mexico and South America, 

 except Brazil, and 14 millions elsewhere. 



Thus, at 10 cents per lb., a price below which it 

 has- rarely ever fallen, this crop is worth 100,000,000 

 i dollars. For the last fifty years, however, the val- 

 ' ue (though often fluctuating suddenly and widely) 

 has averaged 10 l-'i cts. At this price the present 

 growth of the work! is worth $192,500,000. 

 ° Of this, about 350 millions of pounds are con- 

 sumed and manufactured in England, about 150 

 millions in the U. States, 80 in France, 2.50 in Chi- 

 na and India, 25 in S. America and Mexico, includ- 

 in<r Brazil; 35 in Germany, 45 in Turkey and Af- 

 rica, 10 in Spain, 20 in Russia, and the remainder 

 elsewhere. 



The value of cotton manufactures in England is 

 believed to be annually about 170 millions of dol- 



lars ; in France at 70 millions; in the U. States at 

 GO millions. 



The capital employed in manufacturing by ma- 

 chinery, is estimated in England at 200 millions of 

 dollars ; in France at 120 millions ; in the U. Statee 

 at 110 millions. 



'i he consumption in manufactures of raw cotton 

 in all Europe, in 1803, was estimated at only 60 

 millions of pounds. (Die. of Span. Com.) The 

 whole consumption in Europe, in 1830, was about 

 387 millions of pounds. In 1838, it is believed to 

 bo nearly 500 millions of pounds. 



South Carolina and Georgia were the first states 

 in this Union to grow cotton to any considerable 

 extent. In 1791, two millions of pounds were grown 

 in the Union — one and a half million of which 

 grew in S. Carolina, and one half million in Geor- 

 gia. 



In 1801, forty millions was the crop of the Uni- 

 ted States — of which 20 millions grew in South 

 Carolina, 10 in Georgia, 5 in Virginia, 4 in North 

 Carolina, and 1 in '1 ennessee. 



In 1811, the crop of the U. States had reached 

 80,000,000 — of which 40 grew in S. Carolina, 20 

 in Georgia, 8 in Virginia, 7 in N. Carolina, 3 in 

 Tennessee, and 2 in Louisiana. 



In 1821, one hundred and seventy millions of 

 pounds were growing in the Union, as follows : .50 

 millions in S. Carolina, 45 in Georgia, 20 in Ten- 

 nessee, 20 in Alabama, 12 in Virginia, 10 in North 

 Carolina, 10 in Louisiana, and 10 in Mississippi. 



In 1828, the whole crop of the Union was 348 1-2 

 millions. Of-this Georgia grew 75 millions. South 

 Carolina 70, Tennessee 45, Alabama 45, Louisia- 

 na 38, Mississippi 20, Virginia 25, North Carolina 

 18 Florida 2, and Arkansas one half of a million. 

 In 1833, the crop of the Union had increased t) 

 437 3-4 millions. Of this, 88 miiUons grew in 

 Georgia, 73 in South Carolinp., 70 in Mississippi, 

 G5 in -\lab.ima, 55 «i Looisiai! a, .50 in Tennessee, 

 15 in Florida, 13 in Virginia, 10 in Nortli Carolina 

 and three fourths of a million in Arkansas. 



The next year, 1834, the crop had increased to 

 457 1-2 millions, and was grown as follows: 85 in 

 Mississippi, 85 in Alabama, 75 in Georgia, 65 1-2 

 in S. Carolina, &> i- Louisiana, 45 in Tennessee, 

 20 in Florida, 18 ir. Virginia, 9 1-2 in North Caro- 

 lina, and in Arkan;as one half a million. Subse- 

 quently, no cerSair, data are in our possession ; but 

 the estimate at this time, is 550 millions as the 

 whole crop of the Union. 



Thus it will be seen, from 1791 to 1826, S. Car- 

 olina was the most abundant cotton growing state 

 in the Union. In 1826, Georgia took the l.."id, and 

 held it till 1834, when Alabama and Mississippi 

 took the front rank. At this time, Mississippi is 

 perhaps the most extensive cotton growing State in 

 the Union. South Carolina and Alabama are next. 

 North Alabama is beginning to deteriorate as a 

 cotton country, while the worn lands in middle Ten- 

 nessee are thought to improve for this culture— ma- 

 turity, the vital desideratum, not being so easily al- 

 lowed in the rank luxuriance of the fresher soils. 

 When it is remembered that the first cotton plant 

 in the United States was raised in 1787, surely 

 our readers will find reason for surprise at the won- 

 derful increase that has accrued in little more than 

 fifty years ! Bold, indeed, must be the man who 

 would venture to predict the wealth, greatne.ss and 

 power, likely to become our national attnbutee 

 throu<^h the agency of cotton.— Philad. Inquirer. 



