LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS. 



FIG. PAGE 



1. The cube 22 



2. Regular octahedron 22 



3. Quadratic octahedron 23 



4. Right-square or quadratic prism 23 



5. Rhombic octahedron 23 



6. Double six-sided pyramid 23 



7. Rhombohedron ." 24 



8. Six-sided prism ... 24 



9. Monoclinic double pyramid 24 



10. Monoclinic prism 24 



11. Triclinic prism 25 



12. Triclinic octahedron 25 



13. 14. Structure of matter 29 



15. Dialyzer . . . . 41 



16. Thermometric scales 47 



17. Reflection 57 



18. Refraction by a parallel plate 58 



19. Refraction through a prism ^ 58 



20. Prismatic spectrum 59 



21. Spectroscope - 60 



22. Direct-vision spectroscope 61 



23. Double refraction 63 



24. Tourmaline plates 64 



25. Undulation in a cord 64 



26. Explanatory diagrams of the action of tourmaline plates 65 



27. Nicol's prism 66 



28. Lippich's polariscope 68 



29. Daniell's cell 75 



30. Induction coil - . . 79 



31. Electric furnace '. 80 



32. Longitudinal section of carborundum furnace 81 



33. Exterior view of carborundum furnace 81 



34. Electrolysis of water 82 



35. Apparatus for the decomposition of mercuric oxide 87 



36. Diagram of periodic system in spiral form 130 



37. Apparatus for generating oxygen 140 



38. Apparatus for generating hydrogen 146 



39. Apparatus for generating ammonia 168 



40. Distillation of nitric acid 175 



41. Structure of flame i85 



42. Apparatus for making sulphurous acid 207 



(xv) 



