610 CONSIDERATION OF CARBON COMPOUNDS. 



in 116 parts of alcohol or in 163 parts of chloroform, readily soluble 

 in dilute acids. 



By dissolving the alkaloid in sulphuric acid is obtained: 

 Cinchonine sulphate, Cinchonince sulphas, (C 19 H 22 N 2 O) 2 H 2 SO 4 .2H 2 O. 

 It is a white, crystalline substance. Cinchonine differs from quinine 

 by its greater insolubility in ether, by its insolubility in ammonia 

 water, by not forming fluorescent solutions, and by not giving a 

 green color with chlorine water and ammonia. 



Analytical reactions: 



" 1. Chlorine water added to the solution of a cinchonine salt pro- 

 duces a yellowish-white precipitate insoluble in excess of ammonia. 



2. Potassium ferrocyanide solution added to a neutral solution of 

 cinchonine produces a white precipitate soluble in excess of the re- 

 agent. Upon adding an acid to this solution a golden-yellow 

 precipitate is formed. 



3. With alkali hydroxides, carbonates, and bicarbonates, cincho- 

 nine salts form white precipitates insoluble in ammonia. 



Cinchonidine, C^H^N^p. An alkaloid isomeric with cinchonine; 

 soluble in 75 times its weight in ether. The sulphate, which crystal- 

 lizes with 3 molecules of water, is official. 



Strychnine, Strychnina, C^H^N^ = 331.73. This alkaloid is 

 found, together with brucine, in the seeds and bark of different 

 varieties of Strychnos, and is generally obtained from nux vomica. 

 Strychnine is a white, crystalline powder, having an intensely bitter 

 taste, which is still perceptible in solutions containing 1 in 700,000. 

 It is nearly insoluble in water and in ether, soluble in chloroform 

 and in dilute acids. 



Strychnine has strong basic properties and is one of the most 

 powerful poisons known, one-quarter of a grain having caused death 

 within a few hours. 



By dissolving it in sulphuric acid or nitric acid the official strych- 

 nine sulphate, strychnines sulphas, (C 21 H 22 N 2 O 2 ) 2 .H 2 SO 4 .5H 2 O, or 

 strychnine nitrate, strychnince nitras, (C 21 H 22 N 2 O 2 .HNO 3 ), is obtained. 



Analytical reactions : 



1. Strychnine dissolves in sulphuric acid and nitric acid without 

 color. 



j^2. A fragment of potassium dichromate, drawn through a solution 

 of strychnine in concentrated sulphuric acid, produces momentarily a 

 blue, then brilliant violet color, which slowly passes to cherry-red, 



