COSTELLARIA. 181 



specimens by digging in clear sand and sandy mud at the Tonga 

 and Viti Isles. All the Mitres of this type bury themselves in 

 sand and onl} T come to the surface during the night. The shell is 

 minutely granulated b^y the crossing of the sculpture. The ribs 

 vary considerably in size and number, and are sometimes obso- 

 lete. The angle on the shoulder is also subject to variation and 

 is occasionally very indistinct. The color is white or cinereous, 

 and sometimes nearly uniform blackish brown. The ribs are 

 frequently lineated with light brown or blackish brown, the lines 

 often interrupted so as to form two transverse rows of linear 

 spots which gradually merge into the conspicuously banded 

 aad more closely ribbed variety which represents Lamarck's 

 arenosa. T. cadaver osa, Reeve, the description of which follows, 

 is possibly a marked variety only of this species. 



T. CADAVEROSA, Reeve. PI. 54, figs. 548-554. 



Whitish, with a narrow chestnut or chocolate band, either 

 continuous or interrupted by the ribs. Length, '65-'9 inch. 



Red Sea, Indian Ocean, Mauritius, Philippines, Polynesia. 



The shell is more stumpy, usually smaller, less disposed to 

 gran ulation than T, exaxperata, and its single band, when not 

 continuous, appears in the interstices of the ribs, unlike the 

 interrupted bands of exasperata, which appear on the backs of the 

 ribs : I am by no means certain that it is distinct, however. In 

 the Polynesian Islands it lives buried in the sand. 



The synonyms are T. Pacifica, Reeve (fig. 550), T. Pharaonis, 

 Lssol (fossil), T. mutabilis, Reeve (fig. 551), and T. brevicaudata, 

 Sowb. (fig. 552). T. Wisernanni) Dohrn, an unfigured species is 

 referred to this synonymy by Jickeli,* but I agree with Mr. 

 Pease that it agrees better with his T. bella ( militaris). T. 

 Appelli, Jickeli ( Pharaonis, H. Ad., not Issel) is at most a 

 variety (fig. 553), and T. *ubquadrata, Sowb. (fig. 554), is syn- 

 onymous with it. 



T. ASPERRIMA, Dohrn. PI. 54, fig. 547. 



Orange-yellow, white upon the shoulder of the whorls. 

 Length, 22 mill. 



Habitat unknown. 



* Jahrb. Mai. Gesell., i, 37. 



