TRIVIA. 205 



the author says was first figured for T. formosa. It resembles 

 a more adult shell than our illustration of the latter, copied 

 from Thes. Conch., and is quite likely the same. 



Dr. Weinkauff believes T. formosa to be close to T. Europsea, 

 Mont., if not identical. 



T. EUROP^EA, Montagu. PL 23, figs. 48-51. 



Ovate, flesh-color, tinged with fulvous, sparingly spotted with 

 brown, closely ribbed, base white. Length, -3-'5 inch. 



Mediterranean Sea to Norway. 



Found fossil to the Miocene, it being common in the Red Crag. 



The fossil form was described as T. sphsericulata by Lam., 

 and T. coccinelloides by Sowb. 



While the shell of T. Europasa is plain, the animal presents a 

 striking contrast, it being predominantly yellow, brown and 

 pink ; the mantle is very large and more or less studded with 

 wart-like processes of a pale orange-brown with white or yellow 

 papillae, occasionally variegated by red spots and a few purplish 

 blotches. , 



It is found on stony and coral ground from low-water mark 

 to 100 fathoms. 



According to Pr. J. Gwyn Jeffreys, the northern specimens 

 are usually unspotted, while those found south are smaller and 

 more frequently spotted. 



T. arctica, Montagu, is the unspotted form ; T. bullata, of the 

 same author, represents the young shell (fig. 50). Bulla 

 diaphana, Montagu (fig. 51), is a very young example of the 

 same ; so is the Bulla Candida, Macgillivray. The species was 

 also described by Lamarck as T. coccinella, and by Sars as T. 

 Norvegica, while Risso gave it the name T. Mediterranea. 



The late Chas. Kingsley, Canon of Westminster, in a letter to 

 his friend H. P. Gosse, January 3d, 1854, says : "I have seen 

 T. Europdea during the last few days suspend itself from the 

 under side of low-tide rocks by a glutinous thread an inch or 

 more in length, and when in captivity float on the surface by 

 means of a similar thread attached to a glutinous bubble." 

 (Life of Chas. Kingsley.) 



