120 OK WOOD IN GENERAL. 



timber, of which 1,292,000 were from Sweden, and 1,150,000 

 cubic feet in planks, 918,000 cubic feet of which were from the 

 same country. 



Three-quarters of the area of the island of Madagascar is stated 

 to be forest, mainly as yet untouched. Its woods are as yet 

 little known botanically. They include one or more Ebonies, a 

 "Violet-wood" (perhaps an Acacia) and a " Rosewood," besides 

 a valuable hard redwood suitable for joinery, known as "Lalona." 

 South America. Timber does not form an article of export 

 from the southern or western portion of South America ; but 

 Brazil resembles Australia in the extent and variety of its forests. 

 At the Chicago Exhibition of 1893 no less than 440 different 

 Brazilian timbers were exhibited ; but unfortunately many of 

 these have not yet been botanically identified. It is stated that 

 some of the species vary much in durability according to the 

 situation in which they are grown ; that some of them are too 

 hard and too heavy for many ordinary purposes ; and that the 

 absence of railway facilities for transporting the timber to the 

 coast has much reduced the exports. These, however, exceed 

 100,000 annually, comprising Mahogany, Logwood, Rosewood, 

 and Brazilwood. Kosewood is Dalbergia ntyra, shipped from llio, 

 whilst other species of the genus are known as Violet-wood and 

 King-wood. Brazilwood, hard and heavy, but largely used as a 

 dye, is Ccesalpinia echindta. 



French Guiana produces many valuable timbers, including 

 Angelique (Dicorf/nia paraensis), Cuamara or Tonka-bean (Couma- 

 rouna odordta), Courbaril or Locust (Hymenti'O, Coiirbaril), Balata 

 (Mtmusops fidlata), Lancewood (Duguetia quitarensis), and Crab- 

 wood (Cdrapa guianensis), several of which species grow also in 

 Dutch and British Guiana. In all three colonies the forests 

 cover almost the whole area. British Guiana, where forest 

 conservation has been introduced, produces hundreds of species 

 of timber, suitable for almost every purpose, growing, however, 

 in a mixed virgin forest, though at present the exports amount 

 only to about 170,000 cubic feet, valued at 11,000 a year. The 

 most important species are Greenheart (Nectdndra liodid'i), Mora 



