272 WOODS OF COMMERCE. 



dark zone of the autumn-wood ; pith-rays and vessels not visible 

 to the naked eye. Highly esteemed for turnery, cabinet-work, 

 T-squares and other drawing-instruments, calico-printing blocks, 

 coarse wood-engraving and, when " ebonized " or stained black, 

 for picture-frames. 



Pear, Hard (Olinia cymdsa Thunb., var. intermedia : Order 

 OlinttcB). Cape Colony. Zulu "Umnonono." Height 14 16 

 or 30 ft. ; diam. 1 ft. Yellowish, very heavy, hard, compact 

 and tough. Valuable for axles and carriage-poles and suitable 

 for musical instruments. 



Pear, Native in Australia (i) (Xylomelum pyrif6rm6 Knight : 

 Order Protedcece). New South Wales and West Australia. 

 Known also as " Wooden Pear." Height 20 40 ft. ; diam. 

 6 8 in. W 46. Sapwood narrow, light ; heart a rich dark 

 reddish with a beautiful rich figuring on tangential sections, 

 taking an excellent polish. Occasionally used for picture- 

 frames, veneers and walking-sticks, (ii) (Hdkea aciculdris R. Br. 

 var. lissosptrma : Order Protedcece). South-east Australasia. 

 Height 2030 ft, ; diam. 8 10 in. Hard and used in turnery. 



Pear, Red (ScoUpia EckUnii Benth. and Hook. fil. : Order 

 Flaawrtiticece). South Africa. Height 3035 ft. ; diam. 23 ft. 

 Heavy, hard, close-grained. Used chiefly by wheel-wrights and 

 in mill-work. 



Pear, Thorn or Wolf (ScoUpia Zcyheri Benth. and Hook. fil.). 

 Cape Colony. Zulu " Igumza elinameva." Height 60 70 ft. ; 

 diam. 2 3 ft. Straight-growing, very hard and close-grained, 

 very difficult to saw. Used for cogs. 



Pear, Wooden. See Pear, Native. 



Pear-wood, White (Pteroceldstrus rostrdtus Walp. : Order 

 Celastrdcece). South Africa. Zulu "Umdogan." Height 2025 

 ft. ; diam. 12 ft. W 42'84. E 635 tons. / 6-95. fc 3-04. 

 Moderately heavy, strong and durable. Much used for felloes 

 and other waggon work. 



Penagah. See Poon. 



Pencil Cedar. See Cedar, Pencil. 



Pencil- wood (Pdnax Murrayi F. v. M. : Order Aralidcece). 



