WATTLE- WILLOW. 341 



Australia it is either (i) /,",'////> "//<( [See Tulip-tree (i)], or Pitto- 



xp'iniin in'a>hr [See Cheesewood]. 



Whitewood, American or Canary (Liriodendron). See 

 Tulip-tree. 



Whitewood, Mowbulan. See Laurel (i). 



Willow, a name restricted in Europe and North America to 

 the numerous and variable species of the genus Sdlix; but 

 extended in Australia to several trees in no way related to the 

 true Willows or to one another. These will be dealt with after 

 the true Willows. Some species of Sdlix are herbaceous and 

 others mere prostrate undershrubs of no value. Several other 

 species, and their numerous hybrids, are cultivated as coppice, in 

 river eyots, or wet ground, under the name of " Osiers," for the 

 manufacture of wicker-work. Of these the chief are S. vimituilis 

 L., the Common Osier (Germ. " Korbweide "), with silky hairs on 

 its young branches ; S. purpurea L., the Purple Osier, with red or 

 purple bark ; and S. vitelliim L., the Golden Osier, with yellow 

 bark. Other species are treated as pollards, the top being 

 valuable for hurdles, clothes props, hoops, handles for hay-rakes, 

 etc. Those most important as timber-trees are the White Willow 

 (S. dlba) and the Redwood Willow (S. frdgilis). S. Capi'ea has 

 been already described. [See Sallow.] 



Willow, Black (X niym Marshall). North America. French 

 " Saule noir." Germ. " Schwarze Weide." Height up to 

 50 ft. ; diam. up to 1 \ ft., but generally a shrub. S.G-. 446. 

 W 27-77. R 424 kilos. Branches yellow, brittle at base ; 

 sapwood nearly white ; heart reddish-brown, very light, soft, 

 close-grained, easily worked. Used mainly for fuel and 

 charcoal. 



Willow, Crack (S. frdgilis L.). Europe, Northern and 

 Western Asia ; introduced in America. Known also as " Withy," 

 " Bedford " or " Redwood Willow," or " Stag's-head Osier." 

 Germ. " Bruchweide." Height sometimes 50 90 ft. ; diam. 4 7 

 ft. Branches green, yellow-brown, orange or crimson, smooth, 

 polished, brittle at the base ; wood, when dry, salmon-coloured, 

 light, pliable, tough and elastic. Said to be used in Scotland for 



