CHAPTER V 



The Neopallium in Mammalia, extinct and surviving 

 The Tasmanian Devil The Duckbill Release of 

 energy in response to stimuli The folds of the 

 Mammalian brain The functions of the cortex 

 Cortical areas Intelligence in dogs Macaques 

 Areas of Neopallium Learning by imitation 

 Baboons Limits of intelligent action. 



BEFORE attempting to explain the evolution 

 and functions performed by that part of the 

 brain which is directly concerned in the mani- 

 festation of intellectual processes, it is well to 

 observe that, as Professor Elliot Smith re- 

 marks, in each successive epoch it has become 

 incumbent upon every mammal either, on the 

 one hand, to adopt some eminently safe mode 

 of life or some special protective apparatus to 

 avoid extinction ; or, on the other hand, to " cul- 

 tivate " a larger cerebral cortex or that part of 

 it known as the neopallium which, as the organ 

 of associative memory, would enable it to 



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