AETHER. yETHYLIS CHLORIDUM. 13 



AETHER. 



Ether is a highly inflammable liquid made by distilling and purifying a mixture of 

 alcohol and sulphuric acid. It should contain at least 95.5% ethyl oxide (C2H 5 ) 2 O. 

 Being highly inflammable it should be kept remote from any flame. Daylight causes a 

 slow oxidation. 



Properties: 



Volatility (note time for 5 mils poured on cloth to evaporate) 

 The chief use for Ether is to produce anaesthesia. 

 Spiritus /Etheris is an official preparation. 



CARBAMAS. 



Urethane is the ethyl ester of carbamic acid, obtained by treating a carbamide 

 with ethyl alcohol. It should be kept in well-closed containers. 

 Properties: 



Appearance 

 Color _ 



Odor .... 

 Taste _ 



Solubility : 



H 2 O 



C 2 H 5 OH ... 



C 3 H 5 (OH) 3 



Incompatibilities: 



To a solution of Urethane add any alkali 



Triturate Urethane with antipyrine, or camphor, chloral, menthol, phenol, salol, 



or salicylic acid 



Alcoholic solution of Urethane + KOH produces crystals of KCN 

 /Ethylis Carbamas is an hypnotic of uncertain reliability in man, but of consider- 

 able utility in laboratory work. 



jETHYLIS CHLORIDUM. 



Ethyl Chloride, or Monochlorethane, is prepared by treating absolute ethyl alco- 

 hol with hydrochloric acid gas. The product is very volatile, highly inflammable, and 

 must be protected from light. 



Spray some Ethyl Chloride in a fine, concentrated stream upon a small skin area. 



What change takes place? 



With a needle immediately test sensitiveness of spot. Result? 



Ethyl Chloride is used to produce rapid local anaesthesia by freezing the skin. By 

 inhalation it quickly produces profound sleep and a general anaesthesia, suitable for 

 short operations. 



